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This book is intended for graduate students and research mathematicians interested in partial differential equations.
The second edition of this book consists of three parts. The first one is dedicated to the WKB methods and the semi-classical limit before the formation of caustics. The second part treats the semi-classical limit in the presence of caustics, in the special geometric case where the caustic is reduced to a point (or to several isolated points). The third part is new in this edition, and addresses the nonlinear propagation of coherent states. The three parts are essentially independent.Compared with the first edition, the first part is enriched by a new section on multiphase expansions in the case of weakly nonlinear geometric optics, and an application related to this study, concerning instability results for nonlinear Schrödinger equations in negative order Sobolev spaces.The third part is an overview of results concerning nonlinear effects in the propagation of coherent states, in the case of a power nonlinearity, and in the richer case of Hartree-like nonlinearities. It includes explicit formulas of an independent interest, such as generalized Mehler's formula, generalized lens transform.
This book contains fourteen research papers which are expanded versions of conferences given at a meeting held in September 1996 in Cortona, Italy. The topics include blowup questions for quasilinear equations in two dimensions, time decay of waves in LP, uniqueness results for systems of conservation laws in one dimension, concentra tion effects for critical nonlinear wave equations, diffraction of nonlin ear waves, propagation of singularities in scattering theory, caustics for semi-linear oscillations. Other topics linked to microlocal analysis are Sobolev embedding theorems in Weyl-Hormander calculus, local solv ability for pseudodifferential equations, hypoellipticity for highly degen erate operators. The book also contains a result on uniqueness for the Cauchy problem under partial analyticity assumptions and an article on the regularity of solutions for characteristic initial-boundary value problems. On each topic listed above, one will find new results as well as a description of the state of the art. Various methods related to nonlinear geometrical optics are a transversal theme of several articles. Pseu dodifferential techniques are used to tackle classical PDE problems like Cauchy uniqueness. We are pleased to thank the speakers for their contributions to the meeting: Serge Alinhac, Mike Beals, Alberto Bressan, Jean-Yves Chemin, Christophe Cheverry, Daniele Del Santo, Nils Dencker, Patrick Gerard, Lars Hormander, John Hunter, Richard Melrose, Guy Metivier, Yoshinori Morimoto, and Tatsuo Nishitani. The meeting was made possible in part by the financial support of a European commission pro gram, "Human capital and mobility CHRX-CT94-044."
[Infotext]((Kurztext))These are the proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Hyperbolic Problems, held in Zürich in February 1998. The speakers and contributors have been rigorously selected and present the state of the art in this field. The articles, both theoretical and numerical, encompass a wide range of applications, such as nonlinear waves in solids, various computational fluid dynamics from small-scale combustion to relativistic astrophysical problems, multiphase phenomena and geometrical optics. ((Volltext))These proceedings contain, in two volumes, approximately one hundred papers presented at the conference on hyperbolic problems, which has focused to a large extent on the laws of nonlinear hyperbolic conservation. Two-fifths of the papers are devoted to mathematical aspects such as global existence, uniqueness, asymptotic behavior such as large time stability, stability and instabilities of waves and structures, various limits of the solution, the Riemann problem and so on. Roughly the same number of articles are devoted to numerical analysis, for example stability and convergence of numerical schemes, as well as schemes with special desired properties such as shock capturing, interface fitting and high-order approximations to multidimensional systems. The results in these contributions, both theoretical and numerical, encompass a wide range of applications such as nonlinear waves in solids, various computational fluid dynamics from small-scale combustion to relativistic astrophysical problems, multiphase phenomena and geometrical optics.
