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Dams and Earthquakes deals with the association of earthquakes and large artificial lakes, particularly on the part that pore pressure plays in inducing earthquakes. The book also contains methods for recording seismic activity, before, during, and after the filling of reservoir dams through the installation of a network of portable seismographs. The text assesses the parameters and macroseismic effects of the Koyna earthquake in India in December 1967, as well as the instrumental and macroseismic data showing that the Koyna earthquake is a multiple seismic event. The book investigates the geology, hydrology, and seismicity of seismic reservoir sites, including three cases of induced seismicity after fluid injections in deep wells. A possible correlation between the reservoir level or volume of the injected fluid and the tremor frequency exists. The characteristic seismic features of reservoir associated earthquakes can reflect changes in the mechanical properties of rock masses near the reservoirs. The book also investigates the part played by increased pore-fluid pressures in triggering the earthquakes at Denver, Rangely, Kariba, Kremasta and Koyna. The UNESCO Working Group on "Seismic Phenomena Associated with Large Reservoirs" recommends the adoption of a two-phase planning in instrumental studies and surveys at sites to be used for large reservoirs. The book can be beneficial for meteorologists, environmentalists, geologists, civil engineers, structural engineers, or for officers of river and lake authorities.
Of results / by W.O. Smith, C.P. Vetter, and G.B. Cummings -- Introduction. The Lake Mead problem / by C.P. Vetter ; Organization of the work and equipment / by W.O. Smith ; Geologic setting of Lake Mead / by C.R. Longwell ; Drainage basin tributary to Lake Mead / by H.E. Thomas -- Geodetic surveys. Precise leveling / by E.J. Parkin ; Interpretation of the leveling data / by C.R. Longwell -- Hydrographic surveys. Survey of the lake / by Gunnar Leifson ; Survey of Lower Granite Gorge / by L.C. Pampel ; Reservoir storage : significance of area, capacity, and sediment tables / by J.W. Stanley ; Water budget / W.B. Langbein -- Water of the lake. Character of the inflowing water / by C.S. Howard ; Chemistry of the water / by C.S. Howard ; Circulation and evaporation / by E.R. Anderson and D.W. Pritchard ; Character of the accumulated sediment / by H.R. Gould ; Bacteriology and biochemistry of the sediments / by F.D. Sisler ; Amount of sediment / by H.R. Gould ; Turbidity currents / by H.R. Gould ; Erosion in the reservoir / by H.R. Gould ; Sedimentation in relation to reservoir utilization / by H.R. Gould ; Life of the reservoir / by H.E. Thomas, H.R. Gould, and W.B. Langbein ; The sediment problems in reservoirs / by Thomas Maddock, Jr.
1919/28 cumulation includes material previously issued in the 1919/20-1935/36 issues and also material not published separately for 1927/28. 1929/39 cumulation includes material previously issued in the 1929/30-1935/36 issues and also material for 1937-39 not published separately.
1785/1918 includes material issued previously in the annual Bibliography of North America geology, and in cumulative volumes issued by N. H. Darton and F. B. Weeks. 1919/28 cumulation includes material previously issued in the 1919/20-1935/36 issues and also material not published separately for 1927/28. 1929/39 cumulation includes material previously issued in the 1929/30-1935/36 issues and also material for 1937-39 not published separately.
Since the publication of the first Dams and Earthquakes in 1976, the phenomenon of reservoir induced seismicity (RIS) is more widely understood. There are now over 70 known cases of reservoir-induced earthquakes. These damaging earthquakes have occurred in China, Kariba, Zambia, Greece, Kremasta, Koyna, India, California and elsewhere. The December 10, 1967 Koyna earthquake, with a magnitude of 6.3 claimed over 200 lives, injured 1500 and rendered thousands homeless. Because of the ever increasing demand for dam construction, for power generation, irrigation, and flood control, it is necessary to understand how, where and why induced earthquakes occur. Recent research has demonstrated that when suitable physical measurements of rock properties are made, a fairly accurate model of induced seismicity can be obtained. It appears possible to mitigate the hazard of RIS through manipulation of reservoir levels.The present volume is an updated and revised follow-up to the 1976 book. It presents an overview of the world-wide distribution of RIS, the salient aspects of RIS at specific reservior sites where earthquakes of M〉5 have occurred and where new results on RIS are reported, and how they differ from the normal earthquake sequences. An examination of the non-occurrence of induced earthquakes in the vicinity of the Himalyan reservoirs and other related topics such as: the size of the largest induced earthquake that could occur at a given reservoir site; prediction of induced earthquakes; and dam site investigations which should be completed during the planning and operation of the reservoirs are also included.