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These counterexamples deal mostly with the part of analysis known as "real variables." Covers the real number system, functions and limits, differentiation, Riemann integration, sequences, infinite series, functions of 2 variables, plane sets, more. 1962 edition.
"Designed for a one-year course in topological vector spaces, this text is geared toward beginning graduate students of mathematics. Topics include Banach space, open mapping and closed graph theorems, local convexity, duality, equicontinuity, operators,inductive limits, and compactness and barrelled spaces. Extensive tables cover theorems and counterexamples. Rich problem sections throughout the book. 1978 edition"--
This book provides an introduction to the theory of topological vector spaces, with a focus on locally convex spaces. It discusses topologies in dual pairs, culminating in the Mackey-Arens theorem, and also examines the properties of the weak topology on Banach spaces, for instance Banach’s theorem on weak*-closed subspaces on the dual of a Banach space (alias the Krein-Smulian theorem), the Eberlein-Smulian theorem, Krein’s theorem on the closed convex hull of weakly compact sets in a Banach space, and the Dunford-Pettis theorem characterising weak compactness in L1-spaces. Lastly, it addresses topics such as the locally convex final topology, with the application to test functions D(Ω) and the space of distributions, and the Krein-Milman theorem. The book adopts an “economic” approach to interesting topics, and avoids exploring all the arising side topics. Written in a concise mathematical style, it is intended primarily for advanced graduate students with a background in elementary functional analysis, but is also useful as a reference text for established mathematicians.
This new volume shows how it is possible to further develop and essentially extend the theory of operators in infinite-dimensional vector spaces, which plays an important role in mathematics, physics, information theory, and control theory. The book describes new mathematical structures, such as hypernorms, hyperseminorms, hypermetrics, semitopological vector spaces, hypernormed vector spaces, and hyperseminormed vector spaces. It develops mathematical tools for the further development of functional analysis and broadening of its applications. Exploration of semitopological vector spaces, hypernormed vector spaces, hyperseminormed vector spaces, and hypermetric vector spaces is the main topic of this book. A new direction in functional analysis, called quantum functional analysis, has been developed based on polinormed and multinormed vector spaces and linear algebras. At the same time, normed vector spaces and topological vector spaces play an important role in physics and in control theory. To make this book comprehendible for the reader and more suitable for students with some basic knowledge in mathematics, denotations and definitions of the main mathematical concepts and structures used in the book are included in the appendix, making the book useful for enhancing traditional courses of calculus for undergraduates, as well as for separate courses for graduate students. The material of Semitopological Vector Spaces: Hypernorms, Hyperseminorms and Operators is closely related to what is taught at colleges and universities. It is possible to use a definite number of statements from the book as exercises for students because their proofs are not given in the book but left for the reader.
Over 140 examples, preceded by a succinct exposition of general topology and basic terminology. Each example treated as a whole. Numerous problems and exercises correlated with examples. 1978 edition. Bibliography.
This volume is addressed to those who wish to apply the methods and results of the theory of topological algebras to a variety of disciplines, even though confronted by particular or less general forms. It may also be of interest to those who wish, from an entirely theoretical point of view, to see how far one can go beyond the classical framework of Banach algebras while still retaining substantial results.The need for such an extension of the standard theory of normed algebras has been apparent since the early days of the theory of topological algebras, most notably the locally convex ones. It is worth noticing that the previous demand was due not only to theoretical reasons, but also to potential concrete applications of the new discipline.
Fixed point theory arose from the Banach contraction principle and has been studied for a long time. Its application mostly relies on the existence of solutions to mathematical problems that are formulated from economics and engineering. After the existence of the solutions is guaranteed, the numerical methodology will be established to obtain the approximated solution. Fixed points of function depend heavily on the considered spaces that are defined using the intuitive axioms. In particular, variant metrics spaces are proposed, like a partial metric space, b-metric space, fuzzy metric space and probabilistic metric space, etc. Different spaces will result in different types of fixed point theorems. In other words, there are a lot of different types of fixed point theorems in the literature. Therefore, this Special Issue welcomes survey articles. Articles that unify the different types of fixed point theorems are also very welcome. The topics of this Special Issue include the following: Fixed point theorems in metric space Fixed point theorems in fuzzy metric space Fixed point theorems in probabilistic metric space Fixed point theorems of set-valued functions in various spaces The existence of solutions in game theory The existence of solutions for equilibrium problems The existence of solutions of differential equations The existence of solutions of integral equations Numerical methods for obtaining the approximated fixed points
These notes present a theorem on infinite matrices with values in a topological group due to P Antosik and J Mikusinski. Using the matrix theorem and classical gliding hump techniques, a number of applications to various topics in functional analysis, measure theory and sequence spaces are given. There are a number of generalizations of the classical Uniform Boundedness Principle given; in particular, using stronger notions of sequential convergence and boundedness due to Antosik and Mikusinski, versions of the Uniform Boundedness Principle and the Banach-Steinhaus Theorem are given which, in contrast to the usual versions, require no completeness or barrelledness assumptions on the domain space. Versions of Nikodym Boundedness and Convergence Theorems of measure theory, the Orlicz-Pettis Theorem on subseries convergence, generalizations of the Schur Lemma on the equivalence of weak and norm convergence in l1 and the Mazur-Orlicz Theorem on the continuity of separately continuous bilinear mappings are also given. Finally, the matrix theorems are also employed to treat a number of topics in sequence spaces.