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Illustrates the Complex Biochemical Relations that Permit Life to ExistIt can be argued that the dawn of the 21st century has emerged as the age focused on molecular biology, which includes all the regulatory mechanisms that make cellular biochemical reaction pathways stable and life possible. For biomedical engineers, this concept is essential to
Concepts and techniques in genomics and proteomics covers the important concepts of high-throughput modern techniques used in the genomics and proteomics field. Each technique is explained with its underlying concepts, and simple line diagrams and flow charts are included to aid understanding and memory. A summary of key points precedes each chapter within the book, followed by detailed description in the subsections. Each subsection concludes with suggested relevant original references. - Provides definitions for key concepts - Case studies are included to illustrate ideas - Important points to remember are noted
Advances in chemistry, biology and genomics coupled with laboratory automation and computational technologies have led to the rapid emergence of the multidisciplinary field of chemical genomics. This edited text, with contributions from experts in the field, discusses the new techniques and applications that help further the study of chemical genomics. The beginning chapters provide an overview of the basic principles of chemical biology and chemical genomics. This is followed by a technical section that describes the sources of small-molecule chemicals; the basics of high-throughput screening technologies; and various bioassays for biochemical-, cellular- and organism-based screens. The final chapters connect the chemical genomics field with personalized medicine and the druggable genome for future discovery of new therapeutics. This book will be valuable to researchers, professionals and graduate students in many fields, including biology, biomedicine and chemistry.
The patenting and licensing of human genetic material and proteins represents an extension of intellectual property (IP) rights to naturally occurring biological material and scientific information, much of it well upstream of drugs and other disease therapies. This report concludes that IP restrictions rarely impose significant burdens on biomedical research, but there are reasons to be apprehensive about their future impact on scientific advances in this area. The report recommends 13 actions that policy-makers, courts, universities, and health and patent officials should take to prevent the increasingly complex web of IP protections from getting in the way of potential breakthroughs in genomic and proteomic research. It endorses the National Institutes of Health guidelines for technology licensing, data sharing, and research material exchanges and says that oversight of compliance should be strengthened. It recommends enactment of a statutory exception from infringement liability for research on a patented invention and raising the bar somewhat to qualify for a patent on upstream research discoveries in biotechnology. With respect to genetic diagnostic tests to detect patient mutations associated with certain diseases, the report urges patent holders to allow others to perform the tests for purposes of verifying the results.
Technologies collectively called omics enable simultaneous measurement of an enormous number of biomolecules; for example, genomics investigates thousands of DNA sequences, and proteomics examines large numbers of proteins. Scientists are using these technologies to develop innovative tests to detect disease and to predict a patient's likelihood of responding to specific drugs. Following a recent case involving premature use of omics-based tests in cancer clinical trials at Duke University, the NCI requested that the IOM establish a committee to recommend ways to strengthen omics-based test development and evaluation. This report identifies best practices to enhance development, evaluation, and translation of omics-based tests while simultaneously reinforcing steps to ensure that these tests are appropriately assessed for scientific validity before they are used to guide patient treatment in clinical trials.
PROVIDES STRATEGIES AND CONCEPTS FOR UNDERSTANDING CHEMICAL PROTEOMICS, AND ANALYZING PROTEIN FUNCTIONS, MODIFICATIONS, AND INTERACTIONS—EMPHASIZING MASS SPECTROMETRY THROUGHOUT Covering mass spectrometry for chemical proteomics, this book helps readers understand analytical strategies behind protein functions, their modifications and interactions, and applications in drug discovery. It provides a basic overview and presents concepts in chemical proteomics through three angles: Strategies, Technical Advances, and Applications. Chapters cover those many technical advances and applications in drug discovery, from target identification to validation and potential treatments. The first section of Mass Spectrometry-Based Chemical Proteomics starts by reviewing basic methods and recent advances in mass spectrometry for proteomics, including shotgun proteomics, quantitative proteomics, and data analyses. The next section covers a variety of techniques and strategies coupling chemical probes to MS-based proteomics to provide functional insights into the proteome. In the last section, it focuses on using chemical strategies to study protein post-translational modifications and high-order structures. Summarizes chemical proteomics, up-to-date concepts, analysis, and target validation Covers fundamentals and strategies, including the profiling of enzyme activities and protein-drug interactions Explains technical advances in the field and describes on shotgun proteomics, quantitative proteomics, and corresponding methods of software and database usage for proteomics Includes a wide variety of applications in drug discovery, from kinase inhibitors and intracellular drug targets to the chemoproteomics analysis of natural products Addresses an important tool in small molecule drug discovery, appealing to both academia and the pharmaceutical industry Mass Spectrometry-Based Chemical Proteomics is an excellent source of information for readers in both academia and industry in a variety of fields, including pharmaceutical sciences, drug discovery, molecular biology, bioinformatics, and analytical sciences.
Since the publication of the pioneering first edition of Chemical Genomics and Proteomics more than seven years ago, the area of chemical genomics has rapidly expanded and diversified to numerous novel methods and subdisciplines, such as chemical glycomics and lipidomics. This second edition has been updated to uniquely reflect this interdisciplinary feature as well as the remarkable developments that have occurred. The new edition also covers innovative applications from cell biology to drug discovery to, more recently, clinical diagnostics and medical practice.
This new third edition updates a best-selling encyclopedia. It includes about 56% more words than the 1,392-page second edition of 2003. The number of illustrations increased to almost 2,000 and their quality has improved by design and four colors. It includes approximately 1,800 current databases and web servers. This encyclopedia covers the basics and the latest in genomics, proteomics, genetic engineering, small RNAs, transcription factories, chromosome territories, stem cells, genetic networks, epigenetics, prions, hereditary diseases, and patents. Similar integrated information is not available in textbooks or on the Internet.
The new field of toxicogenomics presents a potentially powerful set of tools to better understand the health effects of exposures to toxicants in the environment. At the request of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, the National Research Council assembled a committee to identify the benefits of toxicogenomics, the challenges to achieving them, and potential approaches to overcoming such challenges. The report concludes that realizing the potential of toxicogenomics to improve public health decisions will require a concerted effort to generate data, make use of existing data, and study data in new waysâ€"an effort requiring funding, interagency coordination, and data management strategies.
Mass spectrometry is one of the most widespread technologies in chemistry and has been increasingly used in biology with the rise of omics sciences. This book summarizes some important methodological approaches in mass spectrometry and applications in the field of chemical biology. The core chapters build on basic concepts introduced in the opening chapter and explore established fields such as high throughput screening, proteomics and metabolomics. Emerging applications of mass spectrometry in elucidating biosynthetic pathways, enzyme mechanisms and protein-protein interactions are then presented. Connections between these diverse research fields are highlighted throughout. The book concludes with a discussion of databases and future perspectives. This book will be a useful tool to early chemical biology researchers wishing to incorporate mass spectrometry as a tool in their research.