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This volume is a rigorous cross-disciplinary theoretical treatment of electromechanical and magnetomechanical interactions in elastic solids. Using the modern style of continuum thermomechanics (but without excessive formalism) it starts from basic principles of mechanics and electromagnetism, and goes on to unify these two fields in a common framework. It treats linear and nonlinear static and dynamic problems in a variety of elastic solids such as piezoelectrics, electricity conductors, ferromagnets, ferroelectrics, ionic crystals and ceramics. Chapters 1-3 are introductory, describing the essential properties of electromagnetic solids, the essentials of the thermomechanics of continua, and the general equations that govern the electrodynamics of nonlinear continua in the nonrelativistic framework (e.g. Maxwell's equations, the fundamental balance laws of continuum mechanics, basic thermodynamical inequalities for electromagnetic continua, jump relations for studying the propagation of shock waves, nonlinear constitutive equations for large classes of materials).The remainder of the text presents in detail special cases, applications, solved problems, and more complex schemes of electromagnetic matter. Chapters 4 and 5 examine material schemes whose description relies on the above-mentioned equations. Chapters 6 and 7 are more advanced, reporting on recent progress in the field.Suitable for graduate teaching, the volume will also be useful to research workers and engineers in the field of electromagnetomechanical interactions, and to those interested in the basic principles, mathematical developments and applications of electroelasticity and magnetoelasticity in a variety of solid materials, such as crystals, polycrystals, compounds and alloys.
The mechanics of electromagnetic materials and structures has been developing rapidly with extensive applications in, e. g. , electronics industry, nuclear engineering, and smart materials and structures. Researchers in this interdisciplinary field are with diverse background and motivation. The Symposium on the Mechanics of Electromagnetic Materials and Structures of the Fourth International Conference on Nonlinear Mechanics in Shanghai, China in August 13-16, 2002 provided an opportunity for an intimate gathering of researchers and exchange of ideas. This volume contains papers based on most of the presentations at the symposium, and articles from a few invited contributors. These papers reflect some of the recent activities in the mechanics of electromagnetic materials and structures. The first twelve papers are in the order in which they were listed in the program of the conference. These are followed by six invited papers in alphabetical order of the last names of the first authors. We would like to extend our sincere thanks to Professor David Y. Gao of Virginia Tech for suggesting the symposium, and to the authors for their time and effort invested in preparing their manuscripts. We are also grateful to Professor Daining Fang of Tsinghua University for co-chairing the symposium with J. S. Yang. Our special thanks belong to Kluwer for preparing this book for publication. J. S. Yang G. A. Maugin PIEZOELECTRIC VIBRATORY GYROSCOPES J. S.
The electrodynamics of continua is a branch ofthe physical sciences concerned with the interaction of electromagnetic fields with deformable bodies. De formable bodies are considered to be continua endowed with continuous distributions of mass and charge. The theory of electromagnetic continua is concerned with the determination of deformations, motions, stress, and elec tromagnetic fields developed in bodies upon the applications of external loads. External loads may be of mechanical origin (e.g., forces, couples, constraints placed on the surface of the body, and initial and boundary conditions arising from thermal and other changes) and/or electromagnetic origin (e.g., electric, magnetic, and current fields). Because bodies of different constitutions respond to external stimuli in a different way, it is imperative to characterize properly the response functions relevant to a given class of continua. This is done by means of the constitutive theory. For example, an elastic dielectric responds to electromagnetic fields in a totally different way than a magnetic fluid. The present book is intended to present a unified approach to the subject matter, based on the principles of contemporary continuum physics.
Continuum Physics, Volume II: Continuum Mechanics of Single-Substance Bodies discusses the continuum mechanics of bodies constituted by a single substance, providing a thorough and precise presentation of exact theories that have evolved during the past years. This book consists of three parts—basic principles, constitutive equations for simple materials, and methods of solution. Part I of this publication is devoted to a discussion of basic principles irrespective of material geometry and constitution that are valid for all kinds of substances, including composites. The geometrical notions, kinematics, balance laws, and thermodynamics of continua are also deliberated. Part II focuses on materials consisting of a single substance, followed by a general theory of constitutive equations and special types of bodies. The thermoelastic solids, thermoviscous fluids, and memory-dependent materials are likewise considered. Part III is devoted to a discussion of a variety of nonlinear and linear problems, as well as nonlinear deformations of elastic solids, viscometric fluids, singular surfaces and waves, and complex function technique. This volume is a good source for researchers and students conducting work on the continuum mechanics of single-substance bodies.
