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This report provides an understanding of the dynamics and phsyical processes as they vary on the different coasts of Canada (including the Great Lakes), and a discussion of the likely fate and persistence of oil reaching the shoreline.
A review of the shoreline and process characteristics of Canada's coasts and the expected impact and persistence of a major oil spill, which is a function of the type of oil, weathering processes and littoral zone energy levels.
The Bay of Fundy has a coastline of approximately 1400 km. Within this region, there is a great variety of coastal features; six major coastal environments and twelve major shoreline types have been identified following a reconnaissance survey. The coasts of the Bay of Fundy are characterized by high tidal ranges and by the predominantly rocky nature of the shore zone. Tidal range exceeds 10 m in the Minas Basin and Chignecto Bay, where wide intertidal mudflats or sand flats and marshes are characteristic of the shore zone. This information on coastal features and shoreline processes is applied to an assessment of the expected impact and persistence of oil on the shore for each of the shoreline types. Guidelines and recommendations for protection and clean-up of the shores of the Bay of Fundy are presented and are related to the nature of the shoreline, the sediments, the shoreline processes, and the effectiveness of available techniques.

Prince Edward Island

Canada. Dept. of the Environment. Environmental Protection Service. Environmental Impact Control Directorate

Published: 1979

Total Pages: 167


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"This report reviews relevant information on the nature and degradation of oil and on the shoreline processes and shoreline types. The expected impact and persistence of spilled oil is related to the major shoreline types that occur on the island, and recommended protection and cleanup procedures are presented."--Abstract, page i
The structure of Canadian shorelines is described in terms of 10 basic types: rock surfaces, cliffs, coarse sediment beaches, sand beaches, intertidal coarse sediments, intertidal sand, intertidal mud, marshes, backshore areas and man-made structures. The expected impact of oil and cleanup strategies for each type of shoreline are presented--Abstract.
Planning for a cleanup operation of the shore zone requires consideration of the physical nature of the coast (including the sediment types), wave energy levels, and tidal range. Beaches exist in a dynamic state and are continuously changing in response to littoral processes. In addition to these temporal variations, there is frequently considerable variability of shoreline types and process characteristics within a small region. In eastern Canada, contingency planning must cover rocky shorelines, sand beaches, and muddy coasts. There also is a wide range of littoral process environments, from the exposed Atlantic coast to the sheltered Bay of Fundy, which has tidal ranges on the order of 10 to 15 meters. Three examples from eastern Canada illustrate the variability of shorelines and processes in the context of cleanup planning. (Author).
This document describes a project carried out on northern Baffin Island near Pond Inlet at Eclipse Sound and Ragged Channel, to test various methods of cleaning and dispersing oil spills in tidal water and on shorelines.