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"The book includes introductions, terminology and biographical notes, bibliography, and an index and glossary" --from book jacket.
During the time from June 28-July 1, 1978, representatives of different branches of geometry met in Siegen for discussion of and reports on current problems. In particular, the survey lectures, presented by well known geometers, gave nonspecialists the welcome opportunity to learn about the questions posed, the methods used and the results obtained in different areas of the field of geometry. The research areas represented at the meeting in Siegen are reflected in the list of participants and their contributions: Ranging from geometric convexity and related topics to differential geometry and kinematics. The foundations of geometry, an area well established in Germany, was also represented. It is a pleasure to thank all the lecturers as well as other participants in the Geometry Symposium for their contribution to the success of the meeting. We also thank the "Minister fUr Wissenschaft und Forschung des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen" and the University of Siegen for their generous support which helped make the Symposium so successful. In order to make the contributions and results of the Symposium accessible to the general public, the publication of a proceedings volume was planned. The idea was to give a summary of a wide spectrum of research in geometr- through survey articles and original research papers.
The present volume provides a fascinating overview of geometrical ideas and perceptions from the earliest cultures to the mathematical and artistic concepts of the 20th century. It is the English translation of the 3rd edition of the well-received German book “5000 Jahre Geometrie,” in which geometry is presented as a chain of developments in cultural history and their interaction with architecture, the visual arts, philosophy, science and engineering. Geometry originated in the ancient cultures along the Indus and Nile Rivers and in Mesopotamia, experiencing its first “Golden Age” in Ancient Greece. Inspired by the Greek mathematics, a new germ of geometry blossomed in the Islamic civilizations. Through the Oriental influence on Spain, this knowledge later spread to Western Europe. Here, as part of the medieval Quadrivium, the understanding of geometry was deepened, leading to a revival during the Renaissance. Together with parallel achievements in India, China, Japan and the ancient American cultures, the European approaches formed the ideas and branches of geometry we know in the modern age: coordinate methods, analytical geometry, descriptive and projective geometry in the 17th an 18th centuries, axiom systems, geometry as a theory with multiple structures and geometry in computer sciences in the 19th and 20th centuries. Each chapter of the book starts with a table of key historical and cultural dates and ends with a summary of essential contents of geometr y in the respective era. Compelling examples invite the reader to further explore the problems of geometry in ancient and modern times. The book will appeal to mathematicians interested in Geometry and to all readers with an interest in cultural history. From letters to the authors for the German language edition I hope it gets a translation, as there is no comparable work. Prof. J. Grattan-Guinness (Middlesex University London) "Five Thousand Years of Geometry" - I think it is the most handsome book I have ever seen from Springer and the inclusion of so many color plates really improves its appearance dramatically! Prof. J.W. Dauben (City University of New York) An excellent book in every respect. The authors have successfully combined the history of geometry with the general development of culture and history. ... The graphic design is also excellent. Prof. Z. Nádenik (Czech Technical University in Prague)
Ptolemy's Almagest is one of the most influential scientific works in history. A masterpiece of technical exposition, it was the basic textbook of astronomy for more than a thousand years, and still is the main source for our knowledge of ancient astronomy. This translation, based on the standard Greek text of Heiberg, makes the work accessible to English readers in an intelligible and reliable form. It contains numerous corrections derived from medieval Arabic translations and extensive footnotes that take account of the great progress in understanding the work made in this century, due to the discovery of Babylonian records and other researches. It is designed to stand by itself as an interpretation of the original, but it will also be useful as an aid to reading the Greek text.
In Contributions to Automorphic Forms, Geometry, and Number Theory, Haruzo Hida, Dinakar Ramakrishnan, and Freydoon Shahidi bring together a distinguished group of experts to explore automorphic forms, principally via the associated L-functions, representation theory, and geometry. Because these themes are at the cutting edge of a central area of modern mathematics, and are related to the philosophical base of Wiles' proof of Fermat's last theorem, this book will be of interest to working mathematicians and students alike. Never previously published, the contributions to this volume expose the reader to a host of difficult and thought-provoking problems. Each of the extraordinary and noteworthy mathematicians in this volume makes a unique contribution to a field that is currently seeing explosive growth. New and powerful results are being proved, radically and continually changing the field's make up. Contributions to Automorphic Forms, Geometry, and Number Theory will likely lead to vital interaction among researchers and also help prepare students and other young mathematicians to enter this exciting area of pure mathematics. Contributors: Jeffrey Adams, Jeffrey D. Adler, James Arthur, Don Blasius, Siegfried Boecherer, Daniel Bump, William Casselmann, Laurent Clozel, James Cogdell, Laurence Corwin, Solomon Friedberg, Masaaki Furusawa, Benedict Gross, Thomas Hales, Joseph Harris, Michael Harris, Jeffrey Hoffstein, Hervé Jacquet, Dihua Jiang, Nicholas Katz, Henry Kim, Victor Kreiman, Stephen Kudla, Philip Kutzko, V. Lakshmibai, Robert Langlands, Erez Lapid, Ilya Piatetski-Shapiro, Dipendra Prasad, Stephen Rallis, Dinakar Ramakrishnan, Paul Sally, Freydoon Shahidi, Peter Sarnak, Rainer Schulze-Pillot, Joseph Shalika, David Soudry, Ramin Takloo-Bigash, Yuri Tschinkel, Emmanuel Ullmo, Marie-France Vignéras, Jean-Loup Waldspurger.
