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Introduction -- Land use and crop production -- Livestock and poultry enterprises -- Farm income -- Farm capital -- Farm prices -- Allocation of net farm income -- Gross production and inputs.
All over the world, governments play a part in the milk business for compelling economic reasons and not, as many assert, just because dairy farmers are numerous and organized. This book examines the role of federal, state, and local governments in the dairy economy of the United States, where major public involvement in industry began during the Great Depression. Dr. Manchester considers the conditions in the 1930s that led to government involvement, the changes that have occurred in the industry and the public role since then, and the prospects for the 1980s and beyond. He also analyzes possible alternative public dairy policies for the present and the rest of the decade. Many things have changed, points out Dr. Manchester, but the fundamental conditions that led to public involvement in the dairy industry still exist.
Changes in climate that intensify drought and accelerate the spread of livestock parasites and diseases darken the economic future for sub-Saharan pastoralists. Already stressed, as industrial and urban development narrow their access to pastures and water for their animals, many pastoralists face a bleak choice: abandon their livestock and their cultural heritage or die. In Uganda, however, the outlook for pastoralists is becoming much brighter. Thousands of pastoralists in Uganda point the way toward a better option: commercial milk production.
Financial stress encountered by dairy farmers in recent years has led Congress and the industry to reconsider how to deal with fluctuations in milk prices and financial prospects for dairy farmers. Some Members have voiced interest in alternatives to current federal programs (which expire in 2012). Alternative policies could either be incorporated into the next omnibus farm bill or enacted separately before expiration. The dairy industry is currently developing or advocating a variety of policy changes. This book examines dairy policy options for the next farm bill which are loosely categorized as either supply management, market-based, or tiered-pricing. These proposals have implications for U.S. dairy farmers, competitiveness of the U.S. dairy industry, and international trade.