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This book provides the necessary understanding of the physical principles to produce clear and diagnostically secure Doppler ultrasound scans.
This book provides the necessary understanding of the physical principles to produce clear and diagnostically secure Doppler ultrasound scans.
Vortex Formation in the Cardiovascular System will recapitulate the current knowledge about the vortex formation in the cardiovascular system, from mechanics to cardiology. This can facilitate the interaction between basic scientists and clinicians on the topic of the circulatory system. The book begins with a synopsis of the fundamentals aspects of fluid mechanics to give the reader the essential background to address the proceeding chapters. Then the fundamental elements of vortex dynamics will be discussed, explaining the conditions for their formation and the rules governing their dynamics. The main equations are accompanied by mathematical models. Cardiovascular vortex formation is first analyzed in physiological, healthy conditions in the heart chambers and in the large arterial vessels. The analysis is initially presented with an intuitive appeal grounded on the physical phenomena and a focus on its clinical significance.In the proceeding chapters, the knowledge gained from either clinical or basic science literature will be discussed. The corresponding mathematical elements will finally be presented to ensure the adequate diligence. The proceeding chapters ensue to the analysis of pathological conditions, when the reader may have developed the ability to recognize normal from abnormal vortex formation phenomenon. Pathological vortex formation represents vortices that develop at sites where normally laminar flow should exist, e.g. stenosis and aneurisms. This analysis naturally leads to the interaction of vortices due to the surgical procedures with respect to prediction of changes in vortex formation. The existing techniques, from medical imaging to numerical simulations, to explore vortex flows in the cardiovascular systems will also be described. The presentations are accompanied by the mathematical definitions can that be understandable for reader without the advanced mathematical background, while an interested reader with more advanced knowledge in mathematics can be referred to references for further quantitative analyses. The book pursues the objective to transfer the fundamental vortex formation phenomena with application to the cardiovascular system to the reader. This book will be a valuable support for physicians in the evaluation of vortex influence on diagnosis and therapeutic choices. At the same time, the book will provide the rigorous information for research scientists, either from medicine and mechanics, working on the cardiovascular circulation incurring with the physics of vortex dynamics.
Written by recognized authorities on thoracic imaging, this volume is the first to examine all modalities—both noninvasive and invasive—for visualizing the airways. Emphasis is placed on correlating CT images with bronchoscopy, to aid in interpreting CT findings and in performing interventional bronchoscopic procedures. After a review of airway imaging techniques and anatomy, the book presents correlating CT and bronchoscopic images for a wide range of pathologic entities. Detailed chapters examine the trachea and central bronchi, the diagnosis of bronchiectasis, and the use of CT in diagnosing small airway disease. A chapter on functional imaging of the airways is also included.
This text/DVD package is ideally suited for training courses for cardiologists and radiologists seeking certification to perform and interpret cardiovascular MRI (CMR) examinations. The authors present 37 lectures that systematically explain all key aspects of CMR. Coverage begins with an overview of principles, equipment, and imaging methods and proceeds to imaging protocols and clinical applications. An Advanced Training section includes details of imaging techniques, vascular imaging techniques, specialized cardiac imaging, and artifacts. The text and the PowerPoint lectures on the DVD complement each other in a unique way. The book mirrors the content of the lectures and provides full explanations of concepts that are well illustrated in the slides. DVD for Windows (PC only; Mac is available upon request).
Through three editions, this comprehensive reference on hemodynamic monitoring for critical care nurses, whether novice or expert, has been respected for being practical and clinically reliable. The text concentrates on the educational needs of the clinician for optimal care of the patient
This book, part of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine textbook series, teaches readers how to use hemodynamic monitoring, an essential skill for today’s intensivists. It offers a valuable guide for beginners, as well as for experienced intensivists who want to hone their skills, helping both groups detect an inadequacy of perfusion and make the right choices to achieve the main goal of hemodynamic monitoring in the critically ill, i.e., to correctly assess the cardiovascular system and its response to tissue oxygen demands. The book is divided into distinguished sections: from physiology to pathophysiology; clinical assessment and measurements; and clinical practice achievements including techniques, the basic goals in clinical practice as well as the more appropriate hemodynamic therapy to be applied in different conditions. All chapters use a learning-oriented style, with practical examples, key points and take home messages, helping readers quickly absorb the content and, at the same time, apply what they have learned in the clinical setting. The European Society of Intensive Care Medicine has developed the Lessons from the ICU series with the vision of providing focused and state-of-the-art overviews of central topics in Intensive Care and optimal resources for clinicians working in Intensive Care.
Cardiac SPECT Imaging, Second Edition offers the best of all possible worlds--a critical topic, internationally recognized authors and cutting-edge coverage. It guides you through all aspects of the modality--from basic principles (acquiring and processing images, quality control)...and clinical applications (evaluating myocardial infarction and coronary artery disease)...to the very latest equipment. It even compares SPECT with other modalities (PET, CT, MRI, and echocardiography) to ensure smart, cost-effective decisions by both the cardiologist and nuclear medicine physician.Look for new chapters on attenuation correction, gated perfusion SPECT, radiopharmaceuticals, and myocardial perfusion SPECT, as well as the very latest on myocardial perfusion SPECT in conjunction with exercise and pharmacologic stress, assessment of perfusion/viability with Tc-99m agents, how SPECT compares with other advanced cardiac imaging modalities, and more!
Every few years a dissertation comes to the area of clinical application of medical technology which carries us forward as on a magic carpet into new regions of understanding and patient care. This book is such a magic carpet. It brings together, in a clear and incisive fashion, important hemodynamic principles with a simple noninvasive method of application to a part of the cerebral vasculature which has been relatively inaccessible. To the lucky and perceptive person who reads this book, a feeling of excitement and hope for progress is engendered. The diligent application of the potentials of transcranial Doppler ultrasound brings new power to our efforts in understanding the cerebral circulation and the causes, treatment and prevention of cerebrovascular disorders. Merrill P. Spencer, M. D. Director Institute of Applied Physiology and Medicine Seattle, Wash. , July 1986 Acknowledgements I am greatly indebted to Prof. He1ge Nornes, Oslo, who introduced me to the fascinating study of cerebral hemodynamics in the early 1970's and since then continually encouraged my interest in this field. It was through his pioneering work on the cerebral circulation-using peroperative electromagnetic flowmetry and Doppler techniques-that the basis was laid for the noninvasive trans cranial approach to the circle of Willis described in this book. I also gratefully acknowledge the stimulating case discussions with Prof. Peter Huber, Berne, at the very early introduction of trans cranial Doppler, the inspiring exchange of ideas with Dr. Merrill P.