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Most of the materials evaluated in this volume are poorly soluble solid materials that are deposited in particulate form in the lung where they may be retained for long periods. In this respect, they should be considered as 'particulate toxicants'. Cobalt and cobalt compounds were formerly evaluated as being possibly carcinogenic to humans and the evidence was inadequate. Since that time new epidemiological studies have been conducted and are evaluated here. No new studies in experimental animals were available for cobalt compounds used in the hard metal industry. Nevertheless, this volume re-evaluates some of the experimental evidence for cobalt that was presented previously. The Working Group questioned the relevance of the routes of administrationused in some of the animal carcinogenesis bioassays for the evaluation of carcinogenicity of cobalt metal and cobalt alloys. The bioassays were reviewed again in this volume.
On cover: IPCS International Programme on Chemical Safety. Published under the joint sponsorship of the United Nations Environment Programme, the International Labour Organization and the World Health Organization, and produced within the framework of the Inter-organization Programme for the Sound Management of Chemicals (IOMC)
Providing a concise, yet comprehensive, reference on all aspectsof industrial exposures and toxicants; this book aidstoxicologists, industrial hygienists, and occupational physiciansto investigate workplace health problems. • Updates and expands coverage with new chapterscovering regulatory toxicology, toxicity testing, physical hazards,high production volume (HPV) chemicals, and workplace druguse • Includes information on occupational and environmentalsources of exposure, mammalian toxicology, industrial hygiene,medical management and ecotoxicology • Retains a succinct chapter format that has become thehallmark for the previous editions • Distils a vast amount of information into one resourcefor both academics and professionals
Since the first edition in 1948, Patty’s Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology has become a flagship publication for Wiley. During its nearly seven decades in print, it has become a standard reference for the fields of occupational health and toxicology. The volumes on industrial hygiene are cornerstone reference works for not only industrial hygienists but also chemists, engineers, toxicologists, lawyers, and occupational safety personnel. Volume 4 covers environmental and health and safety program management, with a number of new chapters on sustainability, construction health and safety, health and safety of new energies and working with cannabis.
Definitions of species and speciation - - Strructural aspects of speciation - - Analytical techniques and methodology - - Bioaccessibility and bioavailability - - Toxicokinetics and biological monitoring - - Molecular and cellular mechanisms of metal toxicity - - Health effects - - Conclusions and recommendations.
Combustion Emissions: Formation, Reaction, and Removal of Trace Metals in Combustion Products presents the latest scientific knowledge on combustion, with a particular focus on the behavior of elements in this high temperature method of energy generation. The book describes methods of control and establishes a solid base of understanding for future research. Encyclopedic in style and consistent in format, each chapter systematically presents a complete analysis of the combustion behavior of each element and guides the reader in resolving specific problems. This includes source levels in fuels and fuel usage, emission and pollutant release into the environment and environmental effects, and more. Societal impacts and environmental concerns are considered throughout, highlighting sustainability aspects across a diverse range of applications, such as within power plants, automobiles and propulsion. - Presents the latest research in a very systematic way - Includes methods of control and establishes a base of understanding for future research in energy systems - Analyzes the individual behavior of 34 elements, considering their chemistry, nature and environmental impacts
This book helps readers understand the fundamental principles and phenomena that control the transfer of trace elements. It describes the occurrence and behavior of trace elements in rocks, soil, water, air, and plants, and also discusses the anthropogenic impact to the environment. In addition, the book covers the presence of trace elements in feeds, as either contaminants or as nutritional or zootechnical additives, and their transfer across the food chain to humans. All trace elements are covered-from aluminum to zirconium-as well as rare-earth elements (actinides and lanthanides).
The congress "Arsenic in the Environment" offers an international, multi- and interdisciplinary discussion platform for arsenic research aimed at short-term solutions of problems with considerable social impact, rather than only focusing on cutting edge and breakthrough research in physical, chemical, toxicological, medical and other specific issue
Handbook on the Toxicology of Metals, Fourth Edition bridges the gap between established knowledgebase and new advances in metal toxicology to provide one essential reference for all those involved in the field. This book provides comprehensive coverage of basic toxicological data, emphasizing toxic effects primarily in humans, but also those of animals and biological systems in vitro. The fourth edition also contains several new chapters on important topics such as nanotoxicology, metals in prosthetics and dental implants, gene-environment interaction, neurotoxicology, metals in food, renal, cardiovascular, and diabetes effects of metal exposures and more. Volume I covers “General Considerations and Volume II is devoted to “Specific Metals. A multidisciplinary resource with contributions from internationally-recognized experts, the fourth edition of the Handbook on the Toxicology of Metals is a prominent and indispensable reference for toxicologists, physicians, pharmacologists, engineers, and all those involved in the toxicity of metals. Contains 61 peer reviewed chapters dealing with the effects of metallic elements and their compounds on biological systems Includes information on sources, transport and transformation of metals in the environment and on certain aspects of the ecological effects of metals to provide a basis for better understanding of the potential for adverse effects on human health Covers the toxicology of metallic nanomaterials in a new comprehensive chapter Metal toxicology in developing countries is dealt with in another new chapter emphasizing the adverse effects on human health by the inadequate handling of "ewaste Other new chapters in the 4th edition include: Toxic metals in food; Toxicity of metals released from medical devices; Gene-environment interactions; Neurotoxicology of metals; Cardiovascular disease; Renal effects of exposure to metals; Gold and gold mining; Iridium; Lanthanum; Lithium and Rhodium
A new perspective on the link between inflammation and cancer Inflammation is the human body’s normal biological response to threats in the modern world, as well as a defense against the harmful influence of pathogens, the environment, and poor nutrition. But what happens when the inflammatory response is triggered repeatedly and sustained for long periods of time? Cancer and Inflammation Mechanisms: Chemical, Biological, and Clinical Aspects discusses the mechanisms by which chronic inflammation can lead to cancer, the various causative agents, and possible prevention methods. A compilation of the latest information coming out of the various fields of cancer research, this book provides a detailed look at inflammation-related carcinogenesis from the perspective of researchers at the forefront of the field. It takes an interdisciplinary approach to the topic, and provides comprehensive information about the major factors at work in inflammation, cancer, and the intersection of the two conditions. Topics include: A general overview of inflammation-related cancer The biochemistry of inflammation and its effects on DNA Molecular biology and the role of microRNA in carcinogenesis Specific causative agents including oncogenic viruses, asbestos, and nanomaterial Anti-inflammatories, nutraceuticals, and other preventative measures A deeper understanding of the mechanisms behind inflammation-related carcinogenesis can lead to better patient outcomes by improving diagnostics and prevention, as well as altering the approach to treatment. Cancer and Inflammation Mechanisms: Chemical, Biological, and Clinical Aspects provides the knowledge base researchers need to push the field forward.