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Cruel Habitations (1974) looks at the pre-industrial background in which housing problems are rooted, with the decay of towns and the unsuccessful attempts to better their condition by public health reforms, by charitable agencies and by building societies – and with legislative action in Parliament towards housing reform.
Explores the lived experiences of the women of lower deck seamen in the nineteenth century British navy. This book explores the lived experiences of the women - the mothers, sisters, foster-mothers of motherless children, but above all the wives - of lower deck seamen in the nineteenth century British navy. It makes extensive use of the "allotment" scheme, a system which enabled men to convey portions of their pay to dependants at home. The scheme had been devised by a Royal Navy worried by the adverse effect on naval manpower caused by experienced and mature sailors quitting the service in order to support loved ones suffering poverty on shore. Drawing also on civil, parish and local data, the book reveals hitherto unknown differences between naval and civilian patterns of nuptiality, family life, occupation and household structure. It illustrates the impact of naval breadwinners' long-term absence in analyses of local migration, mutual support networks, and clusterings of "same ship" families, and to bring the picture to life it includes microhistories and stories of individual women. The book concludes that while the sailor's woman's "allotted place" in the popular imagination shifted with changing perceptions of sailors' reputation and standing, a constant "otherness" attached to women who chose marriage to long-absent men, and a life of necessary self-reliance.
The problem of how, where, and on what terms to house the urban masses in an industrial society remains unresolved to this day. In nineteenth-century Victorian England, overcrowding was the most obvious characteristic of urban housing and, despite constant agitation, it remained widespread and persistent in London and other great cities such as Manchester, Glasgow, and Liverpool well into the twentieth century. The Eternal Slum is the first full-length examination of working-class housing issues in a British town. The city investigated not only provided the context for the development of a national policy but also, in scale and variety of response, stood in the vanguard of housing reform. The failure of traditional methods of social amelioration in mid-century, the mounting storm of public protest, the efforts of individual philanthropists, and then the gradual formulation and application of new remedies, constituted a major theme: the need for municipal enterprise and state intervention. Meanwhile, the concept of overcrowding, never precisely defined in law but based on middle-class notions of decency and privacy, slowly gave way to the positive idea of adequate living space, with comfort, as much as health or morals, the criterion.Not just dwellings but people were at issue. There is little evidence in this period of the attitude of the worker himself to his housing. Wohl has extensively researched local archives and, in particular, drawn on the vestry reports which have been relatively neglected. Profusely illustrated with contemporary photographs and drawings, this book is the definitive study of the housing reform movement in Victorian and Edwardian London and suggests what it was really like to live under such appalling conditions. This important study will be of interest to social historians, British historians, urban planners, and those interested in how social policies developed in previous eras.
A series of sermons meant to challenge the rigid and uncompromising views held by Christianity in England at the time. The Author came to the conclusion that Christianity is based on much older religions and its rituals are directly descended from ancient Egyptian and pagan practices
An extraordinary city, London grew from a backwater in the Classical Age into an important medieval city and significant Renaissance urban center to a modern colossus--full of a free people ever evolving. Roy Porter touches the pulse of his hometown and makes it our own, capturing London's fortunes, people, and imperial glory with vigor and wit. 58 photos.
The Building Society Promise explores the accessibility of the early building society movement to working-class households before the Second World War. The study examines the historical records of building societies which existed in the past and reconstructs their mortgage portfolios to investigate the kinds of people that were buying houses with the help of building society finance during this period. Antoninus Samy shows how the accessibility ofdifferent building societies primarily depended upon the how individual societies were designed to do business, which in turn also affected their efficiency and stability. Societies that were small and highlylocalized (or large societies that had agency networks that were closely knit with the communities they served) were more likely to be accessible, efficient and stable, than larger societies that operated no differently than impersonal corporate banks.