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Counting Civilian Casualties aims to promote open scientific dialogue by high lighting the strengths and weaknesses of the most commonly used casualty recording and estimation techniques in an understandable format.
According to UNICEF, the number of civilian casualties in war climbed from 5 percent at the turn of the twentieth century to more than 90 percent at the end of that century. Additionally, the current war against ISIS has racked up a staggering number of civilian deaths, including children. The days when professional armies fought in contained areas are long gone, having been replaced by drone strikes, neighbors shooting at neighbors from apartment windows, and massacres in rural villages. The viewpoints in this resource examine this byproduct of modern war and explore strategies for reducing civilian casualties.
Lily Hamourtziadou’s investigation into civilian victims during the conflicts that followed the US-led coalition’s 2003 invasion of Iraq provides important new perspectives on the human cost of the War on Terror. From early fighting to the withdrawal and return of coalition troops, the Arab Spring and the rise of ISIS, the book explores the scale and causes of deaths and places them in the contexts of power struggles, US foreign policy and radicalisation. Casting fresh light on not just the conflict but international geopolitics and the history of Iraq, it constructs a unique and insightful human security approach to war.
Lily Hamourtziadou’s investigation into civilian victims during the conflicts that followed the US-led coalition’s 2003 invasion of Iraq provides important new perspectives on the human cost of the War on Terror. From early fighting to the withdrawal and return of coalition troops, the Arab Spring and the rise of ISIS, the book explores the scale and causes of deaths and places them in the contexts of power struggles, US foreign policy and radicalisation. Casting fresh light on not just the conflict but international geopolitics and the history of Iraq, it constructs a unique and insightful human security approach to war.
Americans are greatly concerned about the number of our troops killed in battle--33,000 in the Korean War; 58,000 in Vietnam; 4,500 in Iraq--and rightly so. But why are we so indifferent, often oblivious, to the far greater number of casualties suffered by those we fight and those we fight for? This is the compelling, largely unasked question John Tirman answers in The Deaths of Others. Between six and seven million people died in Korea, Vietnam, and Iraq alone, the majority of them civilians. And yet Americans devote little attention to these deaths. Other countries, however, do pay attention, and Tirman argues that if we want to understand why there is so much anti-Americanism around the world, the first place to look is how we conduct war. We understandably strive to protect our own troops, but our rules of engagement with the enemy are another matter. From atomic weapons and carpet bombing in World War II to napalm and daisy cutters in Vietnam and beyond, our weapons have killed large numbers of civilians and enemy soldiers. Americans, however, are mostly ignorant of these methods, believing that American wars are essentially just, necessary, and "good." Trenchant and passionate, The Deaths of Others forces readers to consider the tragic consequences of American military action not just for Americans, but especially for those we fight against.
Thousands of Iraqi civilians were killed or injured during the three weeks of fighting from the first air strikes on March 20 to April 9, 2003, when Baghdad fell to U.S.-led coalition forces. Human rights investigated the conduct of the war during a five-week mission in Iraq. This report documents Iraqi violations of international humanitarian law, including use of human shields, abuse of the red cross and red crescent emblems, use of antipersonnel landmines, location of military objects in protected places, and failure to take adequate precautions to protect civilians from the dangers resulting from military operations.
Media Alliance presents the full text of the article entitled "Who Will Count the Dead? U.S. Media Fail to Report Civilian Casualties in Afghanistan," by Marc W. Herold. The author discusses the number of casualties in the war in Afghanistan in the wake of the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks on the United States. Analysis of published reports shows that an average of 60 to 65 civilians have been killed per day since October 7, 2001.
A staggering new account of the civilian death toll of the world wars—and what it reveals about the true nature and cost of modern war Soldiers have never been the only casualties of wars. But the armies that fought World Wars I and II killed far more civilians than soldiers as they countenanced or deliberately inflicted civilian deaths on a mass scale. By one reputable estimate, 9.7 million civilians and 9 million combatants died in World War I, while World War II killed 25.5 million civilians and 15 million combatants. But in The Hidden Victims, Cormac Ó Gráda argues that even these shocking numbers are almost certainly too low. Carefully evaluating all the evidence available, he estimates that the wars cost not 35 million but some 65 million civilian lives—nearly two-thirds of the 100 million total killed. Indeed, he shows that war-induced famines alone may have killed 30 million people, making them the single largest cause of death. The Hidden Victims is the first book to attempt to measure and describe the full scale of civilian deaths during the world wars, from all causes, including genocide, starvation, aerial bombardment, and disease. While nations went to great lengths to record military casualties, they often didn’t count or deliberately obscured civilian deaths. Getting the numbers right is important. It reveals much about the true human costs of the wars, the nature of modern warfare, and the failure of efforts to stop civilian casualties. It also makes it possible to argue with those who try to deny, minimize, or exaggerate wartime savagery.
¿This book is no fun to read. Paul Wilson and Richard Hil are unflinching intheir determination to remind us that in amongst all the politics, the religion,the posturing, the spin and the rhetoric, there¿s one incontrovertible factabout the invasion of Iraq: it has brought violent death on a massive scale toinnocent civilians.¿columnist¿The invasion of Iraq is the greatest fiasco since Vietnam¿made worse bythe lies and censorship swirling around the Iraqi fatalities. At last a book thattells the truth!"Dr Richard Hil is Senior Lecturer in the School of Arts and Social Sciences atSouthern Cross University. He has researched and published extensively inthe areas of criminology, child and family welfare and youth justice. Dr Hil isAssociate Director of the Centre for Peace and Social Justice at SouthernCross University and Director of the Bellingen Institute.Paul Wilson is a social commentator and criminologist who is the author of25 books on crime, justice and social issues. He has been Director ofResearch at The Australian Institute of Criminology, Dean at two universitiesand is currently Chair of Criminology at Bond University, Gold Coast,Australia. Paul also co-authored (with Graeme Crowley) the investigativestudy, Who Killed Leanne? also published by Zeus in 2005.
The U.S. Department of Defense (DoD), from its most-senior leaders to military operators in the field, has expressed a strong commitment to complying with the law of war and to mitigating civilian harm for legal, moral, and strategic reasons and for reasons related to mission-effectiveness. But above and beyond its law of war obligations, DoD implements policies and procedures at multiple levels to mitigate civilian harm during armed conflict. In this report, researchers from the RAND Corporation and the Center for Naval Analyses (CNA) conduct an independent assessment of DoD standards, processes, procedures, and policies relating to civilian casualties resulting from U.S. military operations. In particular, the researchers examine DoD's efforts to assess, investigate, and respond to civilian harm, as well as DoD's resourcing and structure to address such issues. The researchers outline their findings and recommendations for how DoD can improve in these areas.