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A traditional educational experience takes place in a school building. The reforms in education have resulted in academic achievement and school improvement, no one could have imagined the changes that would result in 2020. In March of 2020, education was forever-changed due to COVID-19 and the requirements of social distancing. Teachers were in the unique position of teaching virtually permanently for the duration of the 2019-2020 school year. COVID-19 created some unusual circumstances for education. Schools were rapidly changing the basic daily operations to accommodate the rapid changes about by the pandemic.In times of uncertainty, school leaders need to understand how their support can affect teacher efficacy. Teacher efficacy is related to positive student engagement and creates good feelings for job satisfaction. The transition of teachers from classrooms and school buildings, while asking them to teach remotely, raised several questions. The study will seek to find how teachers and leaders were impacted by COVID-19, to help drive conversations for district leaders to consider when making future reforms. This study had a qualitative methodology with a phenomenological research design.The phenomenon under examination for this study, is the personal classroom experiences of educators during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study was approached using the hermeneutic-constructivist perspective theory. The findings indicated each participant had a different experience, but they all expressed feelings of uncertainty, anxiety, concern for student mental health, and concerns for the future of education. They had to find measures of grace for themselves and their students.
Recognizing that education systems have been temporarily paralyzed in the past and likely will in the future—whether it’s because of a natural disaster or a pandemic—this important volume offers critical insights about how schools can effectively carry forward the mission of educating all children even in the face of system turbulence and disruption. Featuring Narratives from expert leaders in urban, rural, and suburban school systems, this book explores important questions about the "new normal" such as the ways in which students can and should learn, how educators can teach and lead effectively, and how schools can carry out important functions beyond their instructional mission. Chapters present inspiring stories of leaders and teachers who have rallied, rebuilt, and problem-solved in face of the pandemic and amid adversity, ultimately providing a roadmap for how it’s possible to rebuild and adjust while preserving the fundamental core of education. Full of takeaways and first-hand insights into how systems and their schools faced turbulence, disruption, and adaptation, this book is a must-read for today’s educators committed to making a positive impact on the students they have the duty to serve.
The American Psychological Association (2020) reported that some 81% of teenage children (13 to 17 years-of-age) were negatively impacted in a range of ways due to school closures in connection with COVID-19, including 47% who indicated that they “didn’t learn as much as they did in previous years” (para. 21). That perhaps many more than 47% of teenage children in the United States did not learn as much as they did in previous years was documented in the most recent National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) report which found that “the national average score declines in mathematics for fourth- and eighth-graders were the largest ever recorded in that subject” (Wilburn & Elias, 2022, para. 1). The National Center for Educational Statistics Commissioner commented somewhat hyperbolically that the results showed that “every student was vulnerable to the pandemic’s disruptions” (Wilburn & Elias, 2022, para. 5) and called for a single-minded emphasis on ways to assist students to recover from their trauma and accelerate their learning. Wilburn and Elias (2022) joined those who have pointed out that the learning declines associated with COVID-19 did not occur equitably. The likelihood of a single-minded policy response to change the system and address the achievement gaps exposed by the range of responses to COVID-19 seems small. On the one hand, doubting the sustainability of innovative responses, education historian Larry Cuban referenced the dominant stability of schooling which, if anything, “produces this huge public and professional need to resume schooling as it was” (Young, 2022, para. 18). On the other hand, diverse political agendas will diffuse concerted efforts. Grossman et al. (2021) discussed a pertinent example from Michigan where “public health data, partisanship, and collective bargaining” (p. 637) each played a role in determining school reopening decisions. On this same issue of school reopening, there is credible evidence from Massachusetts that the much maligned and politically explosive masking policies implemented in some schools may have saved lives (Cowger et al., 2022). Roy (2020) asserted that “historically, pandemics have forced humans to break with the past and imagine their world anew. This one is no different. It is a portal, a gateway between one world and the next” (para. 48). The chapters in this volume attest to the willingness of individuals to collaborate in stepping through that portal.