This book offers a unique opportunity to understand the essence of one of the great thinkers of western civilization. A guided reading of Euclid's Elements leads to a critical discussion and rigorous modern treatment of Euclid's geometry and its more recent descendants, with complete proofs. Topics include the introduction of coordinates, the theory of area, history of the parallel postulate, the various non-Euclidean geometries, and the regular and semi-regular polyhedra.
This book is a geometrical survey of the Sanskrit and Prakrt scientific and quasi-scientific literature of India, beginning with the Vedic literature and ending with the early part of the 17th century. It deals in detail with the Sulbasutras in the Vedic literature, with the mathematical parts of Jaina Canonical works and of the Hindu Siddhantas and with the contributions to geometry made by the astronomer mathematicians Aryabhata I & II, Sripati, Bhaskara I & II, Sangamagrama Madhava, Paramesvara, Nilakantha, his disciples and a host of others. The works of the mathematicians Mahavira, Sridhara and Narayana Pandita and the Bakshali Manuscript have also been studied. The work seeks to explode the theory that the Indian mathematical genius was predominantly algebraic and computational and that it eschewed proofs and rationales. There was a school in India which delighted to demonstrate even algebraical results geometrically. In their search for a sufficiently good approximation for the value of pie Indian mathematicians had discovered the tool of integration. Which they used equally effectively for finding the surface area and volume of a sphere and in other fields. This discovery of integration was the sequel of the inextricable blending of geometry and series mathematics.
Preface of the Editors Ce volume prend sa source dans le Colloque en l'honneur de Pierre Dolbeault, organise a l'occasion de son depart a la retraite, a !'initiative des Universites de Paris 6 et de Poitiers. Ce colloque, consacre a l' Analyse Complexe et a la Geometrie Analytique, s'est tenu a Paris, sur le campus de l'Universite Pierreet Marie Curie, du 23 au 26 Juin 1992.11 areuni autour de ces themes une centaine de congressistes, dont de nombreux mathematiciens etrangers (Allemagne, Argentine, Canada, Etats-Unis, Islande, Italie, Pologne, Roumanie, Russie, Suede). Nous avons souhaite prolanger cet hommage par la publication d'un volume dedie a Pierre Dolbeault. Le present recueil d'articles ne constitue pas strictement les actes du Colloque. Nous avons voulu qu'il rassemble uniquement des articles originaux ou synthetiques, qui illustrent l' ceuvre scientifique de Pierre Dolbeault a travers les themes abordes ou la personnalite de leurs auteurs. Nous remercions les conferenciers qui ont bien voulu contribuer a cet ouvrage, et Klas Diederich de l'avoir accueilli dans la collection "Aspects of Mathematics" qu'il dirige. Au nom du Comite d'Organisation du Colloque (C. Laurent-Thiebaut, J. Le Potier, J.B. Poly, J.P. Vigue et nous-memes), nous remercions les institutions qui nous ont apporte leur aide financiere et materielle: les Universites Paris 6 et de Poitiers, la Direction de la Recherche et des Etudes Doctorales, le Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et le Ministere de la Recherche et de la Technologie.
A Fields medalist recounts his lifelong effort to uncover the geometric shape—the Calabi-Yau manifold—that may store the hidden dimensions of our universe. Harvard geometer Shing-Tung Yau has provided a mathematical foundation for string theory, offered new insights into black holes, and mathematically demonstrated the stability of our universe. In this autobiography, Yau reflects on his improbable journey to becoming one of the world’s most distinguished mathematicians. Beginning with an impoverished childhood in China and Hong Kong, Yau takes readers through his doctoral studies at Berkeley during the height of the Vietnam War protests, his Fields Medal–winning proof of the Calabi conjecture, his return to China, and his pioneering work in geometric analysis. This new branch of geometry, which Yau built up with his friends and colleagues, has paved the way for solutions to several important and previously intransigent problems. With complicated ideas explained for a broad audience, this book offers not only insights into the life of an eminent mathematician, but also an accessible way to understand advanced and highly abstract concepts in mathematics and theoretical physics. “The remarkable story of one of the world’s most accomplished mathematicians . . . Yau’s personal journey—from escaping China as a youngster, leading a gang outside Hong Kong, becoming captivated by mathematics, to making breakthroughs that thrust him on the world stage—inspires us all with humankind’s irrepressible spirit of discovery.” —Brian Greene, New York Times–bestselling author of The Elegant Universe “An unexpectedly intimate look into a highly accomplished man, his colleagues and friends, the development of a new field of geometric analysis, and a glimpse into a truly uncommon mind.” —The Boston Globe “Engaging, eminently readable. . . . For those with a taste for elegant and largely jargon-free explanations of mathematics, The Shape of a Life promises hours of rewarding reading.” —American Scientist
Alfred Tarski (1901–1983) was a renowned Polish/American mathematician, a giant of the twentieth century, who helped establish the foundations of geometry, set theory, model theory, algebraic logic and universal algebra. Throughout his career, he taught mathematics and logic at universities and sometimes in secondary schools. Many of his writings before 1939 were in Polish and remained inaccessible to most mathematicians and historians until now. This self-contained book focuses on Tarski’s early contributions to geometry and mathematics education, including the famous Banach–Tarski paradoxical decomposition of a sphere as well as high-school mathematical topics and pedagogy. These themes are significant since Tarski’s later research on geometry and its foundations stemmed in part from his early employment as a high-school mathematics teacher and teacher-trainer. The book contains careful translations and much newly uncovered social background of these works written during Tarski’s years in Poland. Alfred Tarski: Early Work in Poland serves the mathematical, educational, philosophical and historical communities by publishing Tarski’s early writings in a broadly accessible form, providing background from archival work in Poland and updating Tarski’s bibliography. A list of errata can be found on the author Smith’s personal webpage.