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This paper reports the results of a research effort initiated in the early 1990s to develop a C-? (cohesion-angle of friction) characterization model for the design of asphalt mixtures and asphalt pavements. It is demonstrated that, since the model is based on the fundamental material properties represented by C and ?, it can derive analytically other asphalt mix design parameters such as Marshall stability and flow, and indirect tensile strength. The C-? characterization model therefore offers a useful basis for the development of a comprehensive design framework that integrates asphalt mix design with asphalt pavement structural design. To demonstrate this capability, the research developed an empirical-mechanistic rutting prediction model of asphalt pavement layer using the C-? characterization model. In addition, the model allows stresses and strains under design loading to be computed, which can be applied as input to structural analysis for asphalt material selection and pavement thickness design.
Existing asphalt mixture design approaches are mainly empirical based "trial-and-error" methods. Based purely on volumetrics, such design methods have little consideration of the mechanical performance of the mixtures. With the trend of moving the pavement research into more mechanistic based methods and targeting the ultimate goal to good field performance, it is necessary to develop a sophisticated mix design and characterization methodology which can help the designer understand the expected engineering performance of the mix at the early stages, at the same time, to have a more efficient tool to evaluate the quality of the mixtures. This research develops a comprehensive aggregate gradation and asphalt mixture design method that estimates the mechanical properties of the mix at early stage. In this method, strong correlations between aggregate properties, volumetrics, and mechanical properties are identified, making the VMA (Voids in Mineral Aggregate) an excellent media to link the properties of aggregates and asphalt binder to their engineering performance. The concept of the design procedure, especially the aggregate gradation design procedure, is largely based on an analysis of aggregate packing and interlocking. As a fast and convenient design method that emphasizes more on the mechanical performance of the mix, the new design method can be used to evaluate the quality of an existing gradation and mix design, and adjust the gradation of a new mix to satisfy both volumetrics and mechanical properties. In addition, the characteristics of asphalt mixture are studied using micromechanical based discrete element method (DEM) and macromechanical modeling. In DEM simulation, an image based ball clumping technique is used for simulating the angularity properties of aggregate particles. The DEM model is established and calibrated to describe the viscoelastic (dynamic modulus and phase angle) and viscoelastic plastic (strength) properties of asphalt mixtures with or without damage involved. As for macromechanical modeling, a constitutive model for characterizing the permanent deformation of asphalt mixture is explored by taking consideration of the directional distribution of aggregates (anisotropy), and the damage induced by plasticity.
Pavement Design And Paving Material Selection are important for efficient, cost effective, durable, and safe transportation infrastructure Paving Materials and Pavement Analysis contains 73 papers examining bound and unbound material characterization, modeling, and performance of highway and airfield pavements. The papers in this publication were presented during the GeoShanghal 2010 International Conference held in Shanghai, China, June 3-5, 2010.
Analysis of Pavement Structures brings together current research and existing knowledge on the analysis and design of pavements and introduces load and thermal stress analyses of asphalt and concrete pavement structures in a simple and step-by-step manner. For the second edition of this book, a new chapter on numerical implementation (using FEM) of pavement analysis is added along with topics such as mechanical modeling of granular materials, applications of convolution theorems in visco-elasticity, visco-elastic Poisson’s ratio, concepts of fracture mechanics in relation to fatigue of asphalt mix, solution of semi-infinite and so forth. New solved examples and schematic diagrams are also added. Features: Presents a simple, step-by-step approach for pavement analysis including systematic compilation of research work in the area Discusses further elaborations in terms of extended analytical formulations on some selected topics Includes new chapter on finite element analysis for pavement structures Contains more solved examples to understand the concepts better Explores primary application of pavement analysis in pavement thickness design This book is aimed at graduate students, structural mechanics researchers, and senior undergraduate students in civil/pavement/highway/transport engineering.
This work presents the results of RILEM TC 237-SIB (Testing and characterization of sustainable innovative bituminous materials and systems). The papers have been selected for publication after a rigorous peer review process and will be an invaluable source to outline and clarify the main directions of present and future research and standardization for bituminous materials and pavements. The following topics are covered: - Characterization of binder-aggregate interaction - Innovative testing of bituminous binders, additives and modifiers - Durability and aging of asphalt pavements - Mixture design and compaction analysis - Environmentally sustainable materials and technologies - Advances in laboratory characterization of bituminous materials - Modeling of road materials and pavement performance prediction - Field measurement and in-situ characterization - Innovative materials for reinforcement and interlayer systems - Cracking and damage characterization of asphalt pavements - Recycling and re-use in road pavements This is the proceedings of the RILEM SIB2015 Symposium (Ancona, Italy, October 7-9, 2015).