Download Free Chemical Precipitation Processes For The Treatment Of Aqueous Radioactive Waste Book in PDF and EPUB Free Download. You can read online Chemical Precipitation Processes For The Treatment Of Aqueous Radioactive Waste and write the review.

The purpose of this report is to provide a review of chemical precipitation processes for the treatment of low and intermediate level aqueous waste. It supersedes Technical Reports Series No. 89, Chemical Treatment of Radioactive Wastes, published in 1968. It provides data on the performance of existing plants and on improved processes that are in an advanced state of development.
This report describes a wide spectrum of treatment processes of both aqueous and organic radioactive wastes. It briefly covers upgraded traditional and well proven processes such as chemical precipitation, ion exchange and evaporation, and focuses on rather new membrane and electrochemical processes and combinations of these processes. Methods based on the use of biological processes for the treatment of liquid radioactive wastes are described in this report for the first time. It also describes both advantages and disadvantages of the technologies mentioned.
The purpose of this technical seminar was to evaluate the present state of the art in matter of advanced separation techniques like solvent extraction, ion-exchange, chemical precipitation, membrane and electrical processes for the treatment of radioactive liquid waste and a selection of some specific industrial non-radioactive effluents. Through this initiative, the organisers aimed at promoting the exchange of information between scientists from various origins (universities, research centres and industries) while contributing to the necessary overcoming of the artificial barriers which too often limit the "technology transfer" between the nuclear and non-nuclear sectors. Vll CONTENTS PREFACE ........................................ V ABBREVIATIONS ...................................... xiv OPENING SESSION WELCOME ADDRESS C. MANCINI (ENEA) .................................... 3 OPENING ADDRESS S. FINZI (CEC) ....................................... 7 AREAS WHERE ADVANCED SEPARATION TECHNIQUES ARE DESIRABLE G. GROSSI (ENEA), L. CECILLE (CEC) ....................... 11 REVIEW OF NEW EXTRACT ANTS POTENTIALLY APPLICABLE TO THE PROCESSING OF RADIOACTIVE LIQUID WASTES (Summary) P.R. DANESI, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 . . . . . . . . . .
Provides detailed information on the handling, processing and storage techniques most widely used and recommended for waste from non-fuel-cycle activities. The report was designed to meet the needs of developing countries by focusing on the most simple, affordable and reliable techniques and discussing their advantages and limitations.
The separation of radioactive waste materials into their chemical components is at the heart of all efforts to reduce the volume of nuclear waste. In Chemical Separations in Nuclear Waste Management: The State of the Art and a Look to the Future, the authors discuss the present state and possible future directions of separations science and technology. The book presents an overview of the environmental legacy from nuclear weapons production in the United States and the former Soviet Union, the magnitude of the cleanup efforts that are underway in both countries, and the pivotal role played in these efforts by separations science. Needs that are specific to the future development of separations science and technology are emphasized. Contents:1. Overview of Chemical Separation Methods. II. The Environmental Legacy of the Cold War: Site Cleanup in the United States. III. Environmental Impacts of Separation Technologies in Russia. IV. Non-Aqueous Separation Methods. V. U.S.-Russian Cooperative Program in Research and Development of Chemical Separation Technologies. VI. Radiation Protection Aspects of Nuclear Waste Separations. VII. Accelerator-Driven Transmutation Technologies for Nuclear Waste Treatment.
As part of the River Protection Project at Hanford, Washington, Bechtel National, Inc. has been contracted by the United States Department of Energy to design a Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant to stabilize liquid radioactive waste. Because of its experience with radioactive waste stabilization, the Savannah River Technology Center of the Westinghouse Savannah River Company is working with Bechtel National and Washington Group International, to help design and test certain parts of the Waste Treatment Plant. One part of the process is the separation of radioactive isotopes from the liquid waste by a precipitation reaction and cross-flow ultrafiltration. To better understand those combined processes an experiment was performed using a simulated radioactive waste, made to prototypically represent the chemical and physical characteristics of a Hanford waste in tank 241-AN-102 and precipitated under prototypic conditions. The resultant slurry was then filtered using a cross-flow filter prototypic in porosity, length, and diameter to the plant design. An important aspect of filtration for waste treatment is the rate at which permeate is produced. There are many factors that affect filtration rate and one of the most difficult to obtain is the effect of particles in the waste streams. The Waste Treatment Plant will filter many waste streams, with varying concentrations and types of dissolved and undissolved solids. An added complication is the need to precipitate organic complexants so they can be efficiently separated from the supernatant. Depending on how precipitation is performed, the newly created solids will add to the complicating factors that determine permeate flux rate. To investigate the effect of precipitated solids on filter flux a pilot-scale test was performed and two different mixing mechanisms were used for the precipitation reaction. A standard impeller type mixer, which created a homogeneous mixture, and a pulse jet mixer, which created a ''less than'' homogeneous precipitation environment. Pulse jet mixers are included in the design of the Waste Treatment Plant because they have no moving parts, which is advantageous for radioactive operations as no maintenance is required. A pulse jet mixer uses alternate pulses of pressurized air and vacuum to mix tank contents. This pulse jet mixer was not expected to establish a homogeneous mixture throughout the test tank, therefore, it was important to know its effect on filtration after a waste is precipitated. This paper discusses the experimental results of cross-flow filter flux after a simulated waste is precipitated under each of the two mixing methods. The main conclusion reached is that while the ''less than well mixed'' jet-pulsed waste gave a lower average filter flux it may still be sufficiently large enough to meet plant requirements.