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Through an examination of Old Norse and Celtic parallels to certain works of Chaucer, McTurk here identifies hitherto unrecognized sources for these works in early Irish tradition. He revives the idea that Chaucer visited Ireland between 1361 and 1366, placing new emphasis on the date of the enactment of the Statute of Kilkenny. Examining Chaucer’s House of Fame, McTurk uncovers parallels involving eagles, perilous entrances, and scatological jokes about poetry in the Topographia Hibernie by Gerald of Wales, Snorri Sturluson’s Edda, and the Old Irish sagas Fled Bricrend and Togail Bruidne Da Derga. He compares The Canterbury Tales, with its use of the motif of a journey as a framework for a tale-collection, with both Snorri’s Edda and the Middle Irish saga Acallam na Senórach. McTurk presents a compelling argument that these works represent Irish traditions which influenced Chaucer’s writing. In this study, McTurk also argues that the thirteenth-century Icelandic Laxdæla Saga and Chaucer’s Wife of Bath’s Prologue and Tale each descend from an Irish version of the Loathly Lady story. Further, he surmises that Chaucer’s five-stress line may derive from the tradition of Irish song known as amhrán, which, there is reason to suppose, existed in Ireland well before Chaucer’s time.
This is the fifth volume from the International Sparta Seminar, in the series founded by Anton Powell and Stephen Hodkinson. Thomas J. Figueira is here the editor of sixteen papers; fifteen are new, the other is newly translated from the French. Among the authors are most of the world's leading authorities on the history of Sparta. There are particular concentrations of papers on Spartan women; the economy of Sparta; helots and Messenians; Xenophon and Sparta; and the modern reception of Sparta.
Ten new essays from a distinguished international cast treat Sparta's most famous area of activity. The results are challenging. Among the contributors, Thomas Figueira explores the paradox that Sparta's cavalry was an undistinguished institution. Jean Ducat conducts the most thorough study to date of Sparta's official cowards, the 'tremblers'. Anton Powell asks why Sparta chose not to destroy Athens after the Peloponnesian War. And Stephen Hodkinson argues that the image of Spartan society as militaristic may after all be a?mirage. This is the sixth volume from the International Sparta Seminar, founded by Powell and Hodkinson in 1988. The series has established itself as the main forum for the study of Spartan history.
IntroductionLINGUISTIC INVESTIGATIONS:Calvert Watkins: A Celtic MiscellanyVyacheslav Vs. Ivanov: Palatalization and Labiovelars in LuwianDarya Kavitskaya: Vowel Epenthesis and Syllable Structure in HittiteIlya Yakubovich: ?Stative? Suffix /ai a/ in the Verbal System of old IndicCarol F. Justus: The Arrival of Italic and Germanic `have? in Late Indo EuropeanApostolos N. Athanassakis: ?keanos Mythic and Linguistic OriginsMartin E. Huld: IE `bear? Ursus arctos, Ursa Major, and Ursa minor.STUDIES IN POETIC DICTION:Dean Miller: Kings Communicating - Royal Speech and the Fourth FunctionThomas R. Walsh: Towards the Poetics of Potions - Helen's Cup and Indo European ComparandaRalph Gallucci: Studies in Homeric Epic TraditionEdwin D. Floyd: Cometas, On Lazarus?A Resurrection of Indo European Poetics?INDO EUROPEAN EXPANSION:Edwin F. Bryant: The Indo Aryan Invasion Debate?The Logic of the ResponseJeannine Davis Kimball: Priestesses, Enarees, and Other Statuses among Indo Iranian PeoplesAndrew Sherratt: Echoes of the Big Bang?The Historical Context of Language Dispersal.