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When the Spanish colonized it in AD 1769, the California Coast was inhabited by speakers of no fewer than 16 distinct languages and an untold number of small, autonomous Native communities. These societies all survived by foraging, and ethnohistoric records show a wide range of adaptations emphasizing a host of different marine and terrestrial foods. Many groups exhibited signs of cultural complexity including sedentism, high population density, permanent social inequality, and sophisticated maritime technologies. The ethnographic era was preceded by an archaeological past that extends back to the terminal Pleistocene. Essays in this volume explore the last three and one half millennia of this long history, focusing on the archaeological signatures of emergent cultural complexity. Organized geographically, they provide an intricate mosaic of archaeological, historic, and ethnographic findings that illuminate cultural changes over time. To explain these Late Holocene cultural developments, the authors address issues ranging from culture history, paleoenvironments, settlement, subsistence, exchange, ritual, power, and division of labor, and employ both ecological and post-modern perspectives. Complex cultural expressions, most highly developed in the Santa Barbara Channel and the North Coast, are viewed alternatively as fairly recent and abrupt responses to environmental flux or the end-product of gradual progressions that began earlier in the Holocene.
This textbook presents a concise comparison of catalytic and biocatalytic systems outlining their catalytic properties and peculiarities. Moreover, it presents a brief introduction to the science of catalysis and attempts to unify different catalytic systems into a single, conceptually coherent structure. In fact, molecular dynamics and complexity may occur in both catalysts and biocatalysts, with many similarities in both their structural configuration and operational mechanisms. Moreover, the interactions between the different components of the catalytic system that are important in defining the overall activity, including the nature of active sites are discussed. Each chapter includes end of chapter questions supported by an online instructor solution manual. This textbook will be useful for undergraduate and graduate chemistry and biochemistry students.
This textbook presents a concise comparison of catalytic and biocatalytic systems outlining their catalytic properties and peculiarities. Moreover, it presents a brief introduction to the science of catalysis and attempts to unify different catalytic systems into a single, conceptually coherent structure. In fact, molecular dynamics and complexity may occur in both catalysts and biocatalysts, with many similarities in both their structural configuration and operational mechanisms. Moreover, the interactions between the different components of the catalytic system that are important in defining the overall activity, including the nature of active sites are discussed. Each chapter includes end of chapter questions supported by an online instructor solution manual. This textbook will be useful for undergraduate and graduate chemistry and biochemistry students.
This book is focused on mathematical modelling of chemical kinetics. The authors present the classification of basic models of chemical kinetics, thermokinetics and macrokinetics, as well as their application for the most important chemical transformations, such as combustion and catalysis. Readers will find a detailed description and analysis of different mathematical instruments which can be applied for simulation of reaction dynamics.
Fritjof Capra, bestselling author of The Tao of Physics and The Web of Life, here explores another frontier in the human significance of scientific ideas—applying complexity theory to large-scale social interaction. In the 1980s, complexity theory emerged as a powerful alternative to classic, linear thought. A forerunner of that revolution, Fritjof Capra now continues to expand the scope of that theory by establishing a framework in which we can understand and solve some of the most important issues of our time. Capra posits that in order to sustain life, the principles underlying our social institutions must be consistent with the broader organization of nature. Discussing pertinent contemporary issues ranging from the controversial practices of the World Trade Organization (WTO) to the Human Genome Project, he concludes with an authoritative, often provocative plan for designing ecologically sustainable communities and technologies as alternatives to the current economic globalization.
Complexity and Complex Chemo-Electric Systems presents an analysis and synthesis of chemo-electric systems, providing insights on transports in electrolytes, electrode reactions, electrocatalysis, electrochemical membranes, and various aspects of heterogeneous systems and electrochemical engineering. The book describes the properties of complexity and complex chemo-electric systems as the consequence of formulations, definitions, tools, solutions and results that are often consistent with the best performance of the system. The book handles cybernetics, systems theory and advanced contemporary techniques such as optimal control, neural networks and stochastic optimizations (adaptive random search, genetic algorithms, and simulated annealing). A brief part of the book is devoted to issues such as various definitions of complexity, hierarchical structures, self-organization examples, special references, and historical issues. This resource complements Sieniutycz’ recently published book, Complexity and Complex Thermodynamic Systems, with its inclusion of complex chemo-electric systems in which complexities, emergent properties and self-organization play essential roles. Covers the theory and applications of complex chemo-electric systems through modeling, analysis, synthesis and optimization Provides a clear presentation of the applications of transport theory to electrolyte solutions, heterogeneous electrochemical systems, membranes, electro-kinetic phenomena and interface processes Includes numerous explanatory graphs and drawings that illustrate the properties and complexities in complex chemo-electric systems Written by an experienced expert in the field of advanced methods in thermodynamics and related aspects of macroscopic physics
This book is based on a graduate course and suitable as a primer for any newcomer to the field, this book is a detailed introduction to the experimental and computational methods that are used to study how solid surfaces act as catalysts. Features include: First comprehensive description of modern theory of heterogeneous catalysis Basis for understanding and designing experiments in the field Allows reader to understand catalyst design principles Introduction to important elements of energy transformation technology Test driven at Stanford University over several semesters
This second, extended and updated edition presents the current state of kinetics of chemical reactions, combining basic knowledge with results recently obtained at the frontier of science. Special attention is paid to the problem of the chemical reaction complexity with theoretical and methodological concepts illustrated throughout by numerous examples taken from heterogeneous catalysis combustion and enzyme processes. Of great interest to graduate students in both chemistry and chemical engineering.
The concepts of evolution and complexity theory have become part of the intellectual ether permeating the life sciences, the social and behavioral sciences, and, more recently, management science and economics. In this book, John E. Mayfield elegantly synthesizes core concepts from multiple disciplines to offer a new approach to understanding how evolution works and how complex organisms, structures, organizations, and social orders can and do arise based on information theory and computational science. Intended for the intellectually adventuresome, this book challenges and rewards readers with a nuanced understanding of evolution and complexity that offers consistent, durable, and coherent explanations for major aspects of our life experiences. Numerous examples throughout the book illustrate evolution and complexity formation in action and highlight the core function of computation lying at the work's heart.