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Computers tend to be very good at repetition and very bad at interpretation. People, on the other hand, are poor at repetition, because we can get bored or distracted. We are, however, excellent at interpretation, if we have the proper information. Basic GIS Coordinates is about providing some of the critical information needed to understand coordinate systems and effectively interpret GIS technology. GIS is emerging in all facets of business and government at an incredible rate; GIS and mapping professionals must have a clear understanding of coordinate systems. Basic GIS Coordinates explains how coordinates tie the real world to its electronic image in the computer. It is about understanding how these systems work, and how they sometimes don't work. It examines how points that are expected to be in one location are in reality somewhere completely different, even when the computer has done everything exactly as it was told. Basic GIS Coordinates explains the progression of ideas that are the foundation of coordinate systems without overwhelming you with supporting mathematics. It is a user-friendly study for those who need to apply GIS technology and resulting coordinates. From the basics of coordinate systems to specific practical examples, this book covers GIS coordinates without pages of complicated math; yet it is not oversimplified. This volume analyzes state plane coordinates, UTM coordinates, and the rectangular system in a concise format. To help you apply the information, each chapter concludes with review questions and answers.
Two-part treatment begins with discussions of coordinates of points on a line, coordinates of points in a plane, and coordinates of points in space. Part two examines geometry as an aid to calculation and peculiarities of four-dimensional space. Abundance of ingenious problems — includes solutions, answers, and hints. 1967 edition.
Logan West and Emma James grew up together but are now high school seniors going in totally opposite directions after graduation. When they are assigned to work together on one last history project, they hardly expect the monotony of high school life to change. Instead, as they decode a series of unexplained clues hidden within their history project itself, Logan and Emma manage to unfold an ancient mystery that has baffled scientists and archeologists, one with powerful implications for the present day. As they embrace the adventure they've stumbled upon, and a growing romantic attraction to each other, Logan and Emma find themselves caught up in a dangerous, high-stakes race across the globe to decipher mankind's past in order to save humanity's future, not to mention their very own lives, with a mystery that just might reach towards the stars...
A comprehensive consolidation of data for the world, this book gives a short precis of each nation, each nation’s history, its topography and a chronology of the development of geodetic surveying and coordinate systems for that specific nation. This book is a starting point of information for understanding the world’s datums and grids. Based on the details available for each nation, the reader is given an overall view that can answer questions regarding the sources of spatial information available, their limitations, and the critical things to be aware. The topographic maps compiled over the centuries represent the mixes of technology specifically to that nation. The book provides information and clues regarding existing maps and how those maps and coordinate systems were created. Features Provides concise history of the foundations of each country’s geodetic Datums Includes coordinates of every known geodetic Datum Origin in the world Explains transformation parameters from native Datums to WGS84 for many countries Offers Grid parameters for most of the native Grid Systems of the world Provides guidance on Grid System math models specific to individual countries This book is intended for readers that have a solid foundation in cartography and mapping sciences such as graduate students with an interest in these subjects, as well as land surveyors, geodesists, mineral exploration professionals, cartographers, GIS specialists, remote sensing professionals, military intelligence specialists, as well as archeologists, biblical scholars, cadastral researchers, diplomats of boundary treaties, and technical professionals travelling to every foreign country in the world that intends to use local paper maps.
The need for improved mathematics education at the high school and college levels has never been more apparent than in the 1990s. As early as the 1960s, I. M. Gel'fand and his colleagues in the USSR thought hard about this same question and developed a style for presenting basic mathematics in a clear and simple form that engaged the curiosity and intellectual interest of thousands of high school and college students. These same ideas, this same content, unchanged by over thirty years of experience and mathematical development, are available in the present books to any student who is willing to read, to be stimulated and to learn. "The Method of Coordinates" is a way of transferring geometric images into formulas, a method for describing pictures by numbers and letters denoting constants and variables. It is fundamental to the study of calculus and other mathematical topics. Teachers of mathematics will find here a fresh understanding of the subject and a valuable path to the training of students in mathematical concepts and skills.
This is one book that can genuinely be said to be straight from the horse’s mouth. Written by the originator of the technique, it examines parallel coordinates as the leading methodology for multidimensional visualization. Starting from geometric foundations, this is the first systematic and rigorous exposition of the methodology's mathematical and algorithmic components. It covers, among many others, the visualization of multidimensional lines, minimum distances, planes, hyperplanes, and clusters of "near" planes. The last chapter explains in a non-technical way the methodology's application to visual and automatic data mining. The principles of the latter, along with guidelines, strategies and algorithms are illustrated in detail on real high-dimensional datasets.
Flux Coordinates and Magnetic Field Structure gives a systematic and rigorous presentation of the mathematical framework and principles underlying the description of magnetically confined fusion plasmas. After a brief treatment of vector algebra in curvilinear coordinate systems the book introduces concepts such as flux surfaces, rotational transforms, and magnetic differential equations. The various specific types of coordinate system are dealt with in detail. Researchers and advanced students in plasma physics, electromagnetics, and mathematical physics will greatly benefit from this useful guide and reference book.