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Wild Chinook salmon, some migrating more than 900 miles to the ocean from the high mountains of Idaho, once made up nearly 50% of the Columbia River Basin's salmon runs. In 2020, and over the last twenty years, wild Chinook in Idaho have been in crisis, placed on the endangered species list, and face the growing threat of extinction. In fact, only 2 % of Idaho's wild Chinook population remains. This is not only a crisis for this Idaho salmon but also for biodiversity in the Pacific Northwest. Snake River Chinook salmon are culturally important to many indigenous peoples and are the main source of food for the Southern Resident killer whales (orcas) of Puget Sound; therefore, the plight of Chinook salmon is adversely affecting native traditions and sustenance, and also the Southern Resident orcas, which are also on the endangered species list. Because Chinook salmon who originate in Idaho travel the farthest through the Columbia River Basin to the Pacific Ocean... and back... than any other Chinook population in the lower 48 states, the focus of this book is on them and their miraculous, obstacle-filled migration. It is for the fish and young people that I write this book- in hopes of enlightening and inspiring kids all over the country, not just in Idaho, to learn how very special these brave salmon are and to join me in protecting them!
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Pacific salmon are an important biological and economic resource of countries of the North Pacific rim. They are also a unique group of fish possessing unusually complex life histories. There are seven species of Pacific salmon, five occurring on both the North American and Asian continents (sockeye, pink, chum, chinook, and coho) and two (masu and amago) only in Asia. The life cycle of the Pacific salmon begins in the autumn when the adult female deposits eggs that are fertilized in gravel beds in rivers or lakes. The young emerge from the gravel the following spring and will either migrate immediately to salt water or spend one or more years in a river or lake before migrating. Migrations in the ocean are extensive during the feeding and growing phase, covering thousands of kilometres. After one or more years the maturing adults find their way back to their home river, returning to their ancestral breeding grounds to spawn. They die after spawning and the eggs in the gravel signify a new cycle. Upon this theme Pacific salmon have developed many variations, both between as well as within species. Pacific Salmon Life Histories provides detailed descriptions of the different life phases through which each of the seven species passes. Each chapter is written by a scientist who has spent years studying and observing a particular species of salmon. Some of the topics covered are geographic distribution, transplants, freshwater life, ocean life, development, growth, feeding, diet, migration, and spawning behaviour. The text is richly supplemented by numerous maps, illustrations, colour plates, and tables and there is a detailed general index, as well as a useful geographical index.
The Behavior and Ecology of Pacific Salmon and Trout explains the patterns of mate choice, the competition for nest sites, and the fate of the salmon after their death. It describes the lives of offspring during the months they spend incubating in gravel, growing in fresh water, and migrating out to sea to mature. This thorough, up-to-date survey should be on the shelf of everyone with a professional or personal interest in Pacific salmon and trout. Written in a technically accurate but engaging style, it will appeal to a wide range of readers, including students, anglers, biologists, conservationists, legislators, and armchair naturalists.
Follow salmon migration eight hundred fifty miles from the ocean to Idaho. Impossible. Do it during a global pandemic. More impossible. What does it take to pull off the unbelievable during a catastrophic moment in human history? Somehow, I found the answer, but it took more out of me than I anticipated. What happened in front of the camera is in the film Ocean to Idaho. What happened behind the camera will be revealed in this book. This is the back story. My back story.
A natural history and celebration of the famous bears and salmon of Brooks River. On the Alaska Peninsula, where exceptional landscapes are commonplace, a small river attracts attention far beyond its scale. Each year, from summer to early fall, brown bears and salmon gather at Brooks River to create one of North America’s greatest wildlife spectacles. As the salmon leap from the cascade, dozens of bears are there to catch them (with as many as forty-three bears sighted in a single day), and thousands of people come to watch in person or on the National Park Service’s popular Brooks Falls Bearcam. The Bears of Brooks Falls tells the story of this region and the bears that made it famous in three parts. The first forms an ecological history of the region, from its dormancy 30,000 years ago to the volcanic events that transformed it into the Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes. The central and longest section is a deep dive into the lives of the wildlife along the Brooks River, especially the bears and salmon. Readers will learn about the bears’ winter hibernation, mating season, hunting rituals, migration patterns, and their relationship with Alaska’s changing environment. Finally, the book explores the human impact, both positive and negative, on this special region and its wild population.