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Contexts of Subordination: Cognitive, typological and discourse perspectives is a collection of articles that approaches linguistic subordination as a semantico-grammatical and pragmatic phenomenon. The volume brings together cognitive, interactional and typological perspectives, and is characterised by extensive use of multi-genre data. The collection aims at a more precise understanding of subordination by emphasizing its pragmatic and contextual nature. Subordination and its linguistic realizations are studied from the perspective of language in its actual contexts of use, as an interactional resource available to language users, in both written and spoken language. In addition, the authors produce typologically relevant information about subordination in the different varieties and genres of the studied languages (English, Estonian, Finnish, and French). These qualities make the book unique in the field of subordination studies.
The papers collected in this volume (including a comprehensive introduction) investigate semantic and discourse-related aspects of subordination and coordination, in particular the relationship between subordination/coordination at the sentence level and subordination/coordination – or hierarchical/non-hierarchical organization – at the discourse level. The contributions in part I are concerned with central theoretical questions; part II consists of corpus-based cross-linguistic studies of clause combining and discourse structure, involving at least two of the languages English, German, Dutch, French and Norwegian; part III contains papers addressing specific – predominantly semantic – topics relating to German, English or French; and the papers in part IV approach the topic of subordination, coordination and rhetorical relations from a diachronic (Old Indic and Early Germanic) perspective. The book aims to contribute to a better understanding of information packaging on the sentence and text level related, within a particular language as well as cross-linguistically.
The articles in this volume examine the notion of clausal subordination based on English, Estonian, Finnish, French, German and Japanese conversational data. Some of the articles approach ‘subordination’ in terms of social action, taking into account what participants are doing with their talk, considering topics such as the use of clauses as projector phrases and as devices for organizing the participant structure of the conversation. Other articles focus on the emergence of clause combinations diachronically and synchronically, taking on topics such as the grammaticalization of clauses and conjunctions into discourse markers, and the continuum nature of syntactic subordination. In all of the articles, linguistic forms are considered to be emergent from recurrent practices engaged in by participants in conversation. The contributions critically examine central syntactic notions in interclausal relations and their relevance to the description of clause combining in conversational language, to the structure of conversation, and to the interactional functions of language.
This volume presents the first comprehensive analysis of the phenomenon of (in)subordination in Post-Classical Greek (III BCE - VI AD) from a modern linguistic perspective. The contributions provide new findings into the syntax of the Post-Classical Greek sentence along four main dimensions. First, several studies investigate the diachrony of insubordinate and co-subordinate clause structures, both in Post-Classical Greek and the history of Greek more generally. Second, contributions demarcate the influence of language contact on the continuity and change of clausal strategies. Third, the diverse syntactic and pragmatic factors involved in different types of finite and non-finite subordination are detailed. Fourth, the phenomenon of subordination as found in specific text types and collections is contextualized, incorporating insights from historical sociolinguistics. This book aims to be of a reference point not only to Greek scholars working on the Post-classical period and the specific corpora addressed in the volume, but also to general linguists interested in the syntax of (in)subordination and the application of modern linguistic approaches to historical languages.
Fragen der Koordination und der Subordination stehen seit langer Zeit im Fokus sprachwissenschaftlicher Forschung. Während in den 70er und auch noch in den 80er Jahren die Analyse der als kanonisch zu bezeichnenden Fälle im Vordergrund stand, drängten sich in den letzten 30 Jahren vor allem Grenzfälle wie weil-V2-Sätze, abhängige V2-Sätze, selbständige und weiterführende VL-Sätze etc. in das Zentrum des Interesses. Die Beiträge zum vorliegenden Band bauen auf den Erkenntnissen dieser Arbeiten auf, ergänzen sie aber systematisch um eine breit angelegte Diskussion typologischer, diachroner und erwerbstheoretischer Aspekte. Ein weiteres zentrales Anliegen der Arbeiten besteht darin,die theoretischen Konzepte zur Modellierung relevanter Strukturbedeutungen (z.B. V2) zu präzisieren. Linguistic research has focussed on issues related to coordination and subordination for a long time. Whereas in the 1970s and 1980s, the main concern was the analysis of canonical clause structure, the interest shifted towards non-canonical phenomena such as weil-verb-second-clauses, dependent verb-second-clauses, independent and continuative verb-final clauses etc. The contributions to this issue build on findings of these studies, at the same time systematically adding a broad discussion of typological, diachronic and acquisition-related aspects. A further central concern of the studies is to make precise theoretical concepts of modelling the semantics of relevant structural configurations, such as verb-second.
Subordination presents a survey of some of the most important ideas developed within feminism since the 1970s. Among the central themes addressed are: the origins of women’s subordination; the private/public split; the nature and the role of domestic labour; the impact of psychoanalysis on feminist theory; the relationship between the State and women’s subordination. One of the book’s purposes is to draw together strands of thought and debate often kept separate. Throughout, the major theoretical developments in Britain, the United States and Australia are reviewed within a comparative perspective. Consistently, the focus of attention is on how, and how far, theorists in these countries have been able to point to ways of explaining the changing but enduring nature of sexual inequalities.
"Superiority and Subordination as Subject-Matter of Sociology" is an essay by the German Sociologist, philosopher and critic, Georg Simmel. In it, he shows that domination does not lie in the unilateral imposition of the superordinate's will upon the subordinate but that it involves reciprocal action. What appears to be the exercise of absolute power by some and the acquiescence by others is deceptive. Power "conceals an interaction, an exchange . . . . which transforms the pure one-sidedness of superordination and subordination into a sociological form." Thus, the superordinate's action cannot be understood without reference to the subordinate, and vice versa. The action of one can only be analyzed by reference to the action of others, since the two are part of a system of interaction that constrains both.
The series is a platform for contributions of all kinds to this rapidly developing field. General problems are studied from the perspective of individual languages, language families, language groups, or language samples. Conclusions are the result of a deepened study of empirical data. Special emphasis is given to little-known languages, whose analysis may shed new light on long-standing problems in general linguistics.