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The global epidemic of hepatitis B and C is a serious public health problem. Hepatitis B and C are the major causes of chronic liver disease and liver cancer in the world. In the next 10 years, 150,000 people in the United States will die from liver disease or liver cancer associated with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections. Today, between 800,000 and 1.4 million people in the United States have chronic hepatitis B and between 2.7 and 3.9 million have chronic hepatitis C. People most at risk for hepatitis B and C often are the least likely to have access to medical services. Reducing the rates of illness and death associated with these diseases will require greater awareness and knowledge among health care workers, improved identification of at-risk people, and improved access to medical care. Hepatitis B is a vaccine-preventable disease. Although federal public health officials recommend that all newborns, children, and at-risk adults receive the vaccine, about 46,000 new acute cases of the HBV infection emerge each year, including 1,000 in infants who acquire the infection during birth from their HBV-positive mothers. Unfortunately, there is no vaccine for hepatitis C, which is transmitted by direct exposure to infectious blood. Hepatitis and Liver Cancer identifies missed opportunities related to the prevention and control of HBV and HCV infections. The book presents ways to reduce the numbers of new HBV and HCV infections and the morbidity and mortality related to chronic viral hepatitis. It identifies priorities for research, policy, and action geared toward federal, state, and local public health officials, stakeholder, and advocacy groups and professional organizations.
Chronic liver failure is a frequent condition in clinical practice that encompasses all manifestations of patients with end-stage liver diseases. Chronic liver failure is a multiorgan syndrome that affects the liver, kidneys, brain, heart, lungs, adrenal glands, and vascular, coagulation, and immune systems. Chronic Liver Failure: Mechanisms and Management covers for the first time all aspects of chronic liver failure in a single book, from pathogenesis to current management. Each chapter is written by a worldwide known expert in their area and all provide the latest state-of-the-art knowledge. This volume is specifically designed to provide answers to clinical questions to all doctors dealing with patients with liver diseases, not only clinical gastroenterologists and hepatologists, but also to internists, nephrologists, intensive care physicians, and transplant surgeons.
Drug-Induced Liver Injury, Volume 85, the newest volume in the Advances in Pharmacology series, presents a variety of chapters from the best authors in the field. Chapters in this new release include Cell death mechanisms in DILI, Mitochondria in DILI, Primary hepatocytes and their cultures for the testing of drug-induced liver injury, MetaHeps an alternate approach to identify IDILI, Autophagy and DILI, Biomarkers and DILI, Regeneration and DILI, Drug-induced liver injury in obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, Mechanisms of Idiosyncratic Drug-Induced Liver Injury, the Evaluation and Treatment of Acetaminophen Toxicity, and much more. - Includes the authority and expertise of leading contributors in pharmacology - Presents the latest release in the Advances in Pharmacology series
Clinical Dilemmas in Viral Liver Disease is a practicalup-to-date handbook providing answers to the questions andchallenges that arise in day-to-day practice. Each short chapter addresses a different topic and providesevidence-based guidance on subjects ranging from optimizing currentmanagement through to special management problems and noveltreatments. This book is suitable for all medical professionals involved inthe care of patients with viral liver disease: established andtrainee hepatologists, pediatric hepatologists, pathologists,radiologists, transplant surgeons and nurse specialists
This pocket guide covers the common manifestations of liver disease, how to treat them and when to refer patients on to specialist centers. The book outlines the common clinical liver diseases such as fatty liver disease and hepatitis, among others, and their current up to date management. Written by experts in the field and containing figures and tables, as well as case histories and questions, this is an enjoyable and reader-friendly book for the busy physician. With its authoritative, didactic style and short chapters, it covers the common presentations and complications of liver disease, and how to deal with them. Given the increasing prevalence of liver disease in the UK and throughout Western Europe, this is an ideal reference book for primary care physicians, doctors in specialist training, clinical nurse specialists and for gastroenterologists, who see patients with liver disease in their working lives.
