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Your guide to a higher score on the NYSTCE? Why CliffsTestPrep Guides? Go with the name you know and trust Get the information you need--fast! Written by test-prep specialists About the contents: Introduction * Overview of the test * Tips for answering multiple-choice questions Part I: Subject Review * Focused reviews cover all subjects tested, including: English Language Arts; Mathematics; Science and Technology; Social Studies; The Fine Arts; Health and Fitness; Family and Consumer Science and Career Development; Foundations of Reading: Constructed-Response Assignment * Subareas focus on specific skills within the subjects * Questions within the review sections emphasize key concepts and skills Part II: Two Full-Length Practice Tests * Practice tests are structured like the actual test * Answers and explanations help enhance your understanding and pinpoint areas for further review Test-Prep Essentials from the Experts at CliffsNotes? More than Notes! CliffsAP? CliffsComplete? CliffsQuickReview? CliffsTestPrep? CliffsStudySolver An American BookWorks Project Contributors: Linda Anderson, MFA; Jana Dixon, EdM; Sara Dubow, PhD; Chandra J. Foote, PhD; Debrah Goldberg, PhD; John Niman, PhD; Paula Pierson, MFA; Josette C. Seibles, PhD; Ken Springer, PhD; Mark Turner, DMA; Laraine Wallowitz, PhD
NYSTCE Social Studies Practice Test Questions Prepared by our Dedicated Team of Experts! Practice Test Questions for: World History US History Geography Economics Civics and Government Practice Tests are a great way to study and prepare for a test! Practice tests can help you: * Quickly identify your strengths and weaknesses * Build self confidence * Practice the types of questions * Reduce exam anxiety - one of the primary causes of low marks! * Practice your exam time management Why not do everything you can to increase your score?
Accompanying DVD includes a first-grade reading workshop (shared reading, author studies, share time), an adult book discussion, a fourth-grade reading workshop (mini-lesson and literature discussion groups), and more.
Cuts through the complexities of educational research to give the novice reader a sound basis to define, develop, and conduct study, while providing insights for even the accomplished reader.
This hands-on, practical guide for ESL/EFL teachers and teacher educators outlines, for those who are new to doing action research, what it is and how it works. Straightforward and reader friendly, it introduces the concepts and offers a step-by-step guide to going through an action research process, including illustrations drawn widely from international contexts. Each chapter includes a variety of pedagogical activities. Bringing the how-to and the what together, this is the perfect text for BATESOL and MATESOL courses in which action research is the focus or a required component.
Grounded in a strong evidence base, this indispensable practitioner guide and text has given thousands of teachers tools to support the literacy growth of beginning and struggling readers in grades K?2. The interactive strategies approach (ISA) is organized around core instructional goals related to enhancing word learning and comprehension of text. The book provides guidance for assessment and instruction in whole-class, small-group, and one-to-one settings, using the curricular materials teachers already have. Purchasers get access to a companion website where they can download and print 26 reproducible forms in a convenient 8 1/2" x 11" size. Of special value, the website also features nearly 200 pages of additional printable forms, handouts, and picture sorts that supplement the book's content. New to This Edition *Incorporates the latest research on literacy development and on the ISA. *Describes connections to the Common Core State Standards (CCSS). *Explains how to use the ISA with English learners. *Chapter on fluency. *Expanded coverage of morphological knowledge. *Companion website with downloadable reproducible tools and extensive supplemental materials. See also Comprehensive Reading Intervention in Grades 3?8, by Lynn M. Gelzheiser, Donna M. Scanlon, Laura Hallgren-Flynn, and Peggy Connors, which presents the Interactive Strategies Approach--Extended (ISA-X) for intermediate and middle grade struggling readers.
Helping teachers engage K–12 students as participatory researchers to accomplish highly effective learning outcomes Integrating Teaching, Learning, and Action Research: Enhancing Instruction in the K–12 Classroom demonstrates how teachers can use action research as an integral component of teaching and learning. The text uses examples and lesson plans to demonstrate how student research processes can be incorporated into classroom lessons that are linked to standards. Key Features Guides teachers through systematic steps of planning, instruction, assessment, and evaluation, taking into account the diverse abilities and characteristics of their students, the complex body of knowledge and skills they must acquire, and the wide array of learning activities that can be engaged in the process Demonstrates how teacher action research and student action learning—working in tandem—create a dynamic, engaging learning community that enables students to achieve desired learning outcomes Provides clear directions and examples of how to apply action research to core classroom activities: lesson planning, instructional processes, student learning activities, assessment, and evaluation
In reading, word frequency is commonly regarded as the major bottom-up determinant for the speed of lexical access. Moreover, language processing depends on top-down information, such as the predictability of a word from a previous context. Yet, however, the exact role of top-down predictions in visual word recognition is poorly understood: They may rapidly affect lexical processes, or alternatively, influence only late post-lexical stages. To add evidence about the nature of top-down processes and their relation to bottom-up information in the timeline of word recognition, we examined influences of frequency and predictability on event-related potentials (ERPs) in several sentence reading studies. The results were related to eye movements from natural reading as well as to models of word recognition. As a first and major finding, interactions of frequency and predictability on ERP amplitudes consistently revealed top-down influences on lexical levels of word processing (Chapters 2 and 4). Second, frequency and predictability mediated relations between N400 amplitudes and fixation durations, pointing to their sensitivity to a common stage of word recognition; further, larger N400 amplitudes entailed longer fixation durations on the next word, a result providing evidence for ongoing processing beyond a fixation (Chapter 3). Third, influences of presentation rate on ERP frequency and predictability effects demonstrated that the time available for word processing critically co-determines the course of bottom-up and top-down influences (Chapter 4). Fourth, at a near-normal reading speed, an early predictability effect suggested the rapid comparison of top-down hypotheses with the actual visual input (Chapter 5). The present results are compatible with interactive models of word recognition assuming that early lexical processes depend on the concerted impact of bottom-up and top-down information. We offered a framework that reconciles the findings on a timeline of word recognition taking into account influences of frequency, predictability, and presentation rate (Chapter 4).