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The book treats the C -hydrocarbons and their secondary products as a contribution 4 to chemical engineering economics, applying this field of teaching and research to the technical processes for making and processing this group of products, so important to the chemical industry. As early as tpe 1950s the then director of the Institute for Technical Chemistry of the Berlin Technical University, Professor Herbert Kolbel, took the' initiative in the domain of Chemical Engineering Economics and began systematic studies of Project Engineering and Cost Estimation in connection with chemical plants. He also started a course on technical chemical processes in 1966. Properties, production procedures, plant equipment, and also the uses of technically interesting products are the central features of Chemical Technology. The information is to be found in the large encyclopedias of Technical Chemistry. On the other hand, Chemical Engineering Economics deals with all the economic conditions of usage of the raw materials, possibilities of utilizing co-products, and the integration of these products into definite production programmes, from the stand point of the chemical and technical fundamentals of the processes. Further important viewpoints are the costs of the products, taking into consideration important and variable influences on these costs, the situation and development of the market for the products and, of increasing significance, also the ecological global conditions for procuring raw materials and the production and marketing of the particular products.
Written by an author with over 38 years of experience in the chemical and petrochemical process industry, this handbook will present an analysis of the process steps used to produce industrial hydrocarbons from various raw materials. It is the first book to offer a thorough analysis of external factors effecting production such as: cost, availability and environmental legislation. An A-Z list of raw materials and their properties are presented along with a commentary regarding their cost and availability. Specific processing operations described in the book include: distillation, thermal cracking and coking, catalytic methods, hydroprocesses, thermal and catalytic reforming, isomerization, alkylation processes, polymerization processes, solvent processes, water removal, fractionation and acid gas removal. Flow diagrams and descriptions of more than 250 leading-edge process technologies An analysis of chemical reactions and process steps that are required to produce chemicals from various raw materials Properties, availability and environmental impact of various raw materials used in hydrocarbon processing
This widely respected and frequently consulted reference work provides a wealth of information and guidance on industrial chemistry and biotechnology. Industries covered span the spectrum from salt and soda ash to advanced dyes chemistry, the nuclear industry, the rapidly evolving biotechnology industry, and, most recently, electrochemical energy storage devices and fuel cell science and technology. Other topics of surpassing interest to the world at large are covered in chapters on fertilizers and food production, pesticide manufacture and use, and the principles of sustainable chemical practice, referred to as green chemistry. Finally, considerable space and attention in the Handbook are devoted to the subjects of safety and emergency preparedness. It is worth noting that virtually all of the chapters are written by individuals who are embedded in the industries whereof they write so knowledgeably.
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This handbook provides a comprehensive overview of microbial interactions with the major forms of hydrocarbons, oils, and lipids in or entering the biosphere. It is the definitive resource on the physiological mechanisms and adaptive strategies characteristic of the microbial lifestyle that plays out at hydrophobic material: aqueous liquid interfaces.