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The few models on safety management that are available tend to explain a procedure to manage safety rather than a safety management system. The research carried out here, however, models safety management by transforming a common procedural model (i.e. the HSE's model, 1997) into a functional systems representation. The overall goal of the model is to offer clear graphic lines of influence of its different components on organisational safety. The model is innovative not in the components that it considers but in the representation of those components, which details relative distances between elements and, therefore, opens doors to model-driven hypotheses which account for those distances. Therefore, hypotheses are more accurate in their predictions. This model is firstly explored in the construction sector. Results from this exploratory research support the adequacy of the model to understanding safety management and encourage future research of a more confirmatory nature.
The construction industry has a distressingly poor safety record, whether measured in absolute terms or alongside other industries. The level of construction safety in a country is influenced by factors such as variations in the labour forces, shifting economies, insurance rates, legal ramifications and the stage of technological development. Yet the problem is a world-wide one, and many of the ways of tackling it can be applied across countries. Effective tools include designing, preplanning, training, management commitment and the development of a safety culture. The introduction and operation of effective safety management systems represents a viable way forwards, but these systems are all too rarely implemented. How can this be done? Should we go back to prescriptive legislation? This book considers these questions by drawing together leading-edge research papers from the proceedings of an international conference conducted by a commission (W099) on Safety and Health on Construction Sites of CIB, the international council of building research organisations.
Designing safety into every facet of your construction organizationisn t just sensible, it s also profitable.... Featuring provensafety management methods gathered from fifteen years or researchat Stanford University and used by the most successful constructionmanagers in the industry, Construction Safety Management is acomprehensive blueprint for CEOs, job-site managers, foremen,safety professionals, and owners on safely managing constructionwork at every level and phase of a project. Incorporating thesemanagement practices and policies into a practical format ofreal-life case studies and summary action steps, this new updatedSecond Edition offers each member of the construction managementteam specific advice on effectively upgrading an organization stotal safety performance, including: * Building a corporate culture of zero accidents * Planning for high project performance * Establishing accountability for safety * Eliminating drugs and alcohol from the job site * Maintaining a communications safety net * Achieving the dual goal of safety and productivity * Maintaining effective crews * Measuring safety performance * Monitoring contractors for safety This new edition also reviews key requirements of the ComprehensiveSafety and Health Reform Act of 1993 and discusses the potential ofemerging management techniques and computing technologies forconstruction safety management, including Total Quality Management,partnering, robotics, automated process control, artificialintelligence, and expert systems. "The Second Edition is even better than the first. The informationis timely but what s even more important, the techniques work!"Raymond Hays, Director Environmental Safety and Health/QA RUSTConstruction Services "The detailed guidance provided throughout the book will enable allsegments and levels of the construction industry to increaseproductivity." Jim E. Lapping Director, Safety and Health Buildingand Construction Trades Department AFL-CIO
This book addresses an increasingly important area in the construction industry. Case studies are used extensively to illustrate important points and refer to current successful safety management techniques.
Although the construction and engineering sector makes important contributions to the economic, social, and environmental objectives of a nation, it has a notorious reputation for being an unsafe industry in which to work. Despite the fact that safety performance in the industry has improved, injuries and fatalities still occur frequently. To address this, the industry needs to evolve further by integrating safety into all decision making processes. Strategic Safety Management in Construction and Engineering takes a broad view of safety from a strategic decision making and management perspective with a particular focus on the need to balance and integrate ‘science’ and ‘art’ when implementing safety management. The principles covered here include the economics of safety, safety climate and culture, skills for safety, safety training and learning, safety in design, risk management, building information modelling, and safety research methods and the research-practice nexus. They are integrated into a strategic safety management framework which comprises strategy development, implementation, and evaluation. Practical techniques are included to apply the principles in the context of the construction and engineering industry and projects. Case studies are also provided to demonstrate the localised context and applications of the principles and techniques in practice.
