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On the 1947 partition of India.
Studies of partitions have usually focused on individual cases. These innovative volumes use comparative analysis to fill the gap in partition studies.
This book interrogates representations – fiction, literary motifs and narratives – of the Partition of India. Delving into the writings of Khushwant Singh, Balachandra Rajan, Attia Hosain, Abdullah Hussein, Rahi Masoom Raza and Anita Desai, among many others, it highlights the modes of ‘fictive’ testimony that sought to articulate the inarticulate – the experiences of trauma and violence, of loss and longing, and of diaspora and displacement. The author discusses representational techniques and formal innovations in writing across three generations of twentieth-century writers in India and Pakistan, invoking theoretical debates on history, memory, witnessing and trauma. With a new afterword, the second edition of this volume draws attention to recent developments in Partition studies and sheds new light as regards ongoing debates about an event that still casts a shadow on contemporary South Asian society and culture. A key text, this is essential reading for scholars, researchers and students of literary criticism, South Asian studies, cultural studies and modern history.
Offering a detailed analysis of post-colonial South Asia, The Politics of Dialogue discusses the creation and impact of borders and the pervasive tension between the new nations. Neither all-out war nor complete peace, this fragile condition makes political leaders and strategists feel claustrophobic - a war produces an end result but peace allows the rulers to carry out their policies for governing along their preferred path of development. The book shows how cartographic, communal and political lines are not only dividing countries, but that they are being replicated within countries, creating new visible and invisible internal frontiers. It argues that, in a situation where geopolitics constrains democracy, the political class becomes incapable of coping with the tension between the inside/outside, eg democracy appears as an internal problem and geopolitics appears as a problem related to the 'outside'.
Five hundred years ago, Guru Nanak founded the Sikh faith in India. The Sikhs defied the caste system; rejected the authority of Hindu priests; forbade magic and idolatry; and promoted the equality of men and women -- beliefs that incurred the wrath of both Hindus and Muslims. In the centuries that followed, three of Nanak's nine successors met violent ends, and his people continued to battle hostile regimes. The conflict has raged into our own time: in 1984 the Golden Temple of Amritsar -- the holy shrine of the Sikhs--was destroyed by the Indian Army. In retaliation, Sikh bodyguards assassinated Prime Minister Indira Gandhi. Now, Patwant Singh gives us the compelling story of the Sikhs -- their origins, traditions and beliefs, and more recent history. He shows how a movement based on tenets of compassion and humaneness transformed itself, of necessity, into a community that values bravery and military prowess as well as spirituality. We learn how Gobind Singh, the tenth and last Guru, welded the Sikhs into a brotherhood, with each man bearing the surname Singh, or "Lion," and abiding by a distinctive code of dress and conduct. He tells of Banda the Brave's daring conquests, which sowed the seeds of a Sikh state, and how the enlightened ruler Ranjit Singh fulfilled this promise by founding a Sikh empire. The author examines how, through the centuries, the Sikh soldier became an exemplar of discipline and courage and explains how Sikhs -- now numbering nearly 20 million worldwide -- have come to be known for their commitment to education, their business acumen, and their enterprising spirit. Finally, Singh concludes that it would be a grave error to alienate an energetic and vital community like the Sikhs if modern India is to realize its full potential. He urges India's leaders to learn from the past and to "honour the social contract with Indians of every background and persuasion."
By the 1990s, ethnic politics had come to dominate Sindh, with calls for Karachi to become a fifth province in its right. Life After Partition examines the historical background to these developments by focusing on events in the province in the years immediately following partition, when migrants from India and local people in Sindh found themselves living alongside each other in the newly created state of Pakistan. How far they retained distinctive notions of community and identity, and what its impact was on processes of accommodation and integration forms the main focus of this study of life in Sindh between 1947 and 1962.
Violent Belongings examines transnational South Asian culture from 1947 onwards in order to offer a new, historical account of how gender and ethnicity came to determine who belonged, and how, in the postcolonial Indian nation.
India, Citizenship, and Refugee Crisis: Political History of Hatred and Sorrow examines the effects of the Partition of India in 1947. The partition as suggested by the British to satisfy the Muslims, who formed the bulk of the British Army during the 2nd world war, could not stop the communal riots but instead led to their intensification. The effects were tremendous flows of refugees, Muslims from India to Pakistan and a few non-Muslims from Pakistan to India. That refugee problem was solved in Pakistan as the flow was limited due to the protection of the Muslims granted by India, but it is still a problem in India due to inability of the Indian government to provide enough security and facility to the refugees. This book analyzes the diverse issues surrounding this political history from economic and social points of view.
Saddam Hussein sought great power and prestige in the Middle East. He had been secretly researching and developing nuclear weapons for years and he was determined to use them against Israel. He started his Middle East expansion in 1990 when he invaded Kuwait. It was obvious that Saudi Arabia would be his next target. However Saudi Arabia called in their old American and British friends who, with modern weaponry put the Iraqi military and National Guard into an embarrassing and bloody retreat. It had never been the intention of America and Britain to continue on into Iraq so Saddam was allowed to have what remained of his army. Maybe we thought that that would be the end of things but we were wrong. Saddam was hatching a devilish plan which would bring Israel, America and Britain to their knees. This story starts with three, seemingly disconnected, murders in different parts of the world and it ends with a terrible race against time in London and New York.
Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru was a major political leader of the Congress Party, a pivotal figure in the Indian independence movement and the first Prime Minister of independent India. He was also a key figure in international politics in the post-war period (in which he was considered the leader of third world interests) and the patriarch of the Nehru-Gandhi family, one of the most influential forces in Indian politics. In the 1920s, Nehru was elected president of the All India Trade Unions Congress. He and Subhash Chandra Bose had become the most prominent youth leaders, and both demanded outright political independence of India. He would take office as the Prime Minister of India on August 15, and delivered his inaugural address titled “A Tryst With Destiny:” The book will prove an informative and most useful asset for students, scholars and teachers in this field. CONTENTS • Introduction • Nehru : The Maker of Independence India • Economic Policy of Congress • Foreign Policy of Nehru • Nehru, Jinnah and Patel • Nehru's Views on the Pursuit and peace • Nehru Writing on Indian State • Nehru and National Planning Committee