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Bihar is a typical example of a backward political economy although it has the potential enough to be one of the front runners if the political management is given priority over the casteist political brinkmanship. It is abysmally underdeveloped having the largest share of illiterate and under-fed poor people living in subhuman habitats. Political Parties here are out to exploit the caste and communal factors around to pursue their brand of politics at the cost of the development of the state. This study attempts to focus on this neglected issue of Bihar politics as far as possible. The children of the early 1990s are grown up voters now. They are being conscious of their identity as also the class dynamics that was prevented to be unleashed so long. People are beginning to be disgruntled with the lack of roads, agro-based industries and electricity that prevented development and thus job creation in the state. It is doubtful whether the ruling parties would be able to rise to the occasion in the casteist landholder dominated state. The book attempts to address this problem. If the political economy is unattended for further long any combination of political forces that come to power would fail Bihar again. Old ideas in pragmatic shape are to be tried to contain the explosion of expectations of the newly conscious people particularly the younger lot. To explore methods for changing the economy of development in Bihar constitutes one of the objectives of the book. It may be useful for scholars, researchers and policy makers having interest in political economy of the state.
Highlights the changing population scenario during the last ninety years in a developing region of India. It embodies relevant information about characteristics of population in Madhya Pradesh, viz., growth trends, age and gender composition, literacy rate, and occupational structure in the first half of the book while the population-resource relationship, and regionalisation of population have been discussed in the second half. A separate chapter has been devoted to the comparative analysis of population trends in the developing and the developed world.
This volume grew out of a panel on Indian state politics presented at the thirty-sixth Annual Meeting of the Association for Asian Studies in Washington, D.C., on March 24, 1984. Brass, Kohli, Manor and Wood gave papers and Church served as discussant; subsequently, Blair, who chaired the panel, and Lele and Varkey generously offered to participate as well. All of the papers were revised and edited speedily in order to take advantage of Westview Press' rapid publication and distribution through the Replica Edition process.
Written Indian history begins in sixth century bc with the history of Magadh (present day states of Jharkhand and Bihar). For almost a millennium Magadh dominated Indian history. The situation changed when Islamicized Turks entered India. The Mughals who followed the Turks ensured Bihar's economic prosperity; Patna became the most important centre of Himalayan trade. European Companies visited Patna to obtain a variety of goods, local as well as Himalayan. In the mid-eighteenth century Bihar and Bengal fell into the hands of Englishmen. A new chapter began. At the turn of the nineteenth century, Industrial Revolution began in Britain. The East India Company stopped trading in textiles. Instead, they promoted cotton cultivation in order that cotton was available to British textile factories. They promoted cultivation of indigo, needed by the textile manufacturing factories coming up. Land revenue source of the government's prime income, was collected even when agricultural output suffered massively. The government took deep interest in opium production but paid the cultivators less than the market price. British interference in agricultural matters caused wide spread agrarian distress. Indian society encountered many socio-religious reform movements. Raja Rammohun Roy and Swami Dayanand were major proponents of the new order. Stress was laid on gender equality, women empowerment and the modern system of education. Institutions for training doctors, engineers and scientists were opened. As time progressed, by and large, Biharis accepted the changes. Eventually social reform movements turned into the freedom movement in which Biharis played a leading role. This comprehensive volume is indispensable for scholars working on Bihar and modern and medieval South Asia. Please note: Taylor & Francis does not sell or distribute the Hardback in India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka
One of the most troubling critiques of contemporary democracy is the inability of representative governments to regulate the deluge of money in politics. If it is impossible to conceive of democracies without elections, it is equally impractical to imagine elections without money. Costs of Democracy is an exhaustive, ground-breaking study of money in Indian politics that opens readers’ eyes to the opaque and enigmatic ways in which money flows through the political veins of the world’s largest democracy. Through original, in-depth investigation—drawing from extensive fieldwork on political campaigns, pioneering surveys, and innovative data analysis—the contributors in this volume uncover the institutional and regulatory contexts governing the torrent of money in politics; the sources of political finance; the reasons for such large spending; and how money flows, influences, and interacts with different tiers of government. The book raises uncomfortable questions about whether the flood of money risks washing away electoral democracy itself.
Against the background of the duality in development, this book focuses on structural deficiencies for a steady growth rate, and how to make growth inclusive. It analyses the Indian economy and other developing countries in the twenty-first century.