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"TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 796: Development and Calibration of AASHTO LRFD Specifications for Structural Supports for Highway Signs, Luminaires, and Traffic Signals provides specifications for structural supports of highway signs, luminaires, and traffic signals for consideration and inclusion in the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) load and resistance factor design (LRFD) methodology. The report includes the Research Report, which documents the entire research effort, and the Appendix A: Calibration Report. Appendix B: AASHTO LRFD Specifications will be published by AASHTO. Other appendices are available on the TRB website, including: Appendix C: Design Examples, Appendix D: Survey Results, Appendix E: Fatigue Resistance Comparisons."--Publisher's description.
It is important to develop and incorporate the knowledge needed to design, construct, and maintain bridges to have the longest service life as possible. Consequently, the fatigue effects on bridges need to be considered and more accurately reflected within the proper bridge design specifications. This thesis describes the calibration process used to select the load and resistance factors for the fatigue limit states of steel bridge members within the AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications. The process presented within this thesis builds upon work completed as part of the Strategic Highway Research Program No. 2 including the determination of the fatigue load model. The resistance model was developed using available fatigue test data and statistically analyzed using specially developed techniques. Load and resistance factors were finally chosen for both Fatigue I and Fatigue II service limit states. We expect the new load and resistance factors for the fatigue service limit states to more accurately capture the fatigue effects of steel bridges and thus increase their service life.
Glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) materials have emerged as an alternative material for producing reinforcing bars for concrete structures. GFRP reinforcing bars offer advantages over steel reinforcement due to their noncorrosive nature and nonconductive behavior. Due to other differences in the physical and mechanical behavior of GFRP materials as opposed to steel, unique guidance on the engineering and construction of concrete bridge decks reinforced with GFRP bars is needed. These guide specifications offer a description of the unique material properties of GFRP composite materials as well as provisions for the design and construction of concrete bridge decks and railings reinforced with GFRP reinforcing bars.
TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 683: Protocols for Collecting and Using Traffic Data in Bridge Design explores a set of protocols and methodologies for using available recent truck traffic data to develop and calibrate vehicular loads for superstructure design, fatigue design, deck design, and design for overload permits. The protocols are geared to address the collection, processing, and use of national weigh-in-motion (WIM) data. The report also gives practical examples of implementing these protocols with recent national WIM data drawn from states/sites around the country with different traffic exposures, load spectra, and truck configurations. The material in this report will be of immediate interest to bridge engineers. This report replaces NCHRP Web-Only Document 135: Protocols for Collecting and Using Traffic Data in Bridge Design. Appendices A through F for NCHRP Report 683 are available only online.
In this fully up-to-date volume, important new developments and applications of discrete element modelling are highlighted and brought together for presentation at the First International UDEC/3DEC Symposium. Papers covered the following key areas: * behaviour of masonry structures (walls, bridges, towers, columns) * stability and deformation of tunnels and caverns in fractured rock masses * geomechanical modelling for mining and waste repositories * rock reinforcement design (anchors, shotcrete, bolts) * mechanical and hydro-mechanical behaviour of dams and foundations * rock slope stability, deformation and failure mechanisms * modelling of fundamental rock mechanical problems * modelling of geological processes * constitutive laws for fractured rock masses and masonry structures * dynamic behaviour of discrete structures. Numerical Modelling of Discrete Materials in Geotechnical Engineering, Civil Engineering, and Earth Sciences provides an ultra-modern, in-depth analysis of discrete element modelling in a range of different fields, thus proving valuable reading for civil, mining, and geotechnical engineers, as well as other interested professionals.
Bridge Maintenance, Safety, Management and Life-Cycle Optimization contains the lectures and papers presented at IABMAS 2010, the Fifth International Conference of the International Association for Bridge Maintenance and Safety (IABMAS), held in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA from July 11 through 15, 2010.All major aspects of bridge maintenance, s
"The provisions of these Specifications are intended for the design, evaluation and rehabilitation of both fixed and movable highway bridges. Mechanical, electrical, and special vehicular and pedestrian safety aspects of movable bridges, however, are not covered. Provisions are not included for bridges used solely for railway, rail transit or public utilities. For bridges not fully covered herein, the provisions of these Specifications mat be applied, as augmented with additional design criteria where required. These specifications are not intended to supplant proper training or the exercise of judgment by the Designer, and state only the minimum requirements necessary to provide for public safety. The Owner or the Designer may require the sophistication of design or the quality of materials and construction to be higher than the minimum requirements. The concept of safety through redundancy and ductility, and protection against scour and collision are emphasized. The design provisions of these Specifications employ the Load and Resistance Factor Design, LRFD, methodology. The factors have been developed from the theory of reliability based upon current statistical knowledge of loads and structural performance. Methods of analysis, other than those included in previous Specifications, and the modelling techniques inherent in them are included, and their use is encouraged. The commentary is not intended to provide a complete historical background concerning the development of these, or previous Specifications, nor is it intended to provide a detailed summary of the studies and research data reviewed in formulating the provisions of the Specification. However, references to some of the research data are provided for those who wish to study the background material in depth. The commentary directs attention to other documents that provide suggestions for carrying out the requirements and intent of these Specifications. However, those documents and this commentary are not intended to be a part of these Specifications."--Page1-1.