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This study presents measurements of distributions of charged particles which are produced in proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of √s=8TeV and recorded by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. A special dataset recorded in 2012 with a small number of interactions per beam crossing (below 0.004) and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 160 ?b-1 was used. A minimum-bias trigger was utilised to select a data sample of more than 9 million collision events. The multiplicity, pseudorapidity, and transverse momentum distributions of charged particles are shown in different regions of kinematics and charged-particle multiplicity, including measurements of final states at high multiplicity. Finally, the results are corrected for detector effects and are compared to the predictions of various Monte Carlo event generator models which simulate the full hadronic final state.
Results are presented on the topological cross sections obtained for antiproton-proton interactions from an exposure of the Fermilab 30-inch bubble chamber to a 100 GeV/ c negative beam enriched in p 's. The p p inelastic cross section is found to be [sigma] inel = 34.6 ± 0.4 mb, and the average inelastic charged particle multiplicity to be $\langle$n$\rangle$ = 6.74 ± 0.05.
Many high-energy collider experiments (including the current Large Hadron Collider at CERN) involve the collision of hadrons. Hadrons are composite particles consisting of partons (quarks and gluons), and this means that in any hadron-hadron collision there will typically be multiple collisions of the constituents — i.e. multiple parton interactions (MPI). Understanding the nature of the MPI is important in terms of searching for new physics in the products of the scatters, and also in its own right to gain a greater understanding of hadron structure. This book aims at providing a pedagogical introduction and a comprehensive review of different research lines linked by an involvement of MPI phenomena. It is written by pioneers as well as young leading scientists, and reviews both experimental findings and theoretical developments, discussing also the remaining open issues.
Charged particle multiplicities in hadronic collision have been measured for all energies up to .sqrt.s = 540 GeV in the center of mass. Similar measurements in ee− annihilation cover the much smaller range - up to .sqrt.s = 40 GeV. Data are also available from deep inelastic neutrino scattering up to .sqrt.s approx. 10 GeV. The experiments measure the mean charged multiplicity , the rapidity density at y = O, and the distributions in prong number. The mean number of photons associated with the events can be used to measure the .pi.° and eta° multiplicities. Some information is also available on the charged pion, kaon, and nucleon fractions as well as the K° and .lambda.° rates and for the higher energy data, the identically equal fraction. We review this data and consider the implications of extrapolations to SSC energies. 13 references.