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Read and discover all about amazing cells and microbes. What are the smallest living things on Earth? How do antibiotics work? Read and discover more about the world! This series of non-fiction readers provides interesting and educational content, with activities and project work.
How small can a free-living organism be? On the surface, this question is straightforward-in principle, the smallest cells can be identified and measured. But understanding what factors determine this lower limit, and addressing the host of other questions that follow on from this knowledge, require a fundamental understanding of the chemistry and ecology of cellular life. The recent report of evidence for life in a martian meteorite and the prospect of searching for biological signatures in intelligently chosen samples from Mars and elsewhere bring a new immediacy to such questions. How do we recognize the morphological or chemical remnants of life in rocks deposited 4 billion years ago on another planet? Are the empirical limits on cell size identified by observation on Earth applicable to life wherever it may occur, or is minimum size a function of the particular chemistry of an individual planetary surface? These questions formed the focus of a workshop on the size limits of very small organisms, organized by the Steering .Group for the Workshop on Size Limits of Very Small Microorganisms and held on October 22 and 23, 1998. Eighteen invited panelists, representing fields ranging from cell biology and molecular genetics to paleontology and mineralogy, joined with an almost equal number of other participants in a wide-ranging exploration of minimum cell size and the challenge of interpreting micro- and nano-scale features of sedimentary rocks found on Earth or elsewhere in the solar system. This document contains the proceedings of that workshop. It includes position papers presented by the individual panelists, arranged by panel, along with a summary, for each of the four sessions, of extensive roundtable discussions that involved the panelists as well as other workshop participants.
Microbes as Tools for Cell Biology bridges the gap between cell biology and microbiology. This laboratory guide provides a microbial tool kit for biologists who wish to use microbes as probes for basic cellular functions. The volume is organized into three sections, covering essential information on culture and genetic manipulation of microbes, assays for pathogen-host recognition, and analysis of intracellular parasitism. Each chapter outlines practical procedures and describes the rationale behind their development. This volume should prove useful to anyone interested in the biology of infectious agents, or their exploitation as a new generation of cell biological reagents.Key Features* Introduction by renowned microbiologist Dr. Stanley Falkow* Covers manipulation of pathogens, especially generation and selection of non-virulent phenotypes* Guides researchers in the study of intracellular pathogenesis* Describes microbial adherence and phagocytosis assays* Focuses on protein trafficking in infected cells* Well-illustrated with color plates, halftones, and diagrams
The book describes the different and exciting pathways which havebeen developed by pathogenic microbes to manage living inside hostcells. It covers intracellular life styles of all relevantpathogenic but also symbiotic microorganisms with respect to thecell biology of the host-microbe interactions and the microbialadaptations for intracellular survival. It features intracellulartrafficking pathways and characteristics of intracellular niches ofindividual microbes. The book also asks questions on the benefitsfor the microbe with regard to physiological needs and nutritionalaspects such as auxotrophy, effects on genome sizes, andconsequences for disease and host response/immunity (and thebenefits for the host in the cases of symbionts). Additionally, the book includes those pathogens that are medicallyless important but represent distinct intracellular niches,trafficking behaviours and virulence traits. The individualchapters also point out future challenges of research for therespective organism.
New York Times Bestseller New York Times Notable Book of 2016 • NPR Great Read of 2016 • Named a Best Book of 2016 by The Economist, Smithsonian, NPR's Science Friday, MPR, Minnesota Star Tribune, Kirkus Reviews, Publishers Weekly, The Guardian, Times (London) From Pulitzer Prize winner Ed Yong, a groundbreaking, wondrously informative, and vastly entertaining examination of the most significant revolution in biology since Darwin—a “microbe’s-eye view” of the world that reveals a marvelous, radically reconceived picture of life on earth. Every animal, whether human, squid, or wasp, is home to millions of bacteria and other microbes. Pulitzer Prize-winning author Ed Yong, whose humor is as evident as his erudition, prompts us to look at ourselves and our animal companions in a new light—less as individuals and more as the interconnected, interdependent multitudes we assuredly are. The microbes in our bodies are part of our immune systems and protect us from disease. In the deep oceans, mysterious creatures without mouths or guts depend on microbes for all their energy. Bacteria provide squid with invisibility cloaks, help beetles to bring down forests, and allow worms to cause diseases that afflict millions of people. Many people think of microbes as germs to be eradicated, but those that live with us—the microbiome—build our bodies, protect our health, shape our identities, and grant us incredible abilities. In this astonishing book, Ed Yong takes us on a grand tour through our microbial partners, and introduces us to the scientists on the front lines of discovery. It will change both our view of nature and our sense of where we belong in it.
Microbial Cell Factories Engineering for Production of Biomolecules presents a compilation of chapters written by eminent scientists worldwide. Sections cover major tools and technologies for DNA synthesis, design of biosynthetic pathways, synthetic biology tools, biosensors, cell-free systems, computer-aided design, OMICS tools, CRISPR/Cas systems, and many more. Although it is not easy to find relevant information collated in a single volume, the book covers the production of a wide range of biomolecules from several MCFs, including Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas putida, Streptomyces, Corynebacterium, Cyanobacteria, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Pichia pastoris and Yarrowia lipolytica, and algae, among many others. This will be an excellent platform from which scientific knowledge can grow and widen in MCF engineering research for the production of biomolecules. Needless to say, the book is a valuable source of information not only for researchers designing cell factories, but also for students, metabolic engineers, synthetic biologists, genome engineers, industrialists, stakeholders and policymakers interested in harnessing the potential of MCFs in several fields. - Offers basic understanding and a clear picture of various MCFs - Explains several tools and technologies, including DNA synthesis, synthetic biology tools, genome editing, biosensors, computer-aided design, and OMICS tools, among others - Harnesses the potential of engineered MCFs to produce a wide range of biomolecules for industrial, therapeutic, pharmaceutical, nutraceutical and biotechnological applications - Highlights the advances, challenges, and future opportunities in designing MCFs
Studies of the bacterial cell wall emerged as a new field of research in the early 1950s, and has flourished in a multitude of directions. This excellent book provides an integrated collection of contributions forming a fundamental reference for researchers and of general use to teachers, advanced students in the life sciences, and all scientists in bacterial cell wall research. Chapters include topics such as: Peptidoglycan, an essential constituent of bacterial endospores; Teichoic and teichuronic acids, lipoteichoic acids, lipoglycans, neural complex polysaccharides and several specialized proteins are frequently unique wall-associated components of Gram-positive bacteria; Bacterial cells evolving signal transduction pathways; Underlying mechanisms of bacterial resistance to antibiotics.