Download Free Concepts Of Decentralization And Local Governance Enid Slack Institute On Municipal Finance And Governance Book in PDF and EPUB Free Download. You can read online Concepts Of Decentralization And Local Governance Enid Slack Institute On Municipal Finance And Governance and write the review.

Slide 1 Concepts of Decentralization and Local Governance Enid Slack Institute on Municipal Finance and Governance Munk School of Global Affairs, University of Toronto to Inter-Regional Dialogue on Local Governance and Gender in Decentralizing and Transitioning States Sponsored by the Forum of Federations Funded by the Government of Canada Tunis February 14, 2014 Introduction Decentralization is. [...] South Asia) Failure of central governments to provide effective public services 7 Benefits of Decentralization Efficiency from moving government closer to the people; services reflect local preferences Greater accountability Increased responsiveness on the part of local governments who are responsible to the people who elected them Improved service delivery Increased local participatio. [...] access to water, health care, housing) - Gender budgeting to ensure spending on services to women is maintained 26 What is the Role of Women in Decentralization? Different approaches - More likely to include women and incorporate citizen input - More likely to emphasize communication - More likely to perceive themselves as "facilitators" - Place a higher value on compromise 27 What is the Impact. [...] health, primary schools, low-cost water and sanitation services) Benefit from increased accountability at local level Decentralization provides more "access points" for local participation 28 What is the Impact of Decentralization on Women? Women have greater affinity for "politics where we live" and engaging in policy issues that affect them and their families (e.g. [...] schools) Political parties have been reluctant to run female candidates; local politics is often non- partisan 29 What is the Impact of Decentralization on Women? Local elections generally have lower campaign costs; smaller financial hurdles for women Less arduous time and travel commitments Gain valuable experience; increase chances of being elected at the national level Create higher c.
Slide 1 Decentralization and Gender Equity Enid Slack Institute on Municipal Finance and Governance Munk School of Global Affairs, University of Toronto to Inter-Regional Dialogue on Local Governance and Gender in Decentralizing and Transitioning States Sponsored by the Forum of Federations Funded by the Government of Canada Tunis December 18, 2013 Introduction Decentralization is a way to bring. [...] South Asia) Failure of central governments to provide effective public services 8 Benefits of Decentralization Efficiency from moving government closer to the people; services reflect local preferences Greater accountability Increased responsiveness on the part of local governments who are responsible to the people who elected them Improved service delivery Increased local participatio. [...] South Africa, Uganda) 25 What is the Role of Women in Decentralization? Different approaches - More likely to include women and incorporate citizen input - More likely to emphasize communication - More likely to perceive themselves as "facilitators" - Place a higher value on compromise 26 What is the Impact of Decentralization on Women? Benefit from service delivery improvements that governmen. [...] health, primary schools, low-cost water and sanitation services) Benefit from increased accountability at local level Decentralization provides more "access points" for local participation 27 What is the Impact of Decentralization on Women? Women have greater affinity for "politics where we live" and engaging in policy issues that affect them and their families (e.g. [...] schools) Political parties have been reluctant to run female candidates; local politics is often non- partisan 28 What is the Impact of Decentralization on Women? Local elections generally have lower campaign costs; smaller financial hurdles for women Less arduous time and travel commitments Gain valuable experience; increase chances of being elected at the state or federal level Create.
A Brookings Institution Press and Ash Center for Democratic Governance and Innovation publication The trend toward greater decentralization of governance activities, now accepted as commonplace in the West, has become a worldwide movement. This international development—largely a product of globalization and democratization—is clearly one of the key factors reshaping economic, political, and social conditions throughout the world. Rather than the top-down, centralized decisionmaking that characterized communist economies and Third World dictatorships in the twentieth century, today's world demands flexibility, adaptability, and the autonomy to bring those qualities to bear. In this thought-provoking book, the first in a new series on Innovations in Governance, experts in government and public management trace the evolution and performance of decentralization concepts, from the transfer of authority within government to the sharing of power, authority, and responsibilities among broader governance institutions. This movement is not limited to national government—it also affects subnational governments, NGOs, private corporations, and even civil associations. The contributors assess the emerging concepts of decentralization (e.g., devolution, empowerment, capacity building, and democratic governance). They detail the factors driving the movement, including political changes such as the fall of the Iron Curtain and the ascendance of democracy; economic factors such as globalization and outsourcing; and technological advances (e.g. increased information technology and electronic commerce). Their analysis covers many different contexts and regions. For example, William Ascher of Claremont McKenna College chronicles how decentralization concepts are playing out in natural resources policy, while Kadmeil Wekwete (United Nations) outlines the specific challenges to decentralizing governance in sub-Saharan Africa. In each case, contributors explore the objectives of a decentralizing strategy as well as the benefits and difficulties that will likely result.
