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In an introductory chapter and six speeches the former Vice-President of Indonesia stresses the importance of the formation of co-operatives. The speeches are directed to Indonesians, and in them the author expresses his view that co-operatives are the only way to build the national economy. The tables in the book give evidence as to how much the co-operative movement has grown, despite the tremendous handicaps of lack of capital, lack of experience, lack of leadership, and the general poverty of the people! Hatta envisions a classless society in which every man is both worker and manager in his co-operative, and he sees capitalistic enterprises as only temporary necessities in Indonesia-to do those jobs too big for the small co-operatives but not large enough to be government projects. This work should prove to be thought-provoking for economists and all who are interested in Indonesia's future.
Boundary disputes in the South China Sea have been a long-standing threat to peace and security in East and Southeast Asia. Without agreed definition of boundaries, provisional arrangements to develop resources in the disputed area have become the favored, and most effective, solution. Therefore, joint development between various countries has taken place in the form of ad hoc arrangements with the goal of achieving positive outcomes for all parties involved. Incorporating insights from ten authors from six countries (Brunei, China, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Vietnam), this book provides a comprehensive analysis of the incentives and policies to joint development in the South China Sea disputes. The authors also discuss the bottlenecks and proposed policy options. The authors ease doubts over joint development in South China Sea disputes and shed light on creative ways to promote cooperation. The book is a key reference for students and scholars in politics and international relations, Asian Studies, and maritime law.
This work is unique, since it is the first comprehensive bibliography on Indonesian Law listing materials in various languages, including Russian, Japanese and Chinese. The bibliography is divided into various fields of law and each chapter starts with an introduction on the related field. The growing (economic) importance of Indonesia and the increasing trade relations with this country call for an instrument on how to find the law in Indonesia. This bibliography will fill this gap as it includes all material on Indonesian law in a non-Indonesian language which has been published since 1949.
Center for Political Studies, Indonesian Institute of Science (P2P LIPI) and Chung Hua Institution for Economic Research (CIER) have been undertaking joint study on Indonesia-Taiwan economic and trade relations since 2011. from the first year of the joint study, the research teams have explored several potential sectors that Indonesia and Taiwan could develop in a more beneficial economic framework, such and agriculture, SMEs, human resource development, electronics and automotive. It is common that in any economic transaction, each party will try to get as much as possible benefits. Although, in reality, different conditions will produce different advantages. This situation is also reflected in the case of Indonesia and Taiwan economic and trade relations, in which Taiwan seems to gain more benefits and opportunities rather than Indonesia, because of its high economic performance, advanced technology, and good quality of human resources. P2P LIPI continues the project in 2012 under the focus on “Feasibility study of ECA between Indonesia and Taiwan” by using two methodologies (or tools). First, Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) is to analyze the impact of ECA in the general equilibrium and the aggregated level. Second, Single Market Partial Equilibrium Simulation Tool (SMART) is to analyze impact the ECA in the partial equilibrium and disaggregated level. The Feasibility study covers two mean aspects: (1) potential impacts of ECA Indonesia and Taiwan’s trade relations. (2) potential regulatory cooperation between the two economics entities under the scheme of ECA. To deal with the asymmetric positions between Indonesia and Taiwan, government, civil society and private sector must have the same knowledge and understanding on how to reduce the gaps. This study has also shown a fruitful economic and trade relations between Indonesia Taiwan, although there are some conditions that need to be considered. First, since Indonesia has no diplomatic ties with Taiwan, the process of ECA will be much more difficult. The preparational stage will be the most important part to negotiate any policy an single commodity in details, including environmental factor. This is primarily to reduce negative impact from Taiwan’s FDI in Indonesia. Indonesia must pay more attention in the domestic priorities (trade and investment) that must be negotiated carefully in the context of ECA. This has to be the focus of the Indonesia’s government policies. Economic growth has to be parallel with the distribution of income. Second, Indonesia generally earns minimum benefits from the ongoing FTAs. Therefore, ECA has to be constructed for producing more economic advantages for Indonesia. The most possible scenario under ECA is be strengthening the “Private to Private” (P to P) or “Business to Business” (B to B) ties. The political reality remains that China has taken different political treatment to Taiwan. In the regional context, ASEAN also respects to the One China Policy, although Taiwan has its own interpretation about the policy. In the context of ECFA (Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement), China and Taiwan, have different interpretations about ECFA.
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Programs to improve the performance of micro and small enterprises (MSEs) through clustering is now becoming the design of industrial and innovation policies which is implemented by policy makers in Indonesia. There has been a common perception that clusters are able to encourage entrepreneurship, learning, and productivity improvements for MSEs more effectively. This common perception, however, should be further explored whether clustered MSEs successfully obtain "collective efficiency" from clusters or they even suffer from "collective failure". This book is an attempt to reveal such issues of MSEs clustering by presenting a case study on small industrial clusters in Central Java which is well known as the "heartland" of MSEs operate in clusters. While supporting programs are persistently introduced to such clusters, in fact, to obtain "the collective efficiency of clustering" is not so easy. Unfair competition accompanied by ineffective cooperation might be factors that cause to clustered MSEs failed to gain the benefit of clustering.