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This paper analyzes the legal foundations of central bank digital currency (CBDC) under central bank and monetary law. Absent strong legal foundations, the issuance of CBDC poses legal, financial and reputational risks for central banks. While the appropriate design of the legal framework will up to a degree depend on the design features of the CBDC, some general conclusions can be made. First, most central bank laws do not currently authorize the issuance of CBDC to the general public. Second, from a monetary law perspective, it is not evident that “currency” status can be attributed to CBDC. While the central bank law issue can be solved through rather straithforward law reform, the monetary law issue poses fundmental legal policy challenges.
In 1791, The First Bank of the United States was a financial innovation proposed and supported by Alexander Hamilton, the first Secretary of the Treasury. Establishment of the bank was part of a three-part expansion of federal fiscal and monetary power, along with a federal mint and excise taxes. Hamilton believed that a national bank was necessary to stabilize and improve the nation's credit, and to improve financial order, clarity, and precedence of the United States government under the newly enacted Constitution. Alexander Hamilton (1755-1804) was a founding father of the United States, one of the most influential interpreters and promoters of the Constitution, the founder of the American financial system, and the founder of the Federalist Party. As the first Secretary of the Treasury, Hamilton was the primary author of the economic policies for George Washington’s administration. Hamilton took the lead in the funding of the states’ debts by the federal government, the establishment of a national bank, and forming friendly trade relations with Britain. He led the Federalist Party, created largely in support of his views; he was opposed by the Democratic Republican Party, led by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison, which despised Britain and feared that Hamilton’s policies of a strong central government would weaken the American commitment to Republicanism.
This book analyzes nine Supreme Court decisions that dealt primarily with money, monetary events, and monetary policy, from McCulloch v. Maryland in 1819 to the Gold Clause Cases in 1934-35. In doing so, it explains how both the gold standard and central bank work, how the former gave way to the latter, and how the Federal Reserve became unconstitutional.
"The book contains a collection of articles on the European Union and the European System of Central Banks (ESCB), the Eurosystem, monetary law, central bank independence and central bank statutes as well as on financial law. The authors are current or former members of the Legal Committee of the ESCB (LEGCO). This book commemorates ten years of work by the Working Group of Legal Experts of the European Monetary Institute and by the LEGCO. It is dedicated to Mr Paolo Zamboni Garavelli, former Head of the Legal Department at the Banca d'Italia and member of LEGCO, who died in 2004."--Editor.
Provides an in-depth overview of the Federal Reserve System, including information about monetary policy and the economy, the Federal Reserve in the international sphere, supervision and regulation, consumer and community affairs and services offered by Reserve Banks. Contains several appendixes, including a brief explanation of Federal Reserve regulations, a glossary of terms, and a list of additional publications.
Tucker presents guiding principles for ensuring that central bankers and other unelected policymakers remain stewards of the common good.
An “intriguing plan” addressing shadow banking, regulation, and the continuing quest for financial stability (Financial Times). Years have passed since the world experienced one of the worst financial crises in history, and while countless experts have analyzed it, many central questions remain unanswered. Should money creation be considered a “public” or “private” activity—or both? What do we mean by, and want from, financial stability? What role should regulation play? How would we design our monetary institutions if we could start from scratch? In The Money Problem, Morgan Ricks addresses these questions and more, offering a practical yet elegant blueprint for a modernized system of money and banking—one that, crucially, can be accomplished through incremental changes to the United States’ current system. He brings a critical, missing dimension to the ongoing debates over financial stability policy, arguing that the issue is primarily one of monetary system design. The Money Problem offers a way to mitigate the risk of catastrophic panic in the future, and it will expand the financial reform conversation in the United States and abroad. “Highly recommended.” —Choice
Musaicum Books presents to you a meticulously edited Lysander Spooner collection. This ebook has been designed and formatted to the highest digital standards and adjusted for readability on all devices. Contents: Political Works No Treason, No. I No Treason. No II - The Constitution No Treason. No VI - The Constitution of No Authority Vices are Not Crimes: A Vindication of Moral Liberty No. 1. Revolution Natural Law; or the Science of Justice A Letter to Thomas F. Bayard A Letter to Grover Cleveland Writings on Economics: Poverty: Its Illegal Causes and Legal Cure A New System of Paper Currency Our Mechanical Industry as Affected by our Present Currency System Considerations for Bankers, and Holders of United States Bonds A New Banking System: The Needful Capital for Rebuilding the Burnt District Our Financiers: Their Ignorance, Usurpations, and Frauds The Law of Prices Gold and Silver as Standards of Value: The Flagrant Cheat in Regard to Them Universal Wealth Shown to be Easily Attainable Law & Constitution : "To the Members of the Legislature of Massachusetts." Worcester Republican Supreme Court of United States, January Term, 1839. Spooner vs. M'Connell, et al. Constitutional Law Relative to Credit, Currency, and Banking The Unconstitutionality of the Laws of Congress, Prohibiting Private Mails Illegality of the Trial of John W. Webster An Essay on the Trial by Jury The Law of Intellectual Property Articles of Association of the Spooner Copyright Company for Massachusetts A Letter to Scientist and Inventors, on the Science of Justice, and their Right of Perpetual Property in their Discoveries and Inventions Works on Religion: The Deist's Immortality, and an Essay on Man's Accountability for his Belief The Deist's Reply to the Alleged Supernatural Evidences of Christianity Works on Slavery and Abolition: A Defence for Fugitive Slaves A Plan for the Abolition of Slavery Address of the Free Constitutionalists to the People of the United States The Unconstitutionality of Slavery