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A new technique is formulated to predict the ultimate settlement (primary and secondary) of normally consolidated organic soils on the basis of the organic content. Data from a large number of oedometer tests on samples collected from organic soil deposits in Central Florida exhibit a definitive relationship of ultimate settlement versus organic content. These laboratory test results are analyzed using the Gibson and Lo rheological model to develop expressions for primary and secondary compressibilities in terms of organic content and consolidation pressure. It is shown how the compressibility relations predicted by the authors' approach concur with extensive data collected by other researchers. The usefulness of the authors' analytical relations is displayed by showing how the expected ultimate settlement of an organic soil subjected to a given pressure increase can be computed readily by using them.
The compressibility of a typical horticultural peat has been studied in the laboratory. Compressibility is an important factor in the processing of this material since volume governs the cost of shipping. The final reconstituted volume and the appearance of the peat after shipping must also be taken into account for marketing. Compression tests have been carried out on a horticultural peat from Newfoundland. Simple equations relating initial water content, relative volume change, and vertical applied pressure are proposed. A fluff factor has been defined, and it was found to decrease with the maximum applied pressure. Finally the results obtained in the laboratory are applied to storage and processing examples that are encountered in the horticultural peat industry.
Peat and organic soils commonly occur as extremely soft, wet, unconsolidated surficial deposits that are an integral part of wetland systems. These types of soils can give rise to geotechnical problems in the area of sampling, settlement, stability, in situ testing, stabilisation and construction. There is therefore a tendency to either avoid build
This volume contains seven keynote lectures and over 100 technical contributions by scientists, researchers, engineers and students from more than 25 countries and regions worldwide on the subject of soft soil engineering.
Gibson and Lo (1961) compressibility parameters a and b for an organic soil can be determined from the organic content and the current pressure using the model presented by Gunaratne et al. (1998). These parameters, however, were developed based on results of laboratory one-dimensional consolidation tests and are valid for the K0 state. Researchers such as Edil et al. (1984) have found that the experimentally determined values of b in particular are larger for field situations. Therefore, the compressibility parameters have to be modified to predict field settlement under surcharges. This paper describes an extended model that addresses this issue and demonstrates how the laboratory-based b value can be corrected for field loading conditions. Finally, results of a full-scale, instrumented field settlement study of organic soil are shown to correlate well with the predictions of the extended model.