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A detailed survey of the Anglican mission to the coalfields in an era where rapid industrialisation crucially affected the old ecclesiastical structures. In 1860 the Diocese of Durham launched a new mission to bring Christianity - and specifically Anglicanism - to the teeming population of the Durham coalfield. Over the preceding fifty years the Church of England had become increasingly marginalised as the coalfield population soared. Parish churches that had been built to serve a scattered, rural medieval population were no longer sufficiently close - or relevant - to the new industrial townships that werebeing constructed around the coalmines. The post-1860 mission was a belated attempt to reach out to the new coalfield population, and to rescue them from the forces of Methodism, labour militancy and irreligion. It was posited onthe need to build new churches, to delineate new parishes and to recruit a new type of clergyman: working-class and down-to-earth in origin and outlook, and somebody who could make an empathetic connection with his new parishioners. This book is a detailed exploration of the way in which the Church of England in Durham handled its mission. It follows the Church's relationship with the coalfield, which ranged from an early-nineteenth-century aloofness to an early-twentieth-century identification which many church leaders considered had gone too far, and in so doing reveals how the Durham experience relates to national attempts to maintain Anglicanism's relevance and presence in an increasingly secular and sceptical society. Dr ROBERT LEE lectures in History at the University of Teesside, Middlesbrough.
Paul Jennings traces the history of the British pub, and looks at how it evolved from the eighteenth century's coaching inns and humble alehouses, back-street beer houses and 'fine, flaring' gin palaces to the drinking establishments of the twenty-first century. Covering all aspects of pub life, this fascinating history looks at pubs in cities and rural areas, seaports and industrial towns. It identifies trends and discusses architectural and internal design, the brewing and distilling industries and the cultural significance of drink in society. Looking at everything from music and games to opening times and how they have affected anti-social behaviour, The Local is a must-read for every self-respecting pub-goer, from landlady to lager-lout.
The Story of Durham traces the evolution of a city that medieval writers likened to Jerusalem, which Ruskin termed one of the wonders of the world, and which Pevsner, more modestly, called one of the architectural experiences of Europe. To Bill Bryson, meanwhile, Durham appeared ‘a perfect little city’ with ‘the best cathedral on planet Earth’. The city is a physical manifestation of a significant event in our history: the Romanesque cathedral and castle together constitute this country’s monument to the Norman invasion, the last of our country. Beautifully illustrated, this popular history by a leading academic will delight residents and visitors alike.
In this companion volume to Useful Toil, John Burnett has drawn extensively on over eight hundred previously unpublished manuscripts. The result is a unique record of childhood that reveals in intimate detail the trials and hard-won triumphs of nineteenth-century working-class life. Besides affording rare insights into the developing child's world of dreams, hopes and fears, they reflect a crucial period in the evolution of a family tradition; a time when, to counteract the brutalizing pressures of urbanization and industrialization, ordinary people turned to each other for support. Children have seldom had a voice in history: these writers and their experiences take their place as part of the essential fabric of our past.
Issues for autumn 1961- include the Standing Conference for Local History Bulletin.
The English Civil War" was a series of armed conflicts and political upheavals which spanned the entirety of the British Isles in the mid-seventeenth century. It was fought on a wide range of religious, political and racial issues, and succeeded in dividing the traditional loyalties of class, friendship and family ties within all four kingdoms. This unprecedented period of disruption resulted in far-reaching political revolution, the re-evaluation of political representation and social structure, and ultimately laid the foundations of the British constitution we know today. Martyn Bennett introduces the reader to the main debates surrounding the Civil War, from the St Giles riots in Edinburgh in 1637 to the restoration of Charles II on 8 May 1660, and includes biographies of the key personalities, key events, battles, military institutions of the conflict, and covers the run-up to the conflict, the wars themselves and its aftermath. This comprehensive A-Z companion to the history of the civil wars provides all the facts and figures that an armchair general would ever need.
Despite the considerable volume of research into various aspects of the social and economic, cultural and political history of eighteenth-century British towns, remarkably little has focused upon, or even reflected upon the distinctive experience of women in the urban context. Much of what research there is has explored the experience of laboring or impoverished women, or women of the social elite; by contrast, the essays in this collection take up the study of the participation of middling women in urban life. This volume brings into sharper focus the relationship between changes consequent upon urban development and shifts in the pattern of gender relations in the 18th century. The contributors address such themes as the extent to which to what extent urban change accelerated a redefinition of gender relations; the connections between urban growth, changing definitions of citizenship, and the emergence of the male gendered political subject; the role of women in a literate, consumer and industrializing society; the place of women's networks in the economic, political and social life of the town and the distinctive role played by women in areas such as philanthropy and business; and how the development of urban society in turn inflected contemporary conceputalizations of gender.
Rogues, Thieves and the Rule of Law" is a large-scale study of crime, disorder and law enforcement in northern England in the early modern period. London was not the only city where female criminals were common and gangs were feared, nor was it the sole centre of industrial and political agitation. The north was an area of national significance which supplied the capital with its fuel and whose tendency to industrial insurgence commanded the attention of every 18th-century administration.; Arguing that much of the recent work on early modern crime has focused on London and its surrounding counties, which have wrongly been interpreted as typical of the whole country, this study, in contrast, seeks to place the metropolitan image within the wider context of regional realities. As such, it offers a significant antidote to the picture of excessive brutality associated with London and Tyburn, breaking new ground by encompassing crime in an entire region and at all levels of the judicial system. It uniquely reflects upon gender and crime, the development of transportation, the rise of imprisonment and the convergence of military and civil power, in an attempt to contain an assertive and riotous population in a region remote from central authority.; The north-east had a distinctively violent history before 1700 and retained some of its traditionally wild character in the 18th century. The growing contrasts between urban and rural districts provide a revealing backdrop to the different patterns of crime and official responses. In terms of punishments, the region swiftly followed national trends in transportation, but was pioneering in its early use of imprisonment. This study seeks to change the way we think about crime in early modern England.