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Handling of powders and bulk solids is a critical industrial technology across a broad spectrum of industries, from minerals processing to bulk and fine chemicals, and the food and pharmaceutical industries, yet is rarely found in the curricula of engineering or chemistry departments. With contributions from leading authors in their respective fields, Characterisation of Bulk Solids provides the reader with a sound understanding of the techniques, importance and application of particulate materials characterisation. It covers the fundamental characteristics of individual particles and bulk particulate materials, and includes discussion of a wide range of measurement techniques, and the use of material characteristics in design and industrial practice. The reader will then be in a better position to diagnose solids handling and processing problems in industry, and to deal with experts and equipment suppliers from an informed standpoint. Written for post-graduate engineers, chemical scientists and technologists at all stages of their industrial career, the book will also serve as an ideal primer in any of the specialist areas to inform further study.
When the four of us decided to collaborate to write this book on pneumatic conveying, there were two aspects which were of some concern. Firstly, how could four people, who liveon four different continents, write a book on a fairly complex subject with such wide lines of communications? Secondly, there was the problem that two of the authors are chemical engineers.It has been noted that the majority of chemical engineers who work in the field of pneumatic conveying research have spent most of their time considering flow in vertical pipes. As such, there was some concern that the book might be biased towards vertical pneumatic conveying and that the horizontal aspects (which are clearly the most difficult!) would be somewhat neglected. We hope that you, as the reader, are going to be satisfied with the fact that you have a truly international dissertation on pneumatic conveying and, also, that there is an even spread between the theoretical and practical aspects of pneumatic conveying technology.
This handbook presents comprehensive coverage of the technology for conveying and handling particulate solids. Each chapter covers a different topic and contains both fundamentals and applications. Usually, each chapter, or a topic within a chapter, starts with one of the review papers. Chapter 1 covers the characterization of the particulate materials. Chapter 2 covers the behaviour of particulate materials during storage, and presents recent developments in storage and feeders design and performance. Chapter 3 presents fundamental studies of particulate flow, while Chapters 4 and 5 present transport solutions, and the pitfalls of pneumatic, slurry, and capsule conveying. Chapters 6, 7 and 8 cover both the fundamentals and development of processes for particulate solids, starting from fluidisation and drying, segregation and mixing, and size-reduction and enlargement. Chapter 9 presents environmental aspects and the classification of the particulate materials after they have been handled by one of the above-mentioned processes. Finally, Chapter 10 covers applications and developments of measurement techniques that are the heart of the analysis of any conveying or handling system.
An understanding ofthe properties and the handling characteristics of liquids and gases has long been regarded as an essential requirement for most practising engineers. It is therefore not surprising that, over the years, there has been a regular appearance of books dealing with the fundamentals of fluid mechanics, fluid flow, hydraulics and related topics. What is surprising is that there has been no parallel development of the related discipline of Bulk Solids Handling, despite its increasing importance in modern industry across the world. It is only very recently that a structured approach to the teaching, and learning, of the subject has begun to evolve. A reason for the slow emergence of Bulk Solids Handling as an accepted topic of study in academic courses on mechanical, agricultural, chemical, mining and civil engineering is perhaps that the practice is so often taken for granted. Certainly the variety of materials being handled in bulk is almost endless, ranging in size from fine dust to rocks, in value from refuse to gold, and in temperature from deep-frozen peas to near-molten metal.
Pneumatic Conveying Design Guide is a guide for the design of pneumatic conveying systems and includes detailed data and information on the conveying characteristics of a number of materials with a wide range of properties. This book includes logic diagrams for design procedures and scaling parameters for the conveying line configuration. It also explains how to improve the performance of pneumatic conveyors by optimizing, uprating, and extending the system or adapting it for a change of material. This book consists of 15 chapters divided into three sections and opens with an overview of the state of the art on pneumatic conveying, along with definitions of the terms used in pneumatic conveying. The next chapter describes the various types of pneumatic conveying systems and the parameters that influence their capabilities in terms of material flow rate and conveying distance. The discussion then turns to feeding and discharging of the conveying line; selection of a pneumatic conveying system for a particular application; and design procedures for pneumatic conveying system. The theory and use of compressed air in pneumatic conveying are also considered, along with the effect of material properties on conveying performance; troubleshooting; and operational problems and some solutions. The final chapter is devoted to the use of bench-scale test methods to determine the material properties relevant to pneumatic conveying. This monograph is intended for designers and users of pneumatic conveying systems.
This edited volume presents most techniques and methods that have been developed by material scientists, chemists, chemical engineers and physicists for the commercial production of particulate materials, ranging from the millimeter to the nanometer scale. The scope includes the physical and chemical background, experimental optimization of equipment and procedures, as well as an outlook on future methods. The books addresses issues of industrial importance such as specifications, control parameter(s), control strategy, process models, energy consumption and discusses the various techniques in relation to potential applications. In addition to the production processes, all major unit operations and characterization methods are described in this book. It differs from other books which are devoted to a single technique or a single material. Contributors to this book are acknowledged experts in their field. The aim of the book is to facilitate comparison of the different unit operations leading to optimum equipment choices for the production, handling and storage of particulate materials. An advantage of this approach is that unit operations that are common in one field of application are made accessible to other fields. The overall focus is on industrial application and the book includes some concrete examples. The book is an essential resource for students or researchers who work in collaboration with manufacturing industries or who are planning to make the switch from academia to industry.
The book concentrates on powder flow properties, their measurement and applications. These topics are explained starting from the interactions between individual particles up to the design of silos. A wide range of problems are discussed – such as flow obstructions, segregation, and vibrations. The goal is to provide a deeper understanding of the powder flow, and to show practical solutions.
Pneumatic conveying systems offer enormous advantages: flexibility in plant layout, automatic operation, easy control and monitoring, and the ability to handle diverse materials, especially dangerous, toxic, or explosive materials. The Handbook of Pneumatic Conveying Engineering provides the most complete, comprehensive reference on all types and s
Because of the importance of multiphase flows in a wide variety of industries, including power, petroleum, and numerous processing industries, an understanding of the behavior and underlying theoretical concepts of these systems is critical. Contributed by a team of prominent experts led by a specialist with more than thirty years of experience, the Multiphase Flow Handbook provides such an understanding, and much more. It covers all aspects of multiphase flows, from fundamentals to numerical methods and instrumentation. The book begins with an introduction to the fundamentals of particle/fluid/bubble interactions followed by gas/liquid flows and methods for calculating system parameters. It includes up-to-date information on practical industrial applications such as boiling and condensation, fluidized beds, aerosols, separation systems, pollution control, granular and porous media flow, pneumatic and slurry transport, and sprays. Coverage then turns to the most recent information on particle/droplet-fluid interactions, with a chapter devoted to microgravity and microscale flows and another on basic multiphase interactions. Rounding out the presentation, the authors discuss numerical methods, state-of-the art instrumentation, and advanced experimental techniques. Supplying up-to-date, authoritative information on all aspects of multiphase flows along with numerous problems and examples, the Multiphase Flow Handbook is the most complete reference available for understanding the flow of multiphase mixtures.
"Bulk Solids Handling: Equipment Selection and Operation provides an overview of the major technologies involved in the storage and handling of particulate materials from large grains to fine cohesive materials. - Topics covered include characterisation of individual particles and bulk particulate materials, silo design for strength and flow, pneumatic conveying systems, mechanical conveying, and small scale operations. - Guidance is given on appropriate equipment choices depending on the type of material to be handled, and applications and limitations of current bulk solids handling equipment are discussed."--Jacket.