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"Invasive nonnative plants threaten native species with habitat loss, displacement, and severe population declines, thus seriously reducing biodiversity. Invasive Plants of California's Wildlands is a tremendous source for land managers and others who are interested in protecting the rich natural heritage of California and surrounding states."--John C. Sawhill, President and CEO, The Nature Conservancy
This encyclopedic yet easy-to-use 2-volume set covers 262 individual entries, including a full description of 451 species and another 361 plants compared as similar species, representing 63 plant families. 13 shortcut identification tables for groups that share similar, unusual, or relatively uncommon characteristics. 2 grass identification keys - a key to all characteristics including inflorescences and reproductive parts and a key to vegetative characteristics only. 67 tables comparing important characteristics of difficult-to-distinguish weedy species. Color photos of over 700 weeds including seeds, seedlings, flowers, and mature plants. Appendix of non-native plants rarely or occasionally naturalized in California. Glossary of botanical terms. Bibliography of some of the most pertinent publications. Index to common names, scientific names, and synonyms. Each entry describes the plant category, family name, common name, and synonyms along with a summary of the important aspects of the plant’s life cycle, size, growth form, impact, method of introduction, and toxicity. You'll also find a description of the seedling, mature plant, roots and underground structures, flowers, fruits and seeds, spikelets and florets, spore-bearing structures, and post senescence characteristics for each entry. Also includes a description of the habitat where each is typically found and distribution in California, other states, and worldwide, along with maximum elevation at which the species is found. Rounding out each entry is a description of the methods of reproduction, seed dispersal, germination requirements and conditions, seed survival and longevity, early establishment characteristics and requirements, cultural practices and management options that have proven effective or ineffective in controlling infestations, and a notation of the species' inclusion on federal or state noxious weed lists.
Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop.) is an aggressive, introduced creeping perennial weed that flourishes in a wide variety of environments. Its deep, creeping root system and colony forming tendencies make it one of the most difficult weeds to control. A strategy that incorporates a better understanding of the biology of Canada thistle into the development of an integrated management plan that includes herbicides and biological control could help reduce the dispersal and impact of this species. The objectives of this work were to: 1) determine how Canada thistle emergence and growth are affected by changes in root size, biomass, burial depth, and soil moisture and 2) compare single and joint impacts of herbicides and biological control agents on Canada thistle growth. Objective 1 was carried out in a greenhouse and in field conditions. To monitor Canada thistle emergence and growth responses, a completely randomized factorial design was used in the greenhouse, and a randomized complete block design was used in the field. Models were developed to predict emergence and growth patterns based on available water, burial depth, and various root metrics. For the exception of available water, the same predictors were used in field conditions to predict Canada thistle emergence and growth. The variables that were manipulated were able to significantly predict the responses measured, and we concluded that available water, root burial depth, and root weight, length, diameter, and volume are indicators of emergence likelihood, emergence time, shoot and root growth, and shoot number. Objective 2 was carried out in greenhouses and field settings. Three herbicides were evaluated with and without insects to determine reduction in Canada thistle root and shoot biomass in the greenhouse. One herbicide was also used at a low rate and evaluated singly and in combination with a stem-boring weevil (Hadroplontus litura (F.)) and a pathogen (Pseudomonas syringae pv. tagetis) to determine effect on Canada thistle response in the greenhouse and field. We failed to reject our null hypothesis of additivity between control agents, and concluded that integrating individual control methods yields greater Canada thistle control than any singular method.
This identification guide provides technical descriptions and photos for Ohio’s 21 invasive and noxious weed species. These descriptions include information on habitat, life cycle, key plant characteristics, and a summary of problematic features. Photos included in this guide present the weed species at different stages of maturity for optimal identification aid. This book also provides information on Ohio’s noxious seed law, extension guides to weed control, and a quick guide to weed regulations in Ohio law.
Learning to identify unwanted plants around the home, farm, or ranch will be much easier with this comprehensive publication. It will help you identify plants that compete with native plants, horticultural, & agricultural crops as well as those that can poison livestock & people. This easy-to-use guide contains more than 900 full-color photos showing the early growth stages, mature plants, & features for positive identification of each weed discussed. Descriptions, habitats, & characteristics of each plant are also included. Glossary. Key to plant families. References. Index.