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The fracture mirror and crack branching constants were determined from three glasses and nine advanced ceramics tested under various loading and specimen configurations in an attempt to use the constants as a data base for fractography. The ratios of fracture mirror or crack branching constant to fracture toughness were found to be approximately two for most ceramic materials tested. A demonstration of how to use the two constants as a tool for verifying stress measurements was presented for silicon nitride disk specimens subjected to high-temperature, constant stress-rate biaxial flexure testing. Choi, Sung R. and Gyekenyesi, John P. Glenn Research Center NASA/TM-1998-206536, NAS 1.15:206536, E-11019 RTOP 523-22-13...
Provides a modern, practical approach to the understanding and measurement procedures relevant to the fracture of brittle materials This book examines the testing and analysis of the fracture of brittle materials. Expanding on the measurement and analysis methodology contained in the first edition, it covers the relevant measurements (toughness and strength), material types, fracture mechanics, measurement techniques, reliability and lifetime predictions, microstructural considerations, and material/test selection processes appropriate for the analysis of the fracture behavior of brittle materials. The Fracture of Brittle Materials: Testing and Analysis, Second Edition summarizes the concepts behind the selection of a test procedure for fracture toughness and strength, and goes into detail on how the statistics of fracture can be used to assure reliability. It explains the importance of the role of microstructure in these determinations and emphasizes the use of fractographic analysis as an important tool in understanding why a part failed. The new edition includes a significant quantity of material related to the fracture of biomaterials, and features two new chapters—one on thermal shock, the other on the modeling of the fracture process. It also expands on a discussion of how to treat the statistics of fracture strength data to ensure reliability. Provides practical analysis of fracture toughness and strength Introduces the engineering and materials student to the basic concepts necessary for analyzing brittle fracture Contains new statistical analysis procedures to allow for the prediction of the safe design of brittle components Contains real-world examples to assist the reader in applying the concepts to their own research, material development, and quality-control needs The Fracture of Brittle Materials: Testing and Analysis, Second Edition is an important resource for all students, technicians, engineers, scientists, and researchers involved in the study, analysis, creation, or testing of ceramics.
Fractographic analysis is a useful tool for finding fracture origins that is necessary for improving the reliability of ceramic restorations. The general analysis begins with the determination of fracture patterns and origins. The crack propagation markings found by examination of fracture surfaces allow one to follow crack paths and to trace back to an origin, including fracture mirror, hackle, Wallner line, arrest line, and compression curl. This method is introduced and applied to define the origins of common clinical failures of ceramic dental prostheses. They are classified as several major types, namely, cracking initiated at the margin or at occlusal contacts, and porcelain chipping or delamination. The fracture origin is always found near the spot where the highest tensile stress concentration accumulates, and/or microscopic defects or flaws are located nearby. The fracture of ceramic dental restorations may initiate at micro-defects in the porcelain or ceramic body that are introduced during the materials fabrication process or after clinical adjustment.
Selected, peer reviewed papers from the International Conference on Fractography of Advanced Ceramics held in Stará Lesná, Slovakia, September, 7-10, 2008
A comprehensive reference on the properties, selection, processing, and applications of the most widely used nonmetallic engineering materials. Section 1, General Information and Data, contains information applicable both to polymers and to ceramics and glasses. It includes an illustrated glossary, a collection of engineering tables and data, and a guide to materials selection. Sections 2 through 7 focus on polymeric materials--plastics, elastomers, polymer-matrix composites, adhesives, and sealants--with the information largely updated and expanded from the first three volumes of the Engineered Materials Handbook. Ceramics and glasses are covered in Sections 8 through 12, also with updated and expanded information. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR