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The computer program SAGG (Satellite Altimetry and Ground Gravity) has been used to determine the global geoid and the earth's gravity field, based on the combination of altimetric observations and gravity anomalies. A typical feature of SAGG is the simultaneous recovery of the orbit parameters and the spherical harmonic potential coefficients. The short arc adjustment mode makes these determinations possible without the requirement of highly precise reference orbits. In this mode, the state vector components are subject to adjustment and represent, in fact, a set of independent weighted parameters. Orbits good to approximately 20 m are adequate for precise reductions. Altimetric data processed by SAGG was gathered by the GEOS-3 satellite over adjacent portions of the Indian and South Pacific Oceans and a portion of the NORTH Atlantic; gravity anomaly data is represented by mean anomalies from over 2200 1 deg x 1 deg geographic blocks. The recovered geoid over most of the globe shows good agreement with gravimetric geoids. This is especially true of the areas covered by GEOS-3 when compared with the earlier reported results of the AFGL computer program SARRA (Short Arc Reduction of Radar Altimetry).
The computer program SAGG (Satellite Altimetry and Ground Gravity) has been used to determine the global geoid and the earth's gravity field, based on the combination of altimetric observations and gravity anomalies. A typical feature of SAGG is the simultaneous recovery of the orbit parameters and the spherical harmonic potential coefficients. The short arc adjustment mode makes these determinations possible without the requirement of highly precise reference orbits. In this mode, the state vector components are subject to adjustment and represent, in fact, a set of independent weighted parameters. Orbits good to approximately 20 m are adequate for precise reductions. Altimetric data processed by SAGG was gathered by the GEOS-3 satellite over adjacent portions of the Indian and South Pacific Oceans and a portion of the NORTH Atlantic; gravity anomaly data is represented by mean anomalies from over 2200 1 deg x 1 deg geographic blocks. The recovered geoid over most of the globe shows good agreement with gravimetric geoids. This is especially true of the areas covered by GEOS-3 when compared with the earlier reported results of the AFGL computer program SARRA (Short Arc Reduction of Radar Altimetry)
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The point mass technique, which supplements a spherical harmonic expansion of the potential, allows short wavelength detail to be added to previously computed long wavelength geoidal features without distorting the latter. Recently, the AFGL short-arc approach to satellite altimetry has been modified to allow point mass adjustments. GEOS-3 altimeter residuals in the North Atlantic region were obtained from a first adjustment in terms of spherical harmonics and state vector parameters. A subsequent point mass adjustment was performed on these residuals to obtain the short wavelength geoid and gravity anomalies. Advantages of the point mass model stem from a flexible deployment of the new parameters (point mass magnitudes) in an area of interest that permits important computer savings when processing large amounts of satellite data in a local region.
Two methods for recovery of gravity anomalies are described. Of those, the indirect method, based on the use of the Stokes' formula is chosen for its flexibility in combining any a priori information available on the anomalies and in filtering out any systematic error that may be inherent in the observations.