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Contract farming and other forms of vertical integration are among the most potent forces in our agriculture today. Integration may vitally affect the role of farmers in our agricultural economy by shifting to others their responsibilities as managers. Farmers themselves can largely determine the extent to which their management decisions are controlled by other firms. If farmers continually seek to improve their production and marketing methods and the quality of their products, there will be less need for contract farming.
The ninth edition of "Marketing of Agricultural Products" contains completely updated content, tables, figures, and references including the 1997 Census of Agriculture and Business, as well as Trade data, and U.S. Department of Agriculture studies. It blends marketing and economic theory with real world analytical tools to assist readers in better understanding the food system and making profitable marketing decisions. This edition includes increased treatment of food value-adding and marketing management, including advertising, new product development, sales promotion, pricing, and logistics. For farmers, consumers, or those in food marketing.
Nowadays, agricultural-food system has been experiencing major changes which are driven mainly by recent developments in consumer preferences and attitudes, technological improvements, food safety issues and related regulations. The advanced agro-food sec
Wracked by poverty, famine, and drought, Africa is typically represented as agriculturally stagnant, backward, and crisis-prone. Living Under Contract, however, highlights the dynamic, changing character of sub-Saharan agrarian systems by focusing on contract farming. A relatively new and increasingly widespread way of organizing peasant agriculture, contract farming promotes production of a wide variety of crops--from flowers to cocoa, from fresh vegetables to rice--under contract to agribusinesses, exporters, and processers. The proliferation of African growers producing under contract is in fact part of broader changes in the global agro-food system. In this examination of agricultural restructuring and its effect upon various African societies, editors Peter Little and Michael Watts bring together anthropologists, economists, geographers, political scientists, and sociologists to explore the origins, forms, and consequences of contract production in several African countries, particularly Kenya, the Gambia, Zimbabwe, and the Ivory Coast. Documenting how contract production links farmers, agribusiness, and the state, the contributors examine problematic aspects of this method of agrarian reform. Their case studies, based on long-term field work and analysis on the village and household level, chart the complex effects of contract production on the organization of work and the labor process, rural inequality, gender relations, labor markets, local accumulation strategies, and regional development. Living Under Contract reveals that contract farming represents a distinctive form in which African growers are incorporated into national and world markets. Contract production, which has been a central feature of the agricultural landscape in the advanced capitalist states, is an emerging strategy for "capturing peasants" and for confronting the agrarian question in the late twentieth century.