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Rationale and concepts of crop loss assessment for improving pest management and crop protection. Measurement of disease and pathogens. Measurement of insect pest populations and injury. Modeling of crop growth and yield for loss assessment. Disease progress curves, their mathematical description and analysis to formulate predictors for loss equations. Sampling theory and protocol for insects. Methods of field data collection and recording in experiments and surveys. Generating the database for disease-loss modeling. Methods of generating different levels of disease epidemics in loss experiments. Methods of studying the relation between different insect population levels, damage and yield in experiments and surveys. Quantifying the relationship between disease intensity and yield loss. Quantifying the relationship between insect populations, damage, yield and economic thresholds. Empirical models for predicting yield loss caused by a single disease. Empirical models for predicting yield loss caused by one type of insect: the stem borers. The use of principal components analysis and cluster analysis in crop loss assessment. A mechanistic approach to yield loss assessment based on crop physiology. The systems approach to pest management. The concept of thresholds: warning, action and damage thresholds. The role of predictive systems in disease management. Economics of integrated pest control. Analysis of decision making in pest management. Pest surveiliance systems in the USA - a case study using the Michigan State crop monitoring system (CCMS). Crop loss assessment in a practical integrated pest control program for tropical Asian rice. A computer-based decision aid for managing bean rust. The siratac system for cotton pest management in Australia.
The book deals with the present state and problems of integrated pest management as relating to stakeholder acceptance of IPM and how integrated pest management can become a sustainable practice. The discussions include using less pesticides and the possibility of eliminating pesticides from agricultural practice.
Although chemical pesticides safeguard crops and improve farm productivity, they are increasingly feared for their potentially dangerous residues and their effects on ecosystems. The Future Role of Pesticides explores the role of chemical pesticides in the decade ahead and identifies the most promising opportunities for increasing the benefits and reducing the risks of pesticide use. The committee recommends R&D, program, and policy initiatives for federal agriculture authorities and other stakeholders in the public and private sectors. This book presents clear overviews of key factors in chemical pesticide use, including: Advances in genetic engineering not only of pest-resistant crops but also of pests themselves. Problems in pesticide useâ€"concerns about the health of agricultural workers, the ability of pests to develop resistance, issues of public perception, and more. Impending shifts in agricultureâ€"globalization of the economy, biological "invasions" of organisms, rising sensitivity toward cross-border environmental issues, and other trends. With a model and working examples, this book offers guidance on how to assess various pest control strategies available to today's agriculturist.
Bringing together the expertise of over 450 distinguished entomologists from 40 countries, this exhaustive work provides a global overview of insects and their close relatives. It is designed as an introduction to this fascinating group of animals.
Widespread use of broad-spectrum chemical pesticides has revolutionized pest management. But there is growing concern about environmental contamination and human health risksâ€"and continuing frustration over the ability of pests to develop resistance to pesticides. In Ecologically Based Pest Management, an expert committee advocates the sweeping adoption of ecologically based pest management (EBPM) that promotes both agricultural productivity and a balanced ecosystem. This volume offers a vision and strategies for creating a solid, comprehensive knowledge base to support a pest management system that incorporates ecosystem processes supplemented by a continuum of inputsâ€"biological organisms, products, cultivars, and cultural controls. The result will be safe, profitable, and durable pest management strategies. The book evaluates the feasibility of EBPM and examines how best to move beyond optimal examples into the mainstream of agriculture. The committee stresses the need for information, identifies research priorities in the biological as well as socioeconomic realm, and suggests institutional structures for a multidisciplinary research effort. Ecologically Based Pest Management addresses risk assessment, risk management, and public oversight of EBPM. The volume also overviews the history of pest managementâ€"from the use of sulfur compounds in 1000 B.C. to the emergence of transgenic technology. Ecologically Based Pest Management will be vitally important to the agrichemical industry; policymakers, regulators, and scientists in agriculture and forestry; biologists, researchers, and environmental advocates; and interested growers.
Pest Control Strategies is a compilation of papers presented at the symposium held at Cornell University in June 1977. It covers various aspects and issues on pest control. It also discusses the risks and benefits of using pesticides on human health as well as on the economy and environment. Composed of four parts, the book provides an overview of the various alternative pest control techniques and identifies possible solutions on crop pest problems. Part 1 discusses the role of the U.S. Department of Agriculture in the integrated pest management programs and policy. The following part discusses the complexity of pest management in terms of socioeconomic and legal aspects. Part 3 presents the different case studies about pest management. These case studies include the potentials for research and implementation of integrated pest management on deciduous tree-fruits and other agricultural crops. The last part of this collection describes the current status, needs, and future developments of integrated pest management. This book will be relevant to extension leaders, educators, government officials, and agriculturists as well as to students, teachers, and researchers who are interested in the integrated pest management program.
This, the first volume of the ‘Integrated Management of Plant Pests and Diseases’ book series, presents general concepts on integrated pest and disease management. Section one includes chapters on infection models, resurgence and replacement, plant disease epidemiology and effects of climate change in tropical environments. The second section includes remote sensing and information technology. Finally, the third section covers molecular aspects of the subject.
Crop loss assessment: background, rationale, and concepts; Component technology for crop loss assessment; Applications of pest and loss assessment technology to pest management.
This is a revised edition of an undergraduate textbook, which incorporates advances in insect pest management, and has been updated throughout to provide a more balanced, comprehensive coverage of the subject. Topics include a history of insect pest management, and a discussion of insecticides.