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Excerpt from Commentaries on the Productive Forces of Russia, Vol. 2 of 3 In France we have just estimated the product of the woollen manufacture at 500 millions of francs 125 millions of roubles. Deducting the value of the experts, which, during the years 1848 - 50, averaged 122 millions of francs, or millions of roubles, there remains for home consumption a value of millions of roubles, being, for a population of 353} millions, 2 roub. 66 kop. Per head. In England the consumption of wool amounts, according to our estimate, to poods. Reckoning the value of the fabrics at 30 roubles per pood of wool, we obtain a sum of roubles. Deducting the excess of exportation, which during the same period represented an average value of roubles, there remains for home consumption a value of roubles, being, for a population of 26, 'ir millions, 6 roub. 20 kop. Per head. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
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Excerpt from Commentaries on the Productive Forces of Russia, Vol. 1 of 2 See Baron von Redcn's two valuable works, Dav kaiser-reich Russland, and Radara kraft-elements and ebv'lm-mittel. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1856 edition. Excerpt: ...we could supply with salt more than double the present population of the empire; but the greater part of those are concentrated at the eastern extremity and in the south of European Russia, especially in Bessarabia, the Crimea, and the governments of Saratow, Perm, Astrakhan, and Orenburg, which six provinces furnish nearly nine-tenths of the total quantity of salt won throughout the whole European and Asiatic possessions of the empire. This distance from the sources of supply with the attending difficulty and expense of transport make it impossible for the Baltic provinces and several of the western governments to do without foreign salt. We have already (Vol. I. p. 213.) estimated the amount of salt won in Russia at about 30 millions of poods; and as the average importation during the period 1847-51 amounted to about 4,972,700 poods, we obtain a total consumption of about 35 millions of poods, which, for a population of 60 millions (including Asiatic Russia, but exclusive of Finland and the kingdom of Poland), gives 23 3 lbs. Russ. per head. In Prussia the mean consumption is 22 lbs. Russ. per head, in Austria 205 lbs., and in France 16 lbs. Russ. Thus the relative consumption of Russia is the largest of the four, which proves the general moderation of the price. The expense of winning is small, and the excise is tolerably light. Dearness occurs only in some districts situated at a great distance from the place of production; and the consumption would be still larger than it is if the state of inland communication were more satisfactory. Foreign salt forms but a fifth of the total consumption; but on the other hand the kingdom of Poland and Finland draw their supplies almost entirely from abroad, their own production being...
This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1855 edition. Excerpt: ...also from bad pasture and general carelessness. In the southern and eastern provinces, the steppes, with their abundant pastures, are well suited for horse-rearing; but during their severe winters, the frost and drifting snow often occasion great mortalities amongst the numerous herds which roam about exposed to all the inclemency of the sky. In some districts, especially in the governments of Orenburg, Stavropol, and Astrakhan, and in the country of the Don Cossacks, horse-breeders consider themselves lucky if, after a severe winter, they have not lost more than a tenth of their stock. The animals, however, which have passed through the ordeal are found indomitable in the endurance of fatigue. What is chiefly wanting for the encouragement of breeders is a market: amongst the nomades of Orenburg and Astrakhan, and the Don Cossacks, a good threeyear old horse can sometimes be bought for 8 or 10 roubles. The horses exported to Asia from some of the eastern districts are valued in the official estimates at 5 or 6 roubles per head; but we must not take these figures as indicating the value of all our steppe horses; many of them fetch from 80 to 100 roubles, or even more. The horses which figure in our export commerce with Europe are valued in the official estimates at from 45 to 50 roubles per head; but this trade has greatly fallen off of late, and during the three years 1847--1849, the average yearly export was but 1,950 head. In the government of Astrakhan the horse trade, which used formerly to be very actively carried on, has fallen off within the last twenty or fiveand-twenty years in consequence of some severe winters having caused a great mortality among the animals; purchasers lost the habit of frequenting the fairs, and now, ..