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There are approximately 4,000 fatalities in crashes involving trucks and buses in the United States each year. Though estimates are wide-ranging, possibly 10 to 20 percent of these crashes might have involved fatigued drivers. The stresses associated with their particular jobs (irregular schedules, etc.) and the lifestyle that many truck and bus drivers lead, puts them at substantial risk for insufficient sleep and for developing short- and long-term health problems. Commercial Motor Vehicle Driver Fatigue, Long-Term Health and Highway Safety assesses the state of knowledge about the relationship of such factors as hours of driving, hours on duty, and periods of rest to the fatigue experienced by truck and bus drivers while driving and the implications for the safe operation of their vehicles. This report evaluates the relationship of these factors to drivers' health over the longer term, and identifies improvements in data and research methods that can lead to better understanding in both areas.
This is the full final report on the largest and most comprehensive over-the-road study of commercial motor vehicle driver fatigue ever conducted in North America. Data collection involved 80 drivers in the US and Canada who were monitored over a 16-week period. Work-related factors thought to influence the development of fatigue, loss of alertness, and degraded performance in drivers were studied within an operational setting of real-life, revenue-generating runs. These factors included the amount of time spent driving during a work period, the number of consecutive days of driving, the time of day when driving took place, and schedule regularity. Chapter 1 contains the background to the study and information on study objectives and overall approach. Chapter 2 presents a detailed literature review on driver fatigue and its measurement, as well as on the involvement of fatigue in crashes. The next two chapters present the study methodology, data collection methods, and detailed results. The final chapter contains an overview of the results (including the most significant factors affecting fatigue & alertness, as well as findings related to scientific methodologies & fatigue countermeasure concepts) and the study's conclusions and recommendations.
Published by the U.S. Fed. Highway Admin. & Transport Canada. This study was the largest & most comprehensive over-the-road study ever conducted on driver fatigue & alertness in North America. Conducted over seven years, it provides extensive information on the alertness, driving performance, & physiological & subjective states of commercial motor vehicle drivers in the U.S. & Canada as they perform real-life, revenue-generating trips. The study was designed to examine the relative impacts of fatigue factors, taking into account the Canadian hours-of-service rules, which differ from those in the U.S. Charts & tables.
TRB's Commercial Truck and Bus Safety Synthesis Program (CTBSSP) Synthesis 14: The Role of Safety Culture in Preventing Commercial Motor Vehicle Crashes explores practices on developing and enhancing a culture of safety among commercial motor vehicle drivers. The report also examines suggested steps for increasing a safety culture through a series of best practices.