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This Element presents the history, research, and future potential for an alternative and effective model of policing called 'legitimacy-based policing'. This model is driven by social psychology theory and informed by research findings showing that legitimacy of the police shapes public acceptance of police decisions, willingness to cooperate with the police, and citizen engagement in communities. Police legitimacy is found to be strongly tied to the level of fairness exercised by police authority, i.e. to procedural justice. Taken together these two ideas create an alternative framework for policing that relies upon the policed community's willing acceptance of and cooperation with the law. Studies show that this framework is as effective in lowering crime as the traditional carceral paradigm, an approach that relies on the threat or use of force to motivate compliance. It is also more effective in motivating willing cooperation and in encouraging people to engage in their communities in ways that promote social, economic and political development. We demonstrate that adopting this model benefits police departments and police officers as well as promoting community vitality. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
New York City's municipal water supply system provides about 1 billion gallons of drinking water a day to over 8.5 million people in New York City and about 1 million people living in nearby Westchester, Putnam, Ulster, and Orange counties. The combined water supply system includes 19 reservoirs and three controlled lakes with a total storage capacity of approximately 580 billion gallons. The city's Watershed Protection Program is intended to maintain and enhance the high quality of these surface water sources. Review of the New York City Watershed Protection Program assesses the efficacy and future of New York City's watershed management activities. The report identifies program areas that may require future change or action, including continued efforts to address turbidity and responding to changes in reservoir water quality as a result of climate change.
"Community Vitality: From Adaptation to Transformation explores key themes related to what makes a community vital and illuminates the importance of the concept of vitality in order to inspire and guide critical shifts towards thriving, resilient and sustainable communities. In an era of global climate change, the increasing divide between the wealthy and poor and the overwhelming dependency on digital technology and the Internet, the need for a dialogue on sustainable community planning efforts focused on community vitality has never been stronger."--
Through ethnographic research, Killian examines vitality in Philadelphia and Berea, two Christian Intentional Communities whose participants live in close proximity with one another to achieve religious values. Pulling from Anthony Giddens’ theory of structuration, Killian argues that the vitality of both communities cannot be reduced to deterministic structural, individual, or organizational causes. Rather, vitality in these communities is affected by all of these causes in relationship to one another. In other words, it’s not that each explanation “matters” (e.g., social structures matter, organizational behaviors matter, individual religious choices matter), but that these explanations matter to each other (e.g., social structures matter to individual choices, individual choices matter to organizational behaviors, and social structures matter to organizational choices, etc.). To make this argument, Killian develops the idea of the vitality nexus—the interconnected relationship between the various explanations of religious vitality.
Planning for Community A comprehensive exploration of community planning that integrates today’s social and economic issues with policy and governance considerations In Planning for Community, distinguished regional and local planner Phil Heywood delivers an insightful examination of the accelerating impacts of social, environmental, and economic changes on community life and organization. He explores the ways in which these changes can be anticipated, planned for, and managed as he reviews and evaluates the nature and challenges of place and interaction faced by traditional and emerging local communities. The book includes discussions of the values, aims, and methods of community planning and the key operations in each of the fields of housing, work, transport, health, and environment. It should also inspire and assist readers to become more involved and influential in the lives of their local and wider communities. Readers will also find: A thorough introduction to methods of inclusion and empowerment enabling effective community management Comprehensive explorations of the ways the values of prosperity, liberty, social justice, and sustainability link to practical community problem-solving Practical discussions of the values, methods, activities, design, and governance shaping community planning Comprehensive, well-grounded, and effective treatments of policy development and practice Planning for Community is an excellent resource for professionals, activists, academics, and students seeking a comprehensive and readable guide to community planning.
Over the past few years, Hardwick, Vermont, a typical hardscrabble farming community of 3,000 residents, has jump-started its economy and redefined its self-image through a local, self-sustaining food system unlike anything else in America. Even as the recent financial downturn threatens to cripple small businesses and privately owned farms, a stunning number of food-based businesses have grown in the region. The Town That Food Saved is rich with appealing, colorful characters, from the optimistic upstarts creating a new agricultural model to the long-established farmers wary of the rapid change in the region. Hewitt, a journalist and Vermonter, delves deeply into the repercussions of this groundbreaking approach to growing food, both its astounding successes and potential limitations. The captivating story of an unassuming community and its extraordinary determination to build a vibrant local food system, The Town That Food Saved is grounded in ideas that will revolutionize the way we eat and, quite possibly, the way we live.
Traces the post-Reconstruction roots of the slow violence enacted on black people in the U.S. through the politicization of biological health
In a calm, sustained style, the author breaks new ground in the ongoing feminist theological pilgrimage, one that will make traditionalists squirm and liberationists cheer." 'Choice' In 'The Power to Speak', Rebecca Chopp offers an exhilarating defense of feminist theology as proclamation and good news for all. Arguing for a critique and transformation of language, subjectivity, and politics, this thoughtful, engaged book opens new directions in feminist thought." Elizabeth Fox-Genovese A provocative treatment of feminist theology's deepest potential to transform the discipline through language." 'WATERwheel' Rebecca Chopp is developing an original theological position. Her interpretation of Christian faith and Christian theology as having to do primarily with 'emancipatory transformation' breaks through the individualistic pietism of modern liberalism as well as the provincialism of many of the liberation theologies." Gordon D. Kaufman