Testing and diagnosis of hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) infection is the gateway for access to both prevention and treatment services, and is a crucial component of an effective response to the hepatitis epidemic. Early identification of persons with chronic HBV or HCV infection enables them to receive the necessary care and treatment to prevent or delay progression of liver disease. Testing also provides an opportunity to link people to interventions to reduce transmission, through counselling on risk behaviors and provision of prevention commodities (such as sterile needles and syringes) and hepatitis B vaccination. These are the first WHO guidelines on testing for chronic HBV and HCV infection and complement published guidance by WHO on the prevention, care and treatment of chronic hepatitis C and hepatitis B infection. These guidelines outline the public health approach to strengthening and expanding current testing practices for HBV and HCV, and are intended for use across age groups and populations.
Hepatitis B and C cause most cases of hepatitis in the United States and the world. The two diseases account for about a million deaths a year and 78 percent of world's hepatocellular carcinoma and more than half of all fatal cirrhosis. In 2013 viral hepatitis, of which hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are the most common types, surpassed HIV and AIDS to become the seventh leading cause of death worldwide. The world now has the tools to prevent hepatitis B and cure hepatitis C. Perfect vaccination could eradicate HBV, but it would take two generations at least. In the meantime, there is no cure for the millions of people already infected. Conversely, there is no vaccine for HCV, but new direct-acting antivirals can cure 95 percent of chronic infections, though these drugs are unlikely to reach all chronically-infected people anytime soon. This report, the first of two, examines the feasibility of hepatitis B and C elimination in the United States and identifies critical success factors. The phase two report will outline a strategy for meeting the elimination goals discussed in this report.
Here's instant access to the symptoms, signs, differential diagnosis, and treatment for the full range of liver disorders. Written by an international 'who's who' of hepatology-and now in full color-this new 2nd Edition provides readers with top-notch, authoritative guidance they can count on! Discusses the hottest topics in the field, such as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and the latest information on liver transplantation. Includes expanded coverage of chronic hepatitis C, most notably the use of combination therapy with peginterferon and ribavirin and improvements in the management of the side effects of antiviral therapy. Offers the most recent therapeutic options for the management of chronic hepatitis B and advances in the understanding of the molecular biology of this virus. Updates the approach to the diagnosis of many liver diseases due to newer tests based on molecular techniques and advances in imaging. Features over 340 full-color illustrations. Uses a redesigned templated, outline format that makes reference a snap. Presents a concise, in-depth clinical summary-in an outline format-of the current practice of hepatology for each major disease entity. Provides a liberal use of tables, algorithms, and figures, rendering complex concepts understandable. Includes key point boxes at the beginning of each chapter, providing at-a-glance access to vital information. Includes alert symbols that highlight information that's critical to patient safety.
Completely revised new edition of the premier reference on pediatric liver disease. Liver Disease in Children, 3rd Edition provides authoritative coverage of every aspect of liver disease affecting infants, children, and adolescents. The book offers an integrated approach to the science and clinical practice of pediatric hepatology and charts the substantial progress in understanding and treating these diseases. Chapters are written by international experts and address the unique pathophysiology, manifestations, and management of these disorders in the pediatric population. The third edition has been thoroughly updated and features new contributions on liver development, cholestatic and autoimmune disorders, fatty liver disease, and inborn errors of metabolism. With the continued evolution of pediatric hepatology as a discipline, this text remains an essential reference for all physicians involved in the care of children with liver disease.
The field of hepatology is full of controversies and clinical dilemmas. Each day, gastroenterologists and hepatologists are faced with the challenge of making the best evidence-based decision in challenging cases that do not readily lend themselves to an easy answer, even with today's available medical literature. Controversies in Hepatology: The Experts Analyze Both Sides is based on the principle of an academic debate. Dr. Donald Jensen is joined by 50 colleagues who present evidence-based arguments for and against 17 key controversial areas in hepatology. Each point-counterpoint is then followed up by a summarization of key points by a leading expert in that topic area. Some Chapter Topics Include: * Should living donor liver transplantation be considered in adult acute liver failure? * Should hepatitis C be treated in patients with chronic kidney disease prior to kidney transplant? * Resect or observe asymptomatic hepatic adenoma? * Strictly adhere to the "6-month rule" for recent history of alcohol abuse in potential liver transplant candidates? * Autoimmune hepatitis: maintenance therapy for all patients or stop treatment after histologic remission? With concise clinical information to reinforce the point-counterpoint text, Controversies in Hepatology: The Experts Analyze Both Sides will become the go-to resource for teaching and perfecting the important skills required to weigh the evidence and arrive at an outcome.