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Tourism is one approach that is being promoted to bring socio-economic development to local people and to enhance conservation, especially in developing countries. Community-based Eco-tourism (CBET) seeks to link conservation, rural development and community participation in tourism development. It attempts to ensure that tourism development is managed and run by the community members. Moreover, CBET aims to protect the local environment and support local livelihoods by providing alternative income. In Cambodia, the government is supporting tourism as a strategy to reduce poverty. Research and evaluation of a CBET project aims to critically examine how this is happening on the ground in Chambok commune, adjacent to the Kirirom National Park. The research uses the Sustainable Livelihood Approach to provide a theoretical framework, an ethnographic approach, observations, semi-structured interviews and participatory workshops, to understand the local community, their culture and traditions, their relationship with the environment, and how ecotourism impacts on these and how they turn impact on ecotourism.
Ecotourism has been credited with conserving biological and cultural diversity, alleviating rural poverty, increasing public awareness of environmental concerns and strengthening ties between tourism operators and local populations. For these reasons, ecotourism has grown in popularity with tourists as well as governmental development agencies and conservation organizations. Over twenty years after its inception, it now needs to be asked: Does ecotourism measure up to its environmental, social and economic ideals? Using detailed case studies, regional overviews and thematic analyses, Ecotourism and Conservation in the Americas evaluates the pros and cons of ecotourism for communities and ecosystems. Focusing particularly on the Americas, perspectives are drawn from private tour operators, non-governmental conservation and development organizations, local and indigenous communities and tourism researchers. Chapters discuss local benefits and conservation value through discussions of social impacts, the assessment of conservation potential, environmental education and the setting and maintaining of standards.
As I grow up in the neighborhood of the study area, the fate of biodiversity and community who totally depend on the same resource being conserved has deeply concerned me for long. The narratives of development and conservation is the order of the day and most of the time in contradiction where ultimately fail to ensure both conservation and development missions it intends to achieve. Therefore, this study is dealing with how this contradiction affect conservation taking the case of pastoral Guji Oromo community who is dwelling inside the Nechsar National park in southern Ethiopia. The primary goal of conducting this research is to assess the challenges of implementing community based ecotourism while the communities residing inside the park. The main question examined, is that possible to achieve conservation objectives while pastoral-community dwelling with in the park? This research also tried to figure out conflict in ownership, human-wildlife conflict and some practical considerations. Though the study was carried out in specific communities, the lessons can be applied to a wider range and may also have significant value for conservation and sustainable env'tal management.
Community based ecotourism (CBET) has become the most important tool of biodiversity conservation in protected areas because of its nature to keep balance between community and the environment. This book assesses how CBET is used as a tool for biodiversity conservation and sustainable development in SMNP. It is derived from research findings and is descriptive in its design. CBET in SMNP is an effective, efficient and sustainable compared with alternative approaches of conserving biodiversity. This is because of the reality that local communities are preserving the park better than the earlier periods due to economic reward from tourism. Local communities' awareness level on biodiversity of the park and its conservation has increased considerably. Capacity building programs has been given by government and NGOs to increase community participation in tourism and help contribute biodiversity conservation. The economic significance of tourism to the park and community is increasing significantly from year to year. But the income from tourism and numbers of population are not matching. Finally, good benefit sharing mechanism that can satisfy involved parties in the park is recommended.
The book uses a multi-disciplinary approach to address lessons learned and challenges encountered over the years in different ecological, economic, political and cultural contexts. Protected areas were originally established as recreational spaces and to protect some components of nature; however, today they are also expected to provide an increasing range of benefits to an array of people. Protected areas no longer simply “protect” but they also provide ecosystem services and facilitate poverty reduction via local development, ecotourism, and sustainable resource use. Integrating tourism and conservation with existing local historical, socio-economic, and institutional landscapes is associated with the promotion of local community participation in resource management. The book adopts an interdisciplinary approach to understand social-ecological systems that explain the relationship between protected areas, tourism, and community livelihoods linkages. The book provides a platform for dialogue to develop a better understanding of the complex relationships between protected areas, tourism, and community livelihoods linkages. Due to the role tourism plays in poverty alleviation, conservation, empowerment and addressing other environmental and social challenges, the book also connects tourism with the UN Sustainable Development Goals. This book will be of great interest to students, scholars and policymakers of tourism, conservation, natural resource management, sustainable development as well as professionals and policymakers involved in conservation policy. The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of Journal of Sustainable Tourism.
Mountainous and rural areas throughout the world have continually been attributed with several hinderances including poverty, faulty governance, and susceptibility to natural disasters. However, with the recent development of tourism, these provinces have seen a strong rise in visitation. Despite this increase in economic sustainability, planners are still presented with many challenges as they try to balance developmental and ecological considerations. Global Opportunities and Challenges for Rural and Mountain Tourism provides emerging research exploring the integration of mountain tourism development and innovative practices for managing contemporary issues and challenges of tourism in these regions including socio-economic impacts, role of stakeholders, and promotional strategies for sustainable tourism development. Featuring coverage on a broad range of topics such as cultural heritage, marketing strategies, and value chain systems, this book is ideally designed for travel agents, tour directors, tour developers, hotel managers, hospitality and tourism professionals, industry practitioners, researchers, geographical scientists, planners, academicians, and students.
This open access book provides a theoretical framework and case studies on decision science for regional sustainability by integrating the natural and social sciences. The cases discussed include solution-oriented transdisciplinary studies on the environment, disasters, health, governance and human cooperation. Based on these case studies and comprehensive reviews of relevant works, including lessons learned from past failures for predictable surprises and successes in adaptive co-management, the book provides the reader with new perspectives on how we can co-design collaborative projects with various conflicts of interest and how we can transform our society for a sustainable future. The book makes a valuable contribution to the global research initiative Future Earth, promoting transdisciplinary studies to bridge the gap between science and society in knowledge generation processes and supporting efforts to achieve the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Compared to other publications on transdisciplinary studies, this book is unique in that evolutionary biology is used as an integrator for various areas related to human decision-making, and approaches social changes as processes of adaptive learning and evolution. Given its scope, the book is highly recommended to all readers seeking an integrated overview of human decision-making in the context of social transformation.
A global industry and an important tool for economic development, international tourism is facing an increasingly uncertain future. Global environmental change, including climate change; increasing fuel prices; and growing criticism from environmental and social interest groups are posing substantial challenges to the belief that international tourism can be sustainable at current rates and patterns of growth. This book therefore aims to answer the questions of if and how tourism can be a sustainable industry. The book concludes that sustainable tourism is possible but that it requires fundamental shifts in operations, systems and philosophies. The various contributions identify a number of means by which this can be accomplished but stress that sustainable tourism still has a long way to travel before it can reach its destination.