A comprehensive overview of all aspects of construction safety, including standards and regulations, for major infrastructure and construction projects of all types. Construction Safety: Health, Practices, and OSHA covers key elements of construction safety across all types of construction. In-depth coverage includes safety principles, precautions necessary with the use of specific materials, protections for various types of construction, detailed explanations of Activity Hazard Analyses (AHA) and Job Hazard Analysis (JHA), and compliance with OSHA regulations. The book contains theoretical materials and detailed explanations with photos, tables, diagrams and sketches. At the end of each chapter there are multiple choice and fill-in-the-blanks questions typical of those found in various national exams and OSHA construction safety training exam as well as practice problems and critical-thinking questions. Coverage includes: Personal Protective and Life Saving Equipment Activity Hazard Analysis (AHA) and Job Hazard Analysis (JHA). Toxic and Hazardous Substances Concrete, Masonry, Steel, and Wood Construction Underground Construction, Caissons, Cofferdams, and Compressed Air Blasting and fires Electric Power Transmission and Distribution Mechanized Equipment, Scaffold, Materials Handling and Transportation Promoting Safety and Preventing Violence
Safety has traditionally been defined as a condition where the number of adverse outcomes was as low as possible (Safety-I). From a Safety-I perspective, the purpose of safety management is to make sure that the number of accidents and incidents is kept as low as possible, or as low as is reasonably practicable. This means that safety management must start from the manifestations of the absence of safety and that - paradoxically - safety is measured by counting the number of cases where it fails rather than by the number of cases where it succeeds. This unavoidably leads to a reactive approach based on responding to what goes wrong or what is identified as a risk - as something that could go wrong. Focusing on what goes right, rather than on what goes wrong, changes the definition of safety from ’avoiding that something goes wrong’ to ’ensuring that everything goes right’. More precisely, Safety-II is the ability to succeed under varying conditions, so that the number of intended and acceptable outcomes is as high as possible. From a Safety-II perspective, the purpose of safety management is to ensure that as much as possible goes right, in the sense that everyday work achieves its objectives. This means that safety is managed by what it achieves (successes, things that go right), and that likewise it is measured by counting the number of cases where things go right. In order to do this, safety management cannot only be reactive, it must also be proactive. But it must be proactive with regard to how actions succeed, to everyday acceptable performance, rather than with regard to how they can fail, as traditional risk analysis does. This book analyses and explains the principles behind both approaches and uses this to consider the past and future of safety management practices. The analysis makes use of common examples and cases from domains such as aviation, nuclear power production, process management and health care. The final chapters explain the theoret
This report recommends that the Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement (BSEE) take a holistic approach to evaluating the effectiveness offshore oil and the Safety and Environmental Management Systems (SEMS) programs of gas industry operators. According to the report, this approach should, at a minimum, include inspections, audits by the operator and BSEE, key performance indicators, and a whistleblower program. SEMS is a safety management system (SMS) aimed at shifting from a completely prescriptive regulatory approach to one that is proactive, risk based, and goal oriented in an attempt to improve safety and reduce the likelihood that events similar to the April 2010 Macondo incident will reoccur. According to the committee that produced the report, it is not possible for a regulator to create a culture of safety in an organization by inspection or audit; that culture needs to come from within the organization. To be successful, the tenets of SEMS must be fully acknowledged and accepted by workers, motivated from the top, and supported throughout the organization and must drive worker actions. The report also notes that BSEE can encourage and aid industry in development of a culture of safety by the way it measures and enforces SEMS. The committee believes BSEE should seize this opportunity to make a step change in safety culture by adopting a goal based holistic approach to evaluating the effectiveness of SEMS programs. In recommending a holistic approach to evaluating the effectiveness of SEMS programs, the report explores in detail the role of SEMS in helping to develop a culture of safety, highlights the pros and cons of various methods of assessing the effectiveness of a SEMS program, and investigates existing approaches for assessing the SMS programs of various U.S. and international regulatory agencies whose safety mandates are similar to that of BSEE.
The construction industry has not had a good record on health and safety and faces tough legal and financial penalties for breaches of the law. This book provides a unique resource for all those who construct or procure the construction of projects of all sizes and in all countries and for clients who need to keep abreast of their own and their contractors' responsibilities. It gives practical guidance on best practice, including: measuring performance and recording information developing a safety policy and method statements assessing risk training and understanding people the basics of the construction/environment interface The book addresses several topics not found in other reference works, discussing techniques of health and safety and basic environmental management as applied to the industry. It uniquely provides 50 quick reference guides setting out solutions to common problems. These include falls, manual and mechanical handling, work with asbestos and noise. It also summarises the main UK legal requirements on construction safety and health and includes a number of useful checklists and model forms. Written by a very experienced health and safety practitioner, who is also author of the highly successful IOSH book Principles of Health and Safety at Work, this book will be welcomed by all responsible for health and safety. It will also provide an excellent text for the NEBOSH (National Examination Board in Occupational Safety and Health) Construction Safety and Health national certificate.
A world-renowned panel of researchers and professionals in the field of construction management has compiled their best thinking on a range of subjects of interest to everyone in the field. The following articles were prepared for the Rinker Lecture Series sponsored by the University of Florida. * Safety Program for Volunteer-Based Construction Projects, Boyd C. Paulson Jr. * Incurring the Costs of Injuries versus Investing in Safety, Jimmie Hinze * Scheduling for Construction Safety. Richard J. Coble, Brent R. Elliott, and Michael Adair Human Factors in Construction Safety-Management Issues, Steve Rowlinson * Innovative Fall Protection for Construction Workers on Low-Rise Roofs, Amarjit Singh * Safety and Health Teambuilding, John Smallwood and Theo C. Haupt * Implications of the Relationship Between Construction Quality and Safety, Kent Davis * Designing for Safety, John A. Gmbatese * An Owner Looks at Safety, Ronald W. Sykes, Tan Qu, and Richard J. Coble * Health Consequences of Working in Construction, Marie Haring Sweeney, David Fosbroke, Linda M. Goldenhar, Larry L, Jackson, Kenneth Linch, Boris D. Lushniak, Carol Merry, Scott Schneider, and Mark Stephenso