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This book describes the ways that technology is impacting criminal justice. It represents the concerns of criminal justice teachers, practitioners, and students, and it is presented in four parts: criminal justice education and technology, law enforcement technology, corrections technology, and criminality and technology. It provides practical knowledge about different technology that is useful on many levels. The second edition contains nine new chapters. Several chapters explore the level to which faculty are using computers in their teaching. Other chapters enlighten the reader on the ways that criminal justice agencies are using the World Wide Web and automation to inform and interact with the public, hire and train staff, collect and manage data better, share data seamlessly, solve field problems, and classify and track offenders. Chapters also discuss how the digital age is producing new techno-crimes.
This third edition, arriving nearly 12 years after the previous one, is not only timely but overdue. This text offers a welcome and appropriate mixture of knowledge or information about specific types of technology along with empirical studies of certain technology used in various subcomponents of the criminal justice system. This text consists of 12 chapters, with eight completely new and four substantially revised and updated. The text is arranged into two parts: law enforcement technology and public safety technology. Major topics include: technology infrastructure: what it is and how it’s changing; current overview of law enforcement technology; body-worn cameras: the new normal; avoiding the technological panacea of the body-worn camera; examining perceptions of technology-enabled crimes; digital forensics; technological advancements in keeping victims safe; the evolution of offender electronic monitoring: from radio signals to satellite technology; technoprisons: technology and prisons; inside the Darknet: techno-crime and criminal opportunity; securing cyberspace in the 21st century; and assessing the deployment of automated license place recognition technology and strategies to improve public safety. Numerous illustrations and tables highlight the chapter contents. Students, educators, and practitioners will find this new edition most useful as it provides practical knowledge about different technology advances and projections on many levels. This third edition has developed into an excellent resource that allows both neophyte and expert to learn state-of-the-art information.
Crime and Punishment in the Future Internet is an examination of the development and impact of digital frontier technologies (DFTs) such as Artificial Intelligence, the Internet of things, autonomous mobile robots, and blockchain on offending, crime control, the criminal justice system, and the discipline of criminology. It poses criminological, legal, ethical, and policy questions linked to such development and anticipates the impact of DFTs on crime and offending. It forestalls their wide-ranging consequences, including the proliferation of new types of vulnerability, policing and other mechanisms of social control, and the threat of pervasive and intrusive surveillance. Two key concerns lie at the heart of this volume. First, the book investigates the origins and development of emerging DFTs and their interactions with criminal behaviour, crime prevention, victimisation, and crime control. It also investigates the future advances and likely impact of such processes on a range of social actors: citizens, non-citizens, offenders, victims of crime, judiciary and law enforcement, media, NGOs. This book does not adopt technological determinism that suggests technology alone drives social development. Yet, while it is impossible to know where the emerging technologies are taking us, there is no doubt that DFTs will shape the way we engage with and experience criminal behaviour in the twenty-first century. As such, this book starts the conversation about a range of essential topics that this expansion brings to social sciences, and begins to decipher challenges we will be facing in the future. An accessible and compelling read, this book will appeal to those engaged with criminology, sociology, politics, policymaking, and all those interested in the impact of DFTs on the criminal justice system.
This is the eBook of the printed book and may not include any media, website access codes, or print supplements that may come packaged with the bound book. For courses in Introduction to Law Enforcement. A current and practical look at policing practices from a big-picture perspective. Law Enforcement in the 21st Century keeps readers up-to-date in this ever-evolving field providing a synthesis of the latest research literature with practical insights from the field. The important theme of linkage blindness is a central theme throughout, highlighting the multi-jurisdictional complexities of policing in the United States and abroad. Linkage blindness is then used as an important pedagogical tool to frame realistic critical-thinking exercises. The Fourth Edition reflects the many challenges that have faced policing in the recent months and years. New chapter introductions — drawn from contemporary issues related to the use of force, community relations, and gun control — update the text for the current classroom. New concepts are added to the discussion, including student appreciation for the importance of police legitimacy. Greater attention is also paid to new technologies being piloted across the United States.
This book provides the “how to’s” of police patrol, focusing on how officers on the front line perform their duties (covering both skills and techniques), meet day-to-day challenges, and manage the tasks and risks associated with modern police patrol. Drawing on theory, research, and the experience of numerous practitioners, it provides practical daily checklists and guidance for delivering primary police services: • Conducting mobile and foot patrols • Completing a preliminary investigation • Canvassing a neighborhood • Developing street contacts • Building and sustaining trust • Delivering death notifications, and more. It features interviews with frontline officers, as well as both police chiefs and supervisors to examine the role of police officers in the 21st century and their partnership with, and accountability to, the communities they serve. In addition, this book explores how modern policing has evolved by examining the research, innovation, tradition, and technology upon which it is based. It provides new perspectives and ideas as well as basic knowledge of daily practices, offering value to new and experienced police and security personnel alike; students in criminal justice, law and public safety; community leaders; and others involved in advancing police operations and community well-being.