This handbook showcases extraordinary educational responses in exceptional times. The scholarly text discusses valuable innovations for teaching and learning in times of COVID-19 and beyond. It examines effective teaching models and methods, technology innovations and enhancements, strategies for engagement of learners, unique approaches to teacher education and leadership, and important mental health and counseling models and supports. The unique solutions here implement and adapt effective digital technologies to support learners and teachers in critical times – for example, to name but a few: Florida State University’s Innovation Hub and interdisciplinary project-based approach; remote synchronous delivery (RSD) and blended learning approaches used in Yorkville University’s Bachelor of Interior Design, General Studies, and Business programs; University of California’s strategies for making resources affordable to students; resilient online assessment measures recommended from Qatar University; strategies in teacher education from the University of Toronto/OISE to develop equity in the classroom; simulation use in health care education; gamification strategies; innovations in online second language learning and software for new Canadian immigrants and refugees; effective RSD and online delivery of directing and acting courses by the Toronto Film School, Canada; academic literacy teaching in Colombia; inventive international programs between Japan and Taiwan, Japan and the USA, and Italy and the USA; and, imaginative teaching and assessment methods developed for online Kindergarten – Post-Secondary learners and teachers. Authors share unique global perspectives from a network of educators and researchers from more than thirty locations, schools, and post-secondary institutions worldwide. Educators, administrators, policymakers, and instructional designers will draw insights and guidelines from this text to sustain education during and beyond the COVID-19 era.
Abstract Background When Covid-19 arrived and sparked a wave of lockdowns in the Spring of 2020, parents and other caregivers (e.g., grandparents, adult siblings) needed to decide what to tell their children, how to respond to the children's questions about the changes in their routines, and how much to shelter their children from pandemic news and media. At the time, information about the "new normal" was plentiful and chaotic; families were left mostly on their own to determine how to care for the physical, social, and mental well-being of the family members. Families, already essential yet underappreciated or overlooked learning environments, became visible centers for learning as the physical boundaries between school, home, work, and community life collapsed. Indeed, the Covid-19 pandemic is a special lens through which to understand expansive family learning dynamics with respect to the experience of sense-making in the pandemic. Caregivers are mediators and brokers of learning for their children; thus, their perspectives are critical to understand as we prepare to respond to future crises. Objective This study examines how three mechanisms shaped learning about the Covid-19 pandemic in families with elementary school children from around the U.S. during the Spring of 2020. My primary research questions are: (1) What can we learn about children's information needs in times of crisis from the questions they asked of their caregivers about the Covid-19 pandemic? (2) How were families using social and media resources to learn about Covid-19, and how did these resources play into caregivers' approaches to discussing the pandemic with their children? (3) How were caregivers managing the flow of Covid-19 information in their homes with respect to their children? Methodology The data analyzed come from a larger diary study research project conducted by Dr. Brigid Barron's youthLab, documenting how 109 families with elementary school-aged children across the U.S. adapted to distance learning in the first wave of Covid-19 lockdowns. We used dscout, a cell-phone-based, multimodal, qualitative research platform, to both collect the data and recruit participants. To qualify to participate in the study, caregivers who applied to be in the study needed to have at least one child in K-5 and give IRB consent. The final participants were mostly female caregivers (67%) who had children in public schools (84%). 55% self-identified as White, and X% self-reported incomes at or below the national average of $74,000. One portion of the study asked the caregivers to reflect on how they were learning about Covid-19 with their families. I took the multimodal data that participants provided in response to our prompts about their Covid-19 learning ecologies (written responses, two-minute selfie-style videos, pictures, and answers to multiple-choice questions) and performed multiple rounds of qualitative and descriptive statistical analyses on three units of analysis. These units of analysis are aligned to the research questions above. They are: the questions caregivers reported their children asking about Covid-19, the social and media resources caregivers drew on to learn about the pandemic with their children and inform their conversations, and caregivers' perspectives on their children's information needs and their goals for how their children's experience in the pandemic. The analyses build on each other to inform holistic case analyses of six families that demonstrate how the dynamics of Covid-19 learning were playing out in the caregiver's reports of the families' engagement with information about the pandemic. Conclusions Caregivers struggled to navigate the plethora of Covid-19 information generally and find helpful "kid-friendly" explanations they felt were appropriate for younger children. The emotional impact of not only disease but also the physical and social limitations imposed by the lockdowns also appears strongly in the children's questions also indicate their position as active participants in their families' health conversation and practices, as well as the pandemic-related topics that were most pressing on their minds in May 2020. In terms of caregiver mediation and brokering, I describe the relationship between caregivers' self-perceived transparency of information with their children versus the actions they report taking to curate their children's Covid-19 learning ecologies. Importantly, sheltering children and filtering the information they hear may have implications for public health education. Additionally, examining the social and media resources that caregivers leveraged to discuss the pandemic with their children surfaced novel forms of joint-media engagement that have implications for future research on learning in media-saturated environments. Implications Taken together, the findings imply a need for a more visible, coordinated public health educational system. A multitude of design opportunities to improve the learning environment in the next crises are evident. Some of those opportunities are material - e.g., improved public health education and messaging through all modes of media - and some are social - e.g., re-establishing sources of local information that are reliable and present a (relatively) unified message. Misinformation researchers are also calling attention to the risks to public health from the media infosphere. Now more than ever, these need to be headed and interventions designed specifically with the needs and dynamics of families in mind. Family management of the infosphere will only continue to grow in relevance as the misinformation online is not regulated. To reach families and meet their diverse needs, we must understand the frameworks that guide caregivers' actions and provide roadmaps for responding to difficult or unexpected situations. These frameworks are situationally dependent and evolve as new contradictions arise. However, we have the tools to start breaking down what is important to caregivers at a deeper level than on the surface. This study presents one method of doing so and points to novel opportunities for research on learning in families coming out of the Covid-19 pandemic.
