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The collective complaints procedure was created in 1995 as an optional quasi-jurisdictional monitoring mechanism specific for the protection of social rights, within the framework of the Council of Europe treaty system of the European Social Charter. In recent years, the importance and use of this procedure has increased considerably, in the context of a number of serious economic and social crises which are impacting negatively on the effective enjoyment of social rights in Europe. This short monograph explores and clarifies the specific features, the potential and limits of the collective complaints procedure, intended as a sui generis instrument for the protection of social rights, in the light of its evolutive application by the European Committee of Social Rights (the monitoring body of the European Social Charter) and its real impact on the state and conditions of social rights in the European countries concerned.
This authoritative Commentary drafted by scholars of the Academic Network on the European Social Charter and Social Rights (ANESC) is aimed both at researchers studying socio-economic rights in Europe, and at legal practitioners; civil society organisations, trade unions and ministerial staff engaging with the procedures of the European Committee of Social Rights. The text is compiled by a large body of expert contributors, working together with an Editorial Board, under the supervision of a Scientific Committee, which reviews the quality of each chapter. The Scientific Committee is composed of the most respected experts on the European Social Charter and Social Rights in Europe. The Commentary will offer approx. 106 Chapters, organized in 8 Volumes, some of which are focused on the substantive state obligations and the jurisprudence of the European Committee of Social Rights, others on the procedures that state representatives, international bodies and applicants must follow to engage with the system of the European Social Charter. Volume 1 deals with Cross-Cutting Themes and is edited by Stefano Angeleri and Carole Nivard.
'Practising law, whether as a politician, a judge, a lawyer or an academic, is to a certain degree creating or influencing policy', Walter Van Gerven once wrote. This statement and many other similar or opposite statements make one wonder about the nature of the policies concerned, the identities of the decision makers and the rationale underlying those policies. On these and related questions PhD researchers from different Belgian law schools debated at the ACCA-conference held at Ghent University in May 2014. This book holds the fruits of those debates. Hence, the book contains concise contributions focusing on policy questions in matters related to various fields of law, such as environmental, constitutional, civil, social, criminal, procedural or EU law. It seeks to provide an insight into the interplay between legislators and administrative bodies on the one hand and judges and legal scholars on the other hand, bringing about the creation of a new policy or the adjustment or abolishment of an existing policy.
This volume offers a lawyer's view on the meaning of fundamental social rights in today's Europe. It is published on the occasion of the 10th anniversary of the European Working Group (EWL) on labor law, and it reflects the research efforts the members of the EWL have made in its 10 years of existence. The recognition of fundamental social rights offers opportunities for valuing the meaning of such rights for workers. The non-discrimination norm, since it has been long and widely recognized in EU law, is the most striking example. It has served as a catalyst for all Member States. Apart from that, fundamental social rights, as generally recognized by international organizations, are also challenged in EU law. This is not only because the EU law does not explicitly grant protection to workers since some of these rights are not covered by it, but also due to a potential collision between these rights and the fundamental freedoms of the European Community. In this volume, experts in the field of European labor law deal with the opportunities EU law is offering and how it is fitting into the social policy of the EU, as well as with potential threats to an effective application of the fundamental social rights. Some of the contributions refer to the cases of Viking, Laval, and Rüffert as to their impact on the right to collective action, as well as their meaning for the establishment of decent employment conditions, and in particular the right to a decent wage which is one of the oldest fundamental social rights. Another crucial issue that is touched upon is the right to work and the right of protection for workers. The objective that is advocated in the EU, as a cornerstone of modern social policy, is the combination of flexibility and security, in one word "flexicurity," which has been analyzed in terms of contributing to or jeopardizing the position of the employee. It is the supposed dilemma of the protection of the 'haves' at the expense of the 'have nots' or 'insiders versus outsiders.' A third topic is the fundamental right connected to the freedom of association. A problem that has recently raised a lot of discussion and legislative proposals is whether sufficient representativeness of trade unions is required in order to be legitimized for collective bargaining and the conclusion of binding collective agreements. Linked to this is the effective recognition of the right of participation for workers and their representatives at enterprise level: the right to information and consultation, its scope, and its effect.
Experts and in the complaint
The book is concerned with the legal framework for protecting and promoting social rights in Europe. Its chapters examine procedural and substantive aspects of the Council of Europe's European Social Charter and the European Union's Charter of Fundamental Rights, as well as the EU's so-called "acquis" in the area of social rights. They look at a range of issues, including the strengths and weaknesses of the two systems in terms of promoting and protecting social rights by examining the legal and political enforcement mechanisms as well as at some of the important substantive rights contained within each.
Human rights have traditionally been framed in a vertical perspective with the duties of States confined to their own citizens or residents. Obligations beyond this territorial space have been viewed as either being absent or minimalistic at best. However, the territorial paradigm has now been seriously challenged in recent years in part because of the increasing awareness of the ability of States and other actors to impact human rights far from home both positively and negatively. In response to this awareness various legal principles have come into existence setting out some transnational human rights obligations of varying degrees. However, notwithstanding these initiatives, judicial institutions and monitoring bodies continue to show an enormous hesitancy in moving beyond a territorial reading of international human rights law. This book addresses the issue in an innovative and challenging way by crafting legally sound hypothetical "judgments" from a number of adjudicatory fora. The judgments are based on real world situations where extraterritorial or transnational issues have emerged, and draw on existing international human rights law, albeit a progressive interpretation of this law. The book shows that there are a number of judicial and quasi-judicial systems where transnational human rights claims can, and should be enforced. These include: the World Trade Organization; the International Court of Justice; the regional human rights monitoring bodies; domestic courts; and the UN treaty bodies. Each hypothetical judgment is accompanied by detailed commentary placing it in context in order to show how international human rights law can address issues of a transnational character. The book will be of interest to human scholars and lawyers, practitioners, activists and aid officials.
The 50th anniversary of the European Social Charter presents the opportunity for a comprehensive and informative review of one of the Council of Europe's fundamental treaties.What are its origins? Which states does it cover? What are its strengths? What are the new challenges that the Charter needs to address?This dynamic and accessible publication allows the reader to find out more about an instrument that is of vital importance for the protection of human rights in Europe and elsewhere.