Handbook of Differential Equations: Evolutionary Equations is the last text of a five-volume reference in mathematics and methodology. This volume follows the format set by the preceding volumes, presenting numerous contributions that reflect the nature of the area of evolutionary partial differential equations. The book is comprised of five chapters that feature the following: - A thorough discussion of the shallow-equations theory, which is used as a model for water waves in rivers, lakes and oceans. It covers the issues of modeling, analysis and applications - • Evaluation of the singular limits of reaction-diffusion systems, where the reaction is fast compared to the other processes; and applications that range from the theory of the evolution of certain biological processes to the phenomena of Turing and cross-diffusion instability - Detailed discussion of numerous problems arising from nonlinear optics, at the high-frequency and high-intensity regime • Geometric and diffractive optics, including wave interactions - Presentation of the issues of existence, blow-up and asymptotic stability of solutions, from the equations of solutions to the equations of linear and non-linear thermoelasticity - Answers to questions about unique space, such as continuation and backward uniqueness for linear second-order parabolic equations. Research mathematicians, mathematics lecturers and instructors, and academic students will find this book invaluable - Review of new results in the area - Continuation of previous volumes in the handbook series covering evolutionary PDEs - New content coverage of DE applications
We develop the theory of compactness of maps between toposes, together with associated notions of separatedness. This theory is built around two versions of "propriety" for topos maps, introduced here in a parallel fashion. The first, giving what we simply call "proper" maps, is a relatively weak condition due to Johnstone. The second kind of proper maps, here called "tidy", satisfy a stronger condition due to Tierney and Lindgren. Various forms of the Beck-Chevalley condition for (lax) fibered product squares of toposes play a central role in the development of the theory. Applications include a version of the Reeb stability theorem for toposes, a characterization of hyperconnected Hausdorff toposes as classifying toposes of compact groups, and of strongly Hausdorff coherent toposes as classifiying toposes of profinite groupoids. Our results also enable us to develop further particular aspects of the factorization theory of geometric morphisms studied by Johnstone. Our final application is a (so-called lax) descent theorem for tidy maps between toposes. This theorem implies the lax descent theorem for coherent toposes, conjectured by Makkai and proved earlier by Zawadowski.
This monograph presents a systematic study of Special Groups, a first-order universal-existential axiomatization of the theory of quadratic forms, which comprises the usual theory over fields of characteristic different from 2, and is dual to the theory of abstract order spaces. The heart of our theory begins in Chapter 4 with the result that Boolean algebras have a natural structure of reduced special group. More deeply, every such group is canonically and functorially embedded in a certain Boolean algebra, its Boolean hull. This hull contains a wealth of information about the structure of the given special group, and much of the later work consists in unveiling it. Thus, in Chapter 7 we introduce two series of invariants "living" in the Boolean hull, which characterize the isometry of forms in any reduced special group. While the multiplicative series--expressed in terms of meet and symmetric difference--constitutes a Boolean version of the Stiefel-Whitney invariants, the additive series--expressed in terms of meet and join--, which we call Horn-Tarski invariants, does not have a known analog in the field case; however, the latter have a considerably more regular behaviour. We give explicit formulas connecting both series, and compute explicitly the invariants for Pfister forms and their linear combinations. In Chapter 9 we combine Boolean-theoretic methods with techniques from Galois cohomology and a result of Voevodsky to obtain an affirmative solution to a long standing conjecture of Marshall concerning quadratic forms over formally real Pythagorean fields. Boolean methods are put to work in Chapter 10 to obtain information about categories of special groups, reduced or not. And again in Chapter 11 to initiate the model-theoretic study of the first-order theory of reduced special groups, where, amongst other things we determine its model-companion. The first-order approach is also present in the study of some outstanding classes of morphisms carried out in Chapter 5, e.g., the pure embeddings of special groups. Chapter 6 is devoted to the study of special groups of continuous functions.
Obtains an explicit formula for generalized Whittaker functions and multiplicity one theorem for all discrete series representations of $SU(2,2)$.
This book provides an overview of recent developments in web theory. Webs (i.e. families of foliations in general position) appear in many different fields of mathematics (differential geometry, algebraic geometry, differential equations, symplectic geometry, etc.) and physics (mechanics, geometrical optics, etc.). After giving a survey on webs in differential geometry and algebraic geometry, the book presents new results on partial differential equations, integrable systems, holomorphic dynamics and nonlinear optics obtained through web theory.
Let $N\in\mathbb{N}$, $N\geq2$, be given. Motivated by wavelet analysis, this title considers a class of normal representations of the $C DEGREES{\ast}$-algebra $\mathfrak{A}_{N}$ on two unitary generators $U$, $V$ subject to the relation $UVU DEGREES{-1}=V DEGREES{N}$. The representations are in one-to-one correspondence with solutions $h\in L DEGREES{1}\left(\mathbb{T}\right)$, $h\geq0$, to $R\left(h\right)=h$ where $R$ is a certain transfer operator (positivity-preserving) which was studied previously by D. Ruelle. The representations of $\mathfrak{A}_{N}$ may also be viewed as representations of a certain (discrete) $N$-adic $ax+b$ group which was considered recently