Transforming Teaching shares the successes and the problems that were solved by a diverse group of educators during the global pandemic. The shared stories from around the globe will help and inspire any teacher develop skills to support blended learning in whatever teaching situation they find themselves. Including lessons to be learned from kindergarten to University, this book introduces new ways of working and pedagogical approaches appropriate for developing global skills. It importantly focuses on teacher narratives to aid personal reflection and encourages readers to take responsibility for their own professional development. Each chapter prompts teachers to reflect and build on new skills developed through distance and blended learning, use of technology and new ways of relating to students. Responding to an educational need at a time of crisis, this book is essential reading to all who are interested in the future potential of education and those who want to shape future emerging practice.
The world continues to grapple with the profound and unprecedented impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, which by January 2021 had infected more than 90 million people worldwide and taken over 1.9 million lives. The crisis quickly mobilized action by universities, industry, and federal, state, and local governments to organize resources and networks; instigate new partnerships; adapt to changing and uncertain circumstances; and innovate solutions to mounting public health and economic challenges. The crisis has also catalyzed broader conversations about the pace of science, the agility of scientific collaboration and partnership, the importance of international scientific coordination, and the significance of the public value of science. The Government--University Industry Research Roundtable hosted a virtual workshop on October 14-16, 2020, to consider lessons learned to date about rapid response, innovation, and adaption related to COVID-19, more than 6 months into the global pandemic. The panels, discussions, and breakout sessions connected stakeholders to share how institutions have overcome barriers to accelerating research within and beyond the science community; fostered unprecedented collaboration; and tested the responsiveness and resilience of the research enterprise. The workshop built on a series of workshops held between May and August to consider the emerging challenges of the pandemic. While the long-term impacts of the pandemic on the agility and productivity of the research enterprise are not certain at this juncture, early and continuous reflection on these broad questions by a diverse array of stakeholders is important to future investigative efforts. This publication highlights the presentations of the workshop.
This book features contributions from leading experts who present peer reviewed research on how the unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic affected U.S. teachers, students, parents, teaching practices, enrolments, and institutional innovations, offering the first empirical findings exploring educational impacts likely to last for decades. The COVID-19 pandemic presented the greatest crisis in the history of U.S. schooling, with America's 50 states, thousands of school systems, and tens of thousands of private and charter schools responding in myriad ways. This book brings together peer reviewed, empirical research on how U.S. schools responded, and on the educational and health impacts likely to persist for many years. Contributors explore how the U.S. responses differed from those in other countries, with slower reopening, and both reopening and modes of instruction varying widely across states and school sectors. Compared to European countries, U.S. responses to reopening schools reflected political influences more than health or educational needs, though this was less true in market-based private and charter schools. The pandemic was a catalyst for school choice movements across the U.S. Many parents reacted to school closings by exploring alternatives to traditional public schools, including an important and likely permanent innovation, small, parent-created or "pod" schools. As the papers here detail, long term student learning loss and health and socioemotional impacts of COVID-19 closings may well last for decades. The volume concludes by exploring teacher experiences across different sectors following the pandemic. COVID-19 and Schools will be a key resource for academics, researchers, and advanced students of education, education policy and leadership, educational research, research methods, economics, sociology and psychology. The chapters included in this book were originally published as a special issue of Journal of School Choice.