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First published in 1997, this edited volume emerged in response to Zambia’s recent reinstatement of multiparty democracy and its ensuing economic, social policy and public administrative reform. Following the establishment of the single party state under the United National Independence Party in 1972, a severe decline in the price of copper (Zambia’s principle export) resulted in high national debt and increasing riots. This volume situates itself in response to the transition from the UNIP to the Movement for Multiparty Democracy (MMD), seeing it as a verdict delivered by the people. Its authors aim to explore the causes of this verdict through areas such as financial innovation, land policy, the health industry and universities. They thoroughly examine the attempts and potential pitfalls of the reform programme as well as its impact on Zambian society. The general conclusion reached by the contributors to this volume is that while the reform programme is a necessary condition for economic rebirth its details require careful consideration in order to ensure it has the desired socio-economic impact on the people of Zambia. This should also serve as an important example to other countries embarking on similar programmes of reform.
This title analyses the implementation of political and economic liberalisation in Zambia during the first two electin periods (1991 - 2001).
This volume analyzes the ways in which natural resource wealth has shaped authoritarian political regimes and statist economic systems in the countries of southern Africa in the post-colonial period. It consists of five essays. The first sets out the historical framework and emergence of natural resources as the crucial driver of economies in sub-Saharan Africa. Three essays, drawing on in-country research, focus on Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe. They show how this explains the economic evolution of those countries - in particular, the impacts of economic and institutional changes on the bulk of the population, the rural poor. The final essay explores the nature of the changes and their neoliberal economic context, and the ways in which their harmful consequences might be relieved.
This book is designed to explore the following,challenges and imperatives for African countries,in the twenty-first century: liberalisation of,commercial and industrial activities in a,deliberate effort to make them the preserve of the,private sector, generation of an appropriate,industrial and trade strategy, nurturing,technological development, redressing the debt,burden, curbing industrial strife, protection of,the fragile natural environment, and,reconsideration of the size and functions of,government.
Over the past two decades, the percentage of the world’s population living on less than a dollar a day has been cut in half. How much of that improvement is because of—or in spite of—globalization? While anti-globalization activists mount loud critiques and the media report breathlessly on globalization’s perils and promises, economists have largely remained silent, in part because of an entrenched institutional divide between those who study poverty and those who study trade and finance. Globalization and Poverty bridges that gap, bringing together experts on both international trade and poverty to provide a detailed view of the effects of globalization on the poor in developing nations, answering such questions as: Do lower import tariffs improve the lives of the poor? Has increased financial integration led to more or less poverty? How have the poor fared during various currency crises? Does food aid hurt or help the poor? Poverty, the contributors show here, has been used as a popular and convenient catchphrase by parties on both sides of the globalization debate to further their respective arguments. Globalization and Poverty provides the more nuanced understanding necessary to move that debate beyond the slogans.
Renowned for its international coverage and rigorous selection procedures, this series provides the most comprehensive and scholarly bibliographic service available in the social sciences. Arranged by topic and indexed by author, subject and place-name, each bibliography lists and annotates the most important works published in its field during the year of 1997, including hard-to-locate journal articles. Each volume also includes a complete list of the periodicals consulted.
First published in 1999, this volume responds to the recent application of Local Economic Development around the world and examines its impact in South Africa in the wake of the nation’s recent political transition. Etienne Louis Nel observes how the initiative is taking on a dual form of community-led and authority-led initiatives. Nel explores the issue through areas including South Africa’s space economy, a case study of Stuttenheim and local economic development in East London.
Published in 1999, the main aim of this text is to examine the nature of professional control, medical practice and the state of health services in a post-colonial state and the medical profession in Zimbabwe since 1980. The text reviews the theories of professions and professional control and medical practice, it concludes by examining the nature of the Zimbabwean state. The chapter on methodology highlights some of the ethical dilemmas of carrying out research in developing countries. The book then goes on to review health services and policies of both the colonial and post-colonial governments in Zimbabwe. Three chapters discuss the nature of medical practice and the constraints encountered by doctors in their work, the terms and conditions of service under which doctors work, and the nature of medical regulation of education, licensing and discipline including issues such as malpractice and litigation. Throughout the book, comparisons are made with situations in other countries, both developed and developing, and the main conclusions of the book are that medical doctors in Zimbabwe have minimal administrative restrictions on the type of treatment which they can carry out but the unavailability and breakdown of essential equipment, shortages of essential drugs and staff limit the doctors' autonomy to carry out the treatment that they consider necessary.
Zambia, the butterfly-shaped, central African country has a population of about 11 million people, and as other Sub-Saharan African countries, has been trying to democratize since the early 1990s. Clearly, though, the promise of political reform did not fulfill the expectations of the public, and with about 60 percent of the population living below the poverty line, many Zambians are no longer confident that more open political systems can improve their lives. But the problem may not be inherent in the political process itself, and could be found more in the apparent disconnection between people’s needs and the way the country’s affairs are run. It is with respect to these and related issues that this book emphasizes the crucial relationship between education and political participation, and specifically highlights citizenship education as essential for Zambia’s social development. Social development, which should comprise, inter alia, the economic, political, and cultural wellbeing of societies can be enhanced by citizenship education, which focuses on elevating people’s understanding of their rights and responsibilities vis-à -vis government institutions, structures and functions. Indeed, it is the centrality of the political component in people’s lives, especially its relationship with public policy and public programs that should underline the important role of citizenship education. In describing these issues, the book analyzes the role of the media, women’s groups and youth in enhancing the political, educational, and by extension, the economic lives of the Zambian people. The book should interest students and scholars of Zambian (as well as African) education, politics, and social development. It should also be useful for policy makers, institutional managers and both public and para-public leaders in Zambia and elsewhere in the continent.
First published in 1999, this study of the politics of education in Cameroon, the Congo and Kenya presents arresting empirical evidence that urban elites exiting public sector educational systems they have dominated in favour of private school networks of their own creation. Seeking to enhance their offspring’s chances for survival and even domination in a world of scarce resources and limited opportunities for employment, elites see private schools as tools to shape newly emerging civil societies in Africa in their own image. From a theoretical perspective, the fresh evidence presented here shows that schooling has once again become a major social force influencing the balance of state and society in modern Africa. Re-examining an older political tradition of class analysis and integrating it into more recent civil society perspectives, the author shows that the abandonment of the unreliable education services of dysfunctional African states in favour of private schools has profound consequences for class articulation in societies dividing, once again, according to educational opportunities.