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Research conducted since the publication of the second edition of the Ontario Highway Bridge Design Code (OHBDC) in 1983 has paved the way for further simplification of the simplified methods of bridge analysis specified by the code. The third edition of the OHBDC (1991) incorporates simplified methods, most of which have been made even more user friendly in the light of this research. This paper gives the details of these new methods of analysis along with their developmental background. It is shown that the low volume of traffic on bridges on lightly travelled roads can be accounted for conveniently through the simplified methods of analysis by incorporating in them the lower values of the modification factors for multipresence of vehicles specified in the OHBDC (1991). The paper also discusses those major pieces of contemporary research work in load distribution analysis, the end product of which was considered but could not be utilized in the OHBDC.
Developed to comply with the fifth edition of the AASHTO LFRD Bridge Design Specifications [2010]––Simplified LRFD Bridge Design is "How To" use the Specifications book. Most engineering books utilize traditional deductive practices, beginning with in-depth theories and progressing to the application of theories. The inductive method in the book uses alternative approaches, literally teaching backwards. The book introduces topics by presenting specific design examples. Theories can be understood by students because they appear in the text only after specific design examples are presented, establishing the need to know theories. The emphasis of the book is on step-by-step design procedures of highway bridges by the LRFD method, and "How to Use" the AASHTO Specifications to solve design problems. Some of the design examples and practice problems covered include: Load combinations and load factors Strength limit states for superstructure design Design Live Load HL- 93 Un-factored and Factored Design Loads Fatigue Limit State and fatigue life; Service Limit State Number of design lanes Multiple presence factor of live load Dynamic load allowance Distribution of Live Loads per Lane Wind Loads, Earthquake Loads Plastic moment capacity of composite steel-concrete beam LRFR Load Rating Simplified LRFD Bridge Design is a study guide for engineers preparing for the PE examination as well as a classroom text for civil engineering students and a reference for practicing engineers. Eight design examples and three practice problems describe and introduce the use of articles, tables, and figures from the AASHTO LFRD Bridge Design Specifications. Whenever articles, tables, and figures in examples appear throughout the text, AASHTO LRFD specification numbers are also cited, so that users can cross-reference the material.
Helping readers prepare for the civil and structural PE exam, this book presents numerous design examples that serve as a comprehensive, step-by-step guide to basic bridge design using the AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications, Fifth Edition. It offers a simplified explanation of load resistance factor design (LRFD) method-based bridge design principles and lists the AASHTO reference section numbers alongside formulas and where topics are introduced, to refer the reader to the primary source material. This is a valuable reference for civil engineering students as well as for practicing engineers.
The design of timber bridges in Canada is carried out in conjunction with the Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code. A key feature of this code is the ability to employ a Simplified Method of Analysis (SMA) to determine the forces acting on a bridge and its various members. Since its introduction in the early 1980's, the SMA's development had been largely governed by steel/concrete bridges, rather than timber. As a result, for short-span timber bridges, the SMA is markedly over-conservative. Due to the SMA's over-conservatism when applied to such bridges, it identifies (often incorrectly) that many timber bridges do not satisfy code requirements. This thesis presents a research study to (a) evaluate key parameters on the overall bridge and bridge member force distribution, and (b) develop a new method for accurate (yet, still safe) evaluation of short-span timber bridges that can consider these factors.
This book offers a valuable guide for practicing bridge engineers and graduate students in structural engineering; its main purpose is to present the latest concepts in bridge engineering in fairly easy-to-follow terms. The book provides details of easy-to-use computer programs for: · Analysing slab-on-girder bridges for live load distribution. · Analysing slab and other solid bridge components for live load distribution. · Analysing and designing concrete deck slab overhangs of girder bridges under vehicular loads. · Determining the failure loads of concrete deck slabs of girder bridges under concentrated wheel loads. In addition, the book includes extensive chapters dealing with the design of wood bridges and soil-steel bridges. Further, a unique chapter on structural health monitoring (SHM) will help bridge engineers determine the actual load carrying capacities of bridges, as opposed to their perceived analytical capacities. The chapter addressing structures made with fibre-reinforced polymers will allow engineers to design highly durable, economical and sustainable structures. This chapter also provides guidance on rehabilitating deteriorated structures with these new materials. The book also deals with the philosophy of bridge design without resorting to complex equations. Additional material to this book can be downloaded from http://extras.springer.com