The economic activity that drives growth in developing countries is heavily concentrated in cities. Catchphrases such as “metropolitan areas are the engines that pull the national economy” turn out to be fairly accurate. But the same advantages of metropolitan areas that draw investment also draw migrants who need jobs and housing, lead to demands for better infrastructure and social services, and result in increased congestion, environmental harm, and social problems. The challenges for metropolitan public finance are to capture a share of the economic growth to adequately finance new and growing expenditures and to organize governance so that services can be delivered in a cost-effective way, giving the local population a voice in fiscal decision making. At the same time, care must be taken to avoid overregulation and overtaxation, which will hamper the now quite mobile economic engine of private investment and entrepreneurial initiative. Metropolitan planning has become a reality in most large urban areas, even though the planning agencies are often ineffective in moving things forward and in linking their plans with the fiscal and financial realities of metropolitan government. A growing number of success stories in metropolitan finance and management, together with accumulated experience and proper efforts and support, could be extended to a broader array of forward-looking programs to address the growing public service needs of metropolitan-area populations. Nevertheless, sweeping metropolitan-area fiscal reforms have been few and far between; the urban policy reform agenda is still a long one; and there is a reasonable prospect that closing the gaps between what we know how to do and what is actually being done will continue to be difficult and slow. This book identifies the most important issues in metropolitan governance and finance in developing countries, describes the practice, explores the gap between practice and what theory suggests should be done, and lays out the reform paths that might be considered. Part of the solution will rest in rethinking expenditure assignments and instruments of finance. The “right” approach also will depend on the flexibility of political leaders to relinquish some control in order to find a better solution to the metropolitan finance problem.
Most countries, developed and developing, are fiscally decentralized with regional and local governments of varying importance. In many of these countries, some of these sub-national governments differ substantially from others in terms of wealth, ethnic, religious, or linguistic composition. This book considers how fiscal arrangements may strengthen or weaken national solidarity and the effectiveness with which public services are provided. In particular, the nation's ability to cope with changes created by decentralization is explored.
It is widely assumed that the relationship between governance capacity and decentralization determines the success in governance, but how does this relationship function is largely contested. Does decentralization lead to an improvement in governance capacities, or are certain capacities preconditioned in order for decentralization to lead better governance? Relying on an empirical study of Turkish provincial municipalities, the book argues success in decentralization is strongly influenced by the socioeconomic conditions in the province and to a lesser extent by the local government’s capacity. The book provides a novel approach to capacity building practices and decentralization reforms by suggesting that the relationship between decentralization and governance capacity should be addressed not only on the organizational but also on the developmental level. In this way, the book proposes asymmetrical decentralization according to socio-economic development at subnational level for better governance outcomes.
Communities need a holistic approach to address the problems that affect the people at the grass root. The planning of the direct beneficiaries involves decentralization in order to allow the lower power centers to widely take part in the development of society. Concerns of the grass root people form the need for decentralization and local governance. People’s involvement in the planning on the village level and all local government units, makes the identification and solving of the problem easier. High participatory levels of all the people especially the marginalized, encourages innovation to source for the appropriate solutions to the common problems that face society. It therefore calls a decentralized system that caters for the voters’ preferences while providing for their services. The people’s concerns call for local planning and the transfer of power to the public so that services are brought nearer to the people. This study will cover the aspects of local government and decentralization such as good governance, democratization, civil society, deconcentration, devolution and delegation, and its relation to the development of societies.