Continuum Mechanics of Solids is an introductory text for graduate students in the many branches of engineering, covering the basics of kinematics, equilibrium, and material response. As an introductory book, most of the emphasis is upon the kinematically linear theories of elasticity, plasticity, and viscoelasticity, with two additional chapters devoted to topics in finite elasticity. Further chapters cover topics in fracture and fatigue and coupled field problems, such as thermoelasticity, chemoelasticity, poroelasticity, and piezoelectricity. There is ample material for a two semester course, or by selecting only topics of interest for a one-semester offering. The text includes numerous examples to aid the student. A companion text with over 180 fully worked problems is also available.
Nonlocal continuum field theories are concerned with material bodies whose behavior at any interior point depends on the state of all other points in the body -- rather than only on an effective field resulting from these points -- in addition to its own state and the state of some calculable external field. Nonlocal field theory extends classical field theory by describing the responses of points within the medium by functionals rather than functions (the "constitutive relations" of classical field theory). Such considerations are already well known in solid-state physics, where the nonlocal interactions between the atoms are prevalent in determining the properties of the material. The tools developed for crystalline materials, however, do not lend themselves to analyzing amorphous materials, or materials in which imperfections are a major part of the structure. Nonlocal continuum theories, by contrast, can describe these materials faithfully at scales down to the lattice parameter. This book presents a unified approach to field theories for elastic solids, viscous fluids, and heat-conducting electromagnetic solids and fluids that include nonlocal effects in both space and time (memory effects). The solutions to the field equations agree remarkably well with atomic theories and experimental observations.
This book introduces field theory as required in solid and fluid mechanics as well as in electromagnetism. It includes the necessary applied mathematical framework of tensor algebra and tensor calculus, using an inductive approach particularly suited to beginners. It is geared toward undergraduate classes in continuum theory for engineers in general, and more specifically to courses in continuum mechanics. Students will gain a sound basic understanding of the subject as well as the ability to solve engineering problems by applying the general laws of nature in terms of the balances for mass, momentum, and energy in combination with material-specific relations in terms of constitutive equations, thus learning how to use the theory in practice for themselves. This is facilitated by numerous examples and problems provided throughout the text.
This book offers a broad overview of the potential of continuum mechanics to describe a wide range of macroscopic phenomena in real-world problems. Building on the fundamentals presented in the authors’ previous book, Continuum Mechanics using Mathematica®, this new work explores interesting models of continuum mechanics, with an emphasis on exploring the flexibility of their applications in a wide variety of fields.
The mechanics of electromagnetic materials and structures has been developing rapidly with extensive applications in, e. g. , electronics industry, nuclear engineering, and smart materials and structures. Researchers in this interdisciplinary field are with diverse background and motivation. The Symposium on the Mechanics of Electromagnetic Materials and Structures of the Fourth International Conference on Nonlinear Mechanics in Shanghai, China in August 13-16, 2002 provided an opportunity for an intimate gathering of researchers and exchange of ideas. This volume contains papers based on most of the presentations at the symposium, and articles from a few invited contributors. These papers reflect some of the recent activities in the mechanics of electromagnetic materials and structures. The first twelve papers are in the order in which they were listed in the program of the conference. These are followed by six invited papers in alphabetical order of the last names of the first authors. We would like to extend our sincere thanks to Professor David Y. Gao of Virginia Tech for suggesting the symposium, and to the authors for their time and effort invested in preparing their manuscripts. We are also grateful to Professor Daining Fang of Tsinghua University for co-chairing the symposium with J. S. Yang. Our special thanks belong to Kluwer for preparing this book for publication. J. S. Yang G. A. Maugin PIEZOELECTRIC VIBRATORY GYROSCOPES J. S.
This overview of the development of continuum mechanics throughout the twentieth century is unique and ambitious. Utilizing a historical perspective, it combines an exposition on the technical progress made in the field and a marked interest in the role played by remarkable individuals and scientific schools and institutions on a rapidly evolving social background. It underlines the newly raised technical questions and their answers, and the ongoing reflections on the bases of continuum mechanics associated, or in competition, with other branches of the physical sciences, including thermodynamics. The emphasis is placed on the development of a more realistic modeling of deformable solids and the exploitation of new mathematical tools. The book presents a balanced appraisal of advances made in various parts of the world. The author contributes his technical expertise, personal recollections, and international experience to this general overview, which is very informative albeit concise.