The jury is often hailed as one of the most important symbols of American democracy. Yet much has changed since the Sixth Amendment in 1791 first guaranteed all citizens the right to a jury trial in criminal prosecutions. Experts now have a much more nuanced understanding of the psychological implications of being a juror, and advances in technology and neuroscience make the work of rendering a decision in a criminal trial more complicated than ever before. Criminal Juries in the 21st Century explores the increasingly wide gulf between criminal trial law, procedures, and policy, and what scientific findings have revealed about the human experience of serving as a juror. Readers will contemplate myriad legal issues that arise when jurors decide criminal cases as well as cutting-edge psychological research that can be used to not only understand the performance and experience of the contemporary criminal jury, but also to improve it. Chapter authors grapple with a number of key issues at the intersection of psychology and law, guiding readers to consider everything from the factors that influence the initial selection of the jury to how jurors cope with and reflect on their service after the trial ends. Together the chapters provide a unique view of criminal juries with the goal of increasing awareness of a broad range of current issues in great need of theoretical, empirical, and legal attention. Criminal Juries in the 21st Century will identify how social science research can inform law and policy relevant to improving justice within the jury system, and is an essential resource for those who directly study jury decision making as well as social scientists generally, attorneys, judges, students, and even future jurors.
Allen Steinberg brings to life the court-centered criminal justice system of nineteenth-century Philadelphia, chronicles its eclipse, and contrasts it to the system -- dominated by the police and public prosecutor -- that replaced it. He offers a major reinterpretation of criminal justice in nineteenth-century America by examining this transformation from private to state prosecution and analyzing the discontinuity between the two systems. Steinberg first establishes why the courts were the sources of law enforcement, authority, and criminal justice before the advent of the police. He shows how the city's system of private prosecution worked, adapted to massive social change, and came to dominate the culture of criminal justice even during the first decades following the introduction of the police. He then considers the dilemmas that prompted reform, beginning with the establishment of a professional police force and culminating in the restructuring of primary justice. Making extensive use of court dockets, state and municipal government publications, public speeches, personal memoirs, newspapers, and other contemporary records, Steinberg explains the intimate connections between private prosecution, the everyday lives of ordinary people, and the conduct of urban politics. He ties the history of Philadelphia's criminal courts closely to related developments in the city's social and political evolution, making a contribution not only to the study of criminal justice but also to the larger literature on urban, social, and legal history. Originally published in 1989. A UNC Press Enduring Edition -- UNC Press Enduring Editions use the latest in digital technology to make available again books from our distinguished backlist that were previously out of print. These editions are published unaltered from the original, and are presented in affordable paperback formats, bringing readers both historical and cultural value.
Thoroughly updated and revised to reflect the most current events and information, Law Enforcement and Justice Administration, Second Edition, provides a comprehensive overview of the prevailing criminal justice organizations present in law enforcement, courts, and correctional systems. Using a realistic, field-based approach that combines theory with application, this text explores the operations, issues, and practices that administrators within criminal justice face today. This Second Edition blends historic administrative themes and concepts with future trends. It is the author’s intent to encourage practitioners and students to take an active stand in developing strategies to enhance the future of administration in Law Enforcement, in the Courts, and in Corrections. Throughout the text, five Contextual Themes are developed to aid the students in connecting the concepts of administration to key terms, and ultimately to the application of the concepts. The five Contextual Themes include: 1. Organization Functions 2. Employee Relations 3. Open Systems 4. Social Equity 5. Client-oriented Service Law Enforcement and Justice Administration, Second Edition is organized into three parts. Part I develops key concepts from the history of administrative practices into the five Contextual Themes. Part II applies these key concepts to contemporary criminal justice agencies using the Contextual Themes. Part III explores the application of the Contextual Themes in the future of criminal justice administration. Every new printed copy is packaged with full student access to unlock a variety of interactive study tools on the student companion website! (eBook version does not include access to the student companion website. Standalone access can be purchased here http://www.jblearning.com/catalog/9781449655150/) New to the Second Edition: * Now available in paperback! * Revised figures & tables and updated statistics throughout present the most current trends and data in Criminal Justice Administration * New section on the Pygmalion Effect * New section on Big Democracy * New sections on the Hoover Commission * A “Current Status of –“ section has been added to every chapter in Parts II and III to provide students with the most up-to-date perspective on the material just learned. Key Features: * Key terms and concepts listed at the end of each chapter, familiarize students with the language they will encounter at the administrative level. A compendium listing all terms and concepts is included at the end of the text for easy reference. * End of chapter review questions and activities promote further participation and research both inside and outside the classroom. * Instructor resources will include an Instructor’s Manual, PowerPoint lecture outlines, and a complete Test Bank. * Every new printed copy is packaged with full student access to unlock the variety of interactive study tools on the student companion website.
For criminal justice practitioners who deal with drugs and crime day in and day out, the reality of the drugs-crime nexus is indisputable. In a manual designed to help police chiefs and sheriffs control drug abuse, the International Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP) stated unequivocally its belief in?a significant though complex? relationship between drug abusers and criminal offenders. Change one group, IACP proposed, and you change the other:?If there is a reduction in the number of people who abuse drugs in your community, there will be a reduction in the commission of certain types of crime in your community.?
Researchers at US universities and various institutes explore the impact that developments in information technology have had on the criminal justice system over the past several decades. They explain that computers and information technology are more than a set of tools to accomplish a set of tasks, but must be considered an integral component of