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This book summarizes scholarly achievements of the author by confronting two descriptive models of linguistic research. Against the background of a language-centered view dealing with its external conditionings in the life of nations and nationalities the author puts forward a human-centered conception of grammar which focuses on the ecosystem of communicating individuals who aggregate into interpersonal and intersubjective groupings for the realization of common tasks. Such a grammar manifests itself in linguistic-communicational properties of people through changeable practices of meaning-creation and stabilizing patterns of meaning-interpretation: firstly, when they create observable relationships while transmitting and receiving the meaning-bearers, and, secondly, when they contribute to the formation of assumable associations while coding and decoding the meanings to the approximately similar extent.
Human beings have an intrinsic need to be with people who are similar to themselves. This is because they share the same ways of doing things, the same values, and function according similar rules. When one is with people who tend to be similar, human behavior is normalized, and one’s actions appear to be in accordance with those exhibited by others in one’s social circle. However, sometimes it becomes apparent that the situation is somewhat more complex. When this happens, one realizes that the issues that have been taken for granted about human interaction are not necessarily the same for everyone. This book elucidates what happens in the processes of communication when people from different cultural backgrounds experience other cultures. Emphasis is also given to the issue of interaction between people from various cultures. The book highlights the aspects that are recognized to posit difficulties in conveying messages from one culture to another. The notions of schemata, frames, scenarios and cultural scripts are outlined. The third part of the book examines some principles of critical discourse analysis, including, for instance, socio-political attitude, as well as concentrating on the notion of power relations of groups, legitimated by text as well as speech. This part also describes the concept of persuasion, as well as persuasive communication. The fourth part of the book is analytic. Attention is given to various discourses one encounters in everyday life and to the examination of various kinds of discourse, including for instance, complimenting, as well as political, discourse. As such, this book provides a new point of view for linguists as well as those interested in communication practice. The empirical part of the book will help shed some light on dilemmas people may be obliged to face in their career, and should be especially useful to students of intercultural communication.
This collection of essays is devoted to the diversity of the conceptual and terminological definitions of the notion of the “absolute”. Absolute comprises both the concepts of the Western world related to God and the verbal constructions flowing from these ideas in the spheres of law, philosophy, linguistics, politics, medicine, literature, and arts. Over time, absolute and its neologisms have undergone various modifications, assuming the associated characteristics of syntactic ambiguity and inflation. Absolute can imply an increase in the degree of a quality attached to some object or phenomenon and can be used as either an adverbial modifier or a proper noun. In its appearances as a procedural term, absolute mostly conveys a negative connotation when evaluating some action. The question posed in this book is not what absolute is, but what possibilities exist with regard to perceiving and conceptualizing it in human terms, both historically and in the present.
Gregory Bateson was a philosopher, anthropologist, photographer, naturalist, and poet, as well as the husband and collaborator of Margaret Mead. This classic anthology of his major work includes a new Foreword by his daughter, Mary Katherine Bateson. 5 line drawings.
This book introduces the conceptual frameworks of coping and conformity to provide a new analysis of the ethical and political demands of international life. The book also aims to address wider issues of freedom and necessity, individualism and communitarianism and cosmopolitanism, agency and structure, and the legitimacy of governance and institutions
This book revisits and updates the concept of linguistic ecology, outlining applications to a variety of contact situations worldwide.
Literacy remains a contentious and polarized educational, media and political issue. What has emerged from the continuing debate is a recognition that literacy in education is allied closely with matters of language and culture, ideology and discourse, knowledge and power. Drawing perspectives variously from critical social theory and cultural studies, poststructuralism and feminisms, sociolinguistics and the ethnography of communication, social history and comparative education, the contributors begin a critical interrogation of taken-for-granted assumptions which have guided educational policy, research and practice.
Learning by Design and Second Language Teaching establishes theoretical, research, and practice connections between the multiliteracies framework Learning by Design and L2 teaching and learning. A comprehensive introductory chapter presents the theoretical tenets of the approach and is followed by four chapters devoted to the establishment of connections between the framework and L2 instruction, information on evidence-based pedagogical practices and suggestions for their implementation, and task examples that can be adapted for use in a variety of educational contexts. Each chapter links theory and research to practical steps instructors can take to select authentic materials and create tasks in each of the framework’s knowledge processes with the objective of developing L2 students’ performance in the interpersonal (speaking), interpretive (reading and listening), and presentational (writing) modes of communication. A selection of guidance charts, figures, templates, and extra digital resources are included within the text to support learning and teaching. The book will be of interest to graduate students and in-service and future L2 teachers in all levels of instruction. Chapter 1, Chapter 2 and Chapter 3 of this book are freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com.
As the field of linguistics and language education expands and evolves, scholars and practitioners are encountering a multitude of challenges. Complex research methodologies, ethical considerations, and technological advancements create hurdles to contributors in the field. Moreover, the interdisciplinary nature of applied linguistics provides a diverse array of approaches and techniques, often leading to confusion and uncertainty about the most appropriate methods to employ. The book Considerations and Techniques for Applied Linguistics and Language Education Research provides definitive solutions to these challenges. By analyzing current practices and concepts in research methods, this book equips scholars and practitioners with the necessary tools and insights to navigate the complexities of applied linguistics research. From qualitative and quantitative approaches to cutting-edge techniques like artificial intelligence and corpus analysis, each chapter provides invaluable guidance for conducting rigorous and impactful research.
In today's world – despite the dramatic anthropogenic environmental changes – a proper understanding of the relationship between humanity and nature requires a certain detachment. The pressing problems in their whole extent will only be fully understood and solved with comprehensive and patient analysis. Accordingly, this book develops new perspectives on fundamental questions of biology, ecology, and the economy, integrated within a framework of a terminology specially devised by the authors. By illuminating the epistemological backgrounds of ecological-economic research, the authors lay foundations for interdisciplinary environmental research and offer guidelines for practical action. In close contact to the findings of present-day biology and economics, they demonstrate the fruitfulness as well as the shortcomings of modern science for the understanding of the proper place of humankind in nature. Many of the book's central concepts are rooted in a tradition whose origins go back to European philosophy and literature of the 17th Century. Frequently current problems in the fields of economics, ecology, politics, philosophy and biology are discussed in a kind of "dialogue" with thinkers and poets like Bacon, Quesnay, Kant, Goethe and Novalis. This approach of the book, known in Continental European Philosophy as hermeneutics, offers a ‘map’, rather than marking out a specific course. On the other hand, the book offers traits of the Anglo-Saxon tradition of thought: a precise, analytical approach to theory and a pragmatic approach to action. Both approaches are used by the authors complementarily. Thus the authors lay the foundations for an ecological economical and political practice which is able to tackle concrete environmental problems on an encompassing and long-term basis. This translated volume will be of great use and interest to students of ecology, economics and in particular environmental education, sustainable development and environmental ethics.