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Presents a description of the formation and physical features of caves and includes labeled color illustrations.
DISCOVER JUST HOW LONG IT REALLY TAKES FOR A CAVE TO FORM
Shortlisted for the Tratman Award 2015 To enter caves is to venture beyond the realm of the everyday. From huge vaulted caverns to impassable, water-filled passages; from the karst topography of Guilin in China to the lava tubes of Hawaii; from tiny remote pilgrimage sites to massive tourism enterprises, caves are places of mystery. Dark spaces that remain largely unexplored, caves are astonishing wonders of nature and habitats for exotic flora and fauna. This book investigates the natural and cultural history of caves and considers the roles caves have played in the human imagination and experience of the natural world. It explores the long history of the human fascination with caves, across countries and continents, examining their dual role as spaces of both wonder and fear. It tells the tales of the adventurers who pioneered the science of caves and those of the explorers and cave-divers still searching for new, unmapped routes deep into the earth. This book explores the lure of the subterranean world by examining caving and cave tourism and by looking to the mythology, literature, and art of caves. This lavishly illustrated book will appeal to general readers and experts alike interested in the ecology and use of caves, or the extraordinary artistic responses earth’s dark recesses have evoked over the centuries.
Cave organisms are the ‘monsters’ of the underground world and studying them invariably raises interesting questions about the ways evolution has equipped them to survive in permanent darkness and low-energy environments. Undertaking ecological studies in caves and other subterranean habitats is not only challenging because they are difficult to access, but also because the domain is so different from what we know from the surface, with no plants at the base of food chains and with a nearly constant microclimate year-round. The research presented here answers key questions such as how a constant environment can produce the enormous biodiversity seen below ground, what adaptations and peculiarities allow subterranean organisms to thrive, and how they are affected by the constraints of their environment. This book is divided into six main parts, which address: the habitats of cave animals; their complex diversity; the environmental factors that support that diversity; individual case studies of cave ecosystems; and of the conservation challenges they face; all of which culminate in proposals for future research directions. Given its breadth of coverage, it offers an essential reference guide for graduate students and established researchers alike.
In 1842, in the foothills of the Catskills, eccentric farmer Lester Howe and a neighbor began conducting lengthy and primitive explorations below ground at Howe's Scoharie Country farm. Each time the two returned, mud-covered, to the surface, they spoke of a cavern system that amazed them with its extent and complexity. Local Native Americans had known of the cave long before-they called it "Otsgaragee," the Cave of the Great Galleries-but Howe's chance rediscovery was the first chapter in the dramatic tale of one of America's oldest and greatest commercial caves. Just as dramatic as the caverns' features-walls of colored floorstone, gigantic columns of stalactites and stalagmites, murderously tight squeezes and vast open galleries-is the story of their evolution from natural wonder to tourist attraction. Noted natural historian Dana Cudmore examines this spectacular natural phenomenon, which is greeted by nearly a quarter of a million visitors each year. Packed with fascinating historical photographs, The Remarkable Howe Caverns Storyis a remarkable and compelling account of man's interaction with nature. "An interesting local history that should intrigue spelunkers and expand awareness of a site already well known to visitors of New York State's Leatherstocking region." ( Booklist) "Spelunkers and local history buffs will relish this engaging account." ( Publishers Weekly)
"The text along with a hundred full-color and black-and-white photographs reveal the glories of Texas caves, "wild" as well as commercial, showing different types of cave formations, the creatures that live in them, and the people who explore them."--BOOK JACKET.
When a sink hole opens up near the Australian outback town of Pintalba, it uncovers a pristine cave system. Sam joins an expedition to explore the subterranean passages as paramedic support, hoping to remain unneeded at base camp. But, when one of the cavers is injured, he must overcome paralysing claustrophobia to dive pitch-black waters and squeeze through the bowels of the earth. Soon he will find there are fates worse than being buried alive, for in the abandoned mines and caves beneath Pintalba, there are ravenous teeth in the dark. As a savage predator targets the group with hideous ferocity, Sam and his friends must fight for their lives if they are ever to see the sun again. "The Cavern is a tense and compelling descent into subterranean horror, with characters you will care about in a setting unlike most fiction these days. I've never been a fan of caving, but having read this book, I'm staying above ground in the sunlight forever." - Alan Baxter, author of DEVOURING DARK and the ALEX CAINE SERIES
Follow experienced cavers Nancy Holler Aulenbach and Hazel Barton as they explore caves in Greenland, the Grand Canyon, Colorado, Georgia, Yucatan Peninsula, and New Mexico on